Laws in force, Article 313 refers to laws in force which means statutory laws, Union of India v. Majji Jangammayya AIR 1977 SC 757 (767): (1977) 2 SCR 28: (1977) 1 SCC 606. [Constition of India, Art. 313]
--the definition of the phrase 'laws in force' is an inclusive definition and is intended to include laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority before the commencement of the Constitution irrespective of the fact that the law or any part thereof was not in operation in particular areas or at all, Sant Ram v. Labh Singh, (1964) 7 SCR 756: AIR 1965 SC 314 (316).