Substantive And Permanent

Substantive and permanent, when used with reference to appointment of a person in any service is really more descriptive of the nature and character of the appointment than indicative of the duration of that appointment. In other words, if a person's employment is described as substantive and permanent in the service-book, it imports that his employment is of a permanent as opposed to temporary character and that he is the incumbent of his appointment and only merely acting, Bimla Charan Batabyal v. Indian Museum Trustees, 57 Cal 231: 1930 Cal 404.