Abstain - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: abstainabstain
abstain : to refrain from exercising federal jurisdiction over a case : cause an abstention ...
Consideration
Consideration. Any act of the promisee (the person claiming the benefit of an obligation) from which the promisor (the person burdened with the obligation) or a stranger derives a benefit or advantage, or any labour detriment or inconvenience sustained or suffered by the promisee at the request, express or implied, of the promisor. See Laythoarp v. Bryant, 3 Scott 250; 2 Wms. Saund 137 h; Currie v. Misa, (1875) LR 10 Exch 153.Consideration is one of the facts which the courts require as evidence of intention, (a) that a person intends his promise to be binding on him, or (b) that he intends to divest himself of a beneficial interest in property. In its widest sense consideration is the price, motive or inducement for a promise or for a transfer of property from one person to another. The nature or quality of the consideration which will be sufficient for these purposes varies with the nature of the transaction and in the absence of consideration the Courts will, except in the case of s...
bond
bond 1 a : a usually formal written agreement by which a person undertakes to perform a certain act (as appear in court or fulfill the obligations of a contract) or abstain from performing an act (as committing a crime) with the condition that failure to perform or abstain will obligate the person or often a surety to pay a sum of money or will result in the forfeiture of money put up by the person or surety ;also : the money put up NOTE: The purpose of a bond is to provide an incentive for the fulfillment of an obligation. It also provides reassurance that the obligation will be fulfilled and that compensation is available if it is not fulfilled. In most cases a surety is involved, and the bond makes the surety responsible for the consequences of the obligated person's behavior. Some bonds, such as fidelity bonds, function as insurance agreements, in which the surety promises to pay for financial loss caused by the bad behavior of an obligated person or by some contingency over w...
Rechabite
One of the descendants of Jonadab the son of Rechab all of whom by his injunction abstained from the use of intoxicating drinks and even from planting the vine Jer xxxv 2 19 Also in modern times a member of a certain society of abstainers from alcoholic liquors...
Auction
Auction, signifies generally an increasing, an enhancement, and hence is applied to a public sale of property usually conducted by biddings, which augment the price. A spear used to be raised by the Romans, at the sign of a public auction, Livy, xxiii. 37; Smith's Dict. of Antiq. The Sale of Land by Auction Act, 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 48), by s. 5 enacts that the particulars of sale of land by auction 'shall state whether such land will be sold without reserve, or subject to a reserved price, or whether a right to bid is reserved,' and that 'if it is stated that such land will be sold without reserve, it shall not be lawful for the seller to employ any person to bid at such sale, or for the auctioneer to take knowingly any bidding from any such person.' As to auction without reserve, see Rainbow v. Howkins, 1904 (2) KB 322. See DUTCH AUCTION; KNOCK-OUTS.The auctions (English) (Bidding Agreements) Act, 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5, c. 12), was designed to make it illegal for a dealer to give an...
Beset
Beset. S. 7 of the (English) Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act, 1875 (38 & 39 Vict. c. 86), makes it an offence to beset the house or place where another resides or works with a view to compel him to abstain from doing or to do any act which he has a legal right to do or abstain from doing. The effect of this section in the case of a trade dispute has been mitigated by s. 2 of the (English) Trade Disputes Act, 1906 (6 Edw. 7, c. 47), which legalizes 'peaceful picketing,' but by the (English) Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act, 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. C. 22), s. 3, attending in such numbers or manner as is declared to be unlawful by the Act shall be deemed to be a watching or besetting within s. 7 of the 1875 Act....
Bond
Bond [fr. binda, band, bunden, A. S., to bind], a written acknowledgement or binding of a debt under seal. See DEED. No technical form of words is necessary to constitute a bond; see Gerrard v. Clowes, (1892) 2 QB 11; Strickland v. Williams, (1899) 1 QB 382. The person giving the bond is called the obligor, and he to whom it is given the obligee. A bond is called single (simplex obligatio) when it is without a penalty, but there is generally a condition added, that, if the obligor does or forbears from some act, the obligation shall be void, or else shall remain in full force, and the bond is then called a double or conditional one; see Dav. Prec. Vol. V., pt. Ii., p. 268. When a bond contains a penalty, which is generally double the amount of the principal sum secured, only the sum actually owing, with interest, can be recovered, and in no case can this exceed the amount appearing on the face of the bond. See 8 & 9 Wm. 3, c. 11, s. 8; Re Dixon, (1900) 2 Ch 561.Although it is unnecessa...
Contract
Contract, an agreement between competent parties, to do or to abstain from doing some act. For numerous other definitions, see Chalmers's Sale of Goods Act, App. II., where it is said that the 'disposition of the best modern writers appears to be to define ' contract ' as an agreement enforce-able at law,' but contended that this definition seems rather too narrow.Every contract is founded upon the mutual agree-ment of the parties; the other essentials are legality, capacity (depending on age, mental ability, sex and status) a mutual identity of consent (consensus ad idem), and form. When an agreement is stated either verbally or in writing it is usually called an express contract; when the agreement is matter of inference and deduction, it is called n implied contract. (See IMPLIED CONTRACT.)Contract, which provides that the price includes the cost of the goods, the freight and the insurance premium for the transit, Halsbury's Laws of England, Vol. 3(1), para 253, p. 210.Contracts may...
Knock-out
Knock-out. The arrangement made between persons attending an auction to refrain from bidding in competition one with the other on the sale of certain articles and for the subsequent private sale among themselves of the Articles thus bought at a low price.At Common Law such an agreement is not illegal [Rawlins v. General Trading Co., (1921) 1 KB 635], and to an action by the purchaser of goods sold by auction for the delivery up of the goods, the fact that the sale was a 'knock-out' does not of itself afford a defence [Cohen v. Roche, (1927) 1 KB 169], but now the (English) Auctions (Bidding Agreements) Act,1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5, c. 12), prohibits a dealer from giving any consideration or reward to anyone for abstaining or having abstained from bidding, under penalty on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding 100l. or imprisonment for not more than three months. A bona fide joint account, a copy of such agreement has been deposited before purchase with the auctioneer, is not an offenc...
clean living
living in a manner above moral reproach especially abstaining from unlawful sexual intercourse and excessive drunkenness...
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