Ab Initio - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: ab initioAb initio
Ab initio [Lat.] (from the beginning). A person who abuses an authority given him by law becomes a trespasser ab initio, i.e., is liable as a trespasser from the beginning. See the Six Carpenters' case, (1611) 8 Rep. 146; 1 Smith's L.C. a party making an irregular distress for rent is not deemed a trespasser ab initio, by virtue of the Distress for Rent Act, 1737 (11 Geo. 2, c. 19), s. 19. A second distress may be good if the first is void ab initio, Grunnel v. Welch, (1906) 2 KB 555....
ab initio
ab initio [Latin] : from the beginning [a contract found to be void ab initio] ...
trespass ab initio
trespass ab initio see trespass ...
Clausula que abrogationem excludit ab initio non valet
Clausula que abrogationem excludit ab initio non valet [Lat.], A clause which excludes abrogation avails not from the beginning....
Perpetua lex est, nullam legem humanam ac positivam perpetuam esse; et clausula qu' abrogationem excludit, ab initio non valet
Perpetua lex est, nullam legem humanam ac positivam perpetuam esse; et clausula qu' abrogationem excludit, ab initio non valet. Bacon.-(It is an everlasting law, that no positive human law shall be perpetual; and any part of an enactment which purports to admit of no repeal, is void from the beginning.)...
Quod ab initio non valet, in tractu temporis non convalescit
Quod ab initio non valet, in tractu temporis non convalescit (4 Rep. 2), that which is bad from the beginning does not improve by length of time....
A vinculo matrimonii
A vinculo matrimonii. (From the bond of wedlock). It was a total divorce obtained from the Ecclesiastical Court on some canonical impediment existing before marriage and not arising afterwards, for the marriage was declared void, as having been absolutely unlawful ab initio, and the parties were therefore separated pro salute animarum (for the safety of their souls), the issue (if any) were illegitimate, and the parties could contract another marriage. This maxim directs the construction to be put upon Acts of Parliament, against the express letter of which the Courts will not sanction any interpretation, for the meaning of the Legislature cannot be so well explained as by its own direct words, since index animi sermo (language conveys the intention of the mind), and maledicta expositio qu' corrumpit textum (an exposition which corrupts the text is bad). [4 Rep. 35; Sussex Peerage Case, (1844) 11 Cl & F 143.]This maxim directs the construction to be put upon Acts of Parliament, against...
Joint-tenancy
Joint-tenancy. This tenancy is created where the same interest in real or personal property is, by the act of the party, passed by the same matter of conveyance or claim in solido, and not as merchan-dise, or for purposes of speculation, to two or more persons in the same right, either simply, or by construction or operation of law jointly, with a jus accrescendi, that is, a gradual concentration of property from more to fewer, by the accession of the part of him or them that die to the survivors or survivor, till it passes to a single hand, and the joint-tenancy ceases.Anciently, joint-tenancy was favoured because it did not induce fractions of estates, and returning to early principles the (English) Land Legislation of 1925 has employed the tenure generally as the machinery by which legal estate may in such cases always be in some person, called the estate owner, who is competent to give a title to the whole estate without the concurrence of other parties. that legal estate has been ...
Void and voidable
Void and voidable. There is this difference between these two words: void means that an instrument or transaction is so nugatory and ineffectual that nothing can cure it; voidable, when an imperfection or defect can be cured by the act or confirmation of him who could take advantage of it. Thus, while acceptance of rent will make good a voidable lease, it will not affirm a void lease. See NULL AND VOID.The expression 'void' has several facets. One type of void acts, transactions, decrees are those which are wholly without jurisdiction, ab initio void and for avoiding the same, no declaration is necessary, law does not take any notice of the same and it can be disregarded in collateral proceeding or otherwise. The other type of void act, e.g., may be transaction against a minor without being represented by a next friend. Such a transaction is a good transaction against the whole world. So far as the minor is concerned, if he decides to avoid the same and succeeds in avoiding it by takin...
Trespass to land
Trespass to land. For trespass by entry or user of land without right or beyond the limits of a right, no damage need be proved (see also AB INITIO and DAMAGE FEASANT). Trespass by occupation of land is a continuing damage which is actionable from day to day so long as the trespassing person or object remains on the land, but see SUPPORT, and cases cited under that title. The plaintiff must show that he was in possession at the time of the alleged trespass, not merely a right of the alleged trespass, not merely a right of possession or infringement of a licence, but having entered he is entitled to sue for trespass from the date of the accrual of the right or to 'trespass by relation,' e.g., to mesne profits. Jus tertii or the extraneous right o another who is not in possession is no defence to an action of trespass. See also Air Navigation Act, 1920, s. 9....
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