Us Supreme Court Court February 2001 Judgments
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Legal Services Corp. Vs. Velazquez
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-28-2001
Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez - 531 U.S. 533 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION v. VELAZQUEZ ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT No. 99-603. Argued October 4, 2000-Decided February 28, 2001 * The Legal Services Corporation Act authorizes petitioner Legal Services Corporation (LSC) to distribute funds appropriated by Congress to local grantee organizations providing free legal assistance to indigent clients in, inter alia, welfare benefits claims. In every annual appropriations Act since 1996, Congress has prohibited LSC funding of any organization that represented clients in an effort to amend or otherwise challenge existing welfare law. Grantees cannot continue representation in a welfare matter even where a constitutional or statutory validity challenge becomes apparent after representation is well under way. Respondents-lawyers employed by LSC grantees, together with othersfiled suit to declare, in...
Cook Vs. Gralike
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-28-2001
Cook v. Gralike - 531 U.S. 510 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus COOK v. GRALIKE ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT No. 99-929. Argued November 6, 2000-Decided February 28, 2001 In U. S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, 514 U. S. 779 , the Court held that an Arkansas law prohibiting otherwise eligible congressional candidates from appearing on the general election ballot if they had already served two Senate terms or three House terms was an impermissible attempt to add qualifications to congressional office rather than a permissible exercise of the State's Elections Clause power to regulate the "Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives," U. S. Const., Art. I, 4, cl. 1. In response, Missouri voters adopted an amendment to Article VIII of their State Constitution designed to bring about a specified "Congressional Term Limits Amendment" to the Federal Constitution. Among other things, Articl...
Semtek Int'l Inc. Vs. Lockheed MartIn Corp.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-27-2001
Semtek Int'l Inc. v. Lockheed Martin Corp. - 531 U.S. 497 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus SEMTEK INTERNATIONAL INC. v. LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP. CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF SPECIAL APPEALS OF MARYLAND No.99-1551. Argued December 5, 2000-Decided February 27, 2001 Respondent removed petitioner's California state-court suit to a California Federal District Court based on diversity of citizenship, and successfully moved to dismiss the case "on the merits" as barred by California's statute of limitations. Petitioner then brought suit in a Maryland Circuit Court, alleging the same causes of action, which were not time barred under Maryland's statute of limitations. That court dismissed the case on the ground of res judicata. In affirming, the Maryland Court of Special Appeals held that, regardless of whether California would have accorded claim-preclusive effect to a statute-oflimitations dismissal by one of its own courts, the California federal court's dismissal barred the Maryland ...
Whitman Vs. American Trucking Assns., Inc.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-27-2001
Whitman v. American Trucking Assns., Inc. - 531 U.S. 457 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus WHITMAN, ADMINISTRATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ET AL. v. AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS, INC., ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT No. 99-1257. Argued November 7, 2000-Decided February 27, 2001* Section 109(a) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator to promulgate national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for each air pollutant for which "air quality criteria" have been issued under 108. Pursuant to 109(d)(1), the Administrator in 1997 revised the ozone and particulate matter NAAQS. Respondents in No. 99-1257, private parties and several States (hereinafter respondents), challenged the revised NAAQS on several grounds. The District of Columbia Circuit found that, under the Administrator's interpretation, 109(b)(1)-which instructs the EPA to set standards "the a...
Buckman Co. Vs. Plaintiffs' Legal Comm.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-21-2001
Buckman Co. v. Plaintiffs' Legal Comm. - 531 U.S. 341 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus BUCKMAN CO. v. PLAINTIFFS' LEGAL COMMITTEE CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT No. 98-1768. Argued December 4, 2000-Decided February 21, 2001 Respondent represents plaintiffs claiming injuries caused by the use of orthopedic bone screws in the pedicles of their spines. Petitioner assisted the screws' manufacturer in securing approval for the devices from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Administration), which has regulatory authority under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA), as amended by the Medical Devices Amendments of 1976 (MDA). While the screws are in a class that normally must go through a time-consuming process to receive premarket approval (PMA), they were approved under an exception, known as the 510(k) process, for predicate devices-devices that were already on the market when the MDA was enacted-and for devices that are "...
Central Green Co. Vs. United States
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-21-2001
Central Green Co. v. United States - 531 U.S. 425 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus CENTRAL GREEN CO. v. UNITED STATES CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 99-859. Argued October 30, 2000-Decided February 21, 2001 The Madera Canal, a federal facility leased to the Madera Irrigation District (MID), flows through petitioner's California orchards. Petitioner brought suit against respondent United States and the MID alleging that their negligence in the canal's design, construction, and maintenance caused subsurface flooding resulting in damage to the orchards and increased operating costs for petitioner. The complaint sought damages under the Federal Tort Claims Act and other relief. Relying on the immunity granted by the Flood Control Act of 1928, 33 U. S. C. 702c-which states that "[n]o liability of any kind shall attach to or rest upon the United States for any damage from or by floods or flood waters at any place"-the United States move...
Board of Trustees of Univ. of AlA. Vs. Garrett
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-21-2001
Board of Trustees of Univ. of Ala. v. Garrett - 531 U.S. 356 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA ET AL. v. GARRETT ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 99-1240. Argued October 11, 2000-Decided February 21, 2001 Respondents Garrett and Ash filed separate lawsuits against petitioners, Alabama state employers, seeking money damages under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), which prohibits the States and other employers from "discriminat[ing] against a qualified individual with a disability because of th[at] disability ... in regard to ... terms, conditions, and privileges of employment," 42 U. S. C. 12112(a). In an opinion disposing of both cases, the District Court granted petitioners summary judgment, agreeing with them that the ADA exceeds Congress' authority to abrogate the State's Eleventh Amendment immunity. The Eleventh Circuit reversed on the ground tha...
Lewis Vs. Lewis and Clark Marine, Inc.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-21-2001
Lewis v. Lewis & Clark Marine, Inc. - 531 U.S. 438 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus LEWIS v. LEWIS & CLARK MARINE, INC. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT No.99-1331. Argued November 29, 2000-Decided February 21, 2001 Petitioner sued respondent in an Illinois County Court for personal injuries he suffered while working on respondent's ship. He did not request a jury trial. In anticipation of his suit, respondent had filed a complaint for exoneration from, or limitation of, liability in Federal District Court pursuant to the Limitation of Liability Act (Limitation Act or Act). Following the procedure for limitation actions set forth in Supplemental Admiralty and Maritime Claims Rule F, the court approved a surety bond representing respondent's interest in the vessel, ordered that any claim related to the incident be filed with the court within a specified period, and enjoined the filing or prosecution of any suits related to the incident. ...
Director of Revenue of Mo. Vs. Cobank Acb
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-20-2001
Director of Revenue of Mo. v. CoBank ACB - 531 U.S. 316 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus DIRECTOR OF REVENUE OF MISSOURI v. COBANK ACB, AS SUCCESSOR TO THE NATIONAL BANK FOR COOPERATIVES CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF MISSOURI No. 99-1792. Argued November 28, 2000-Decided February 20, 2001 The Farm Credit Act of 1933 created various lending institutions within the Farm Credit System-including banks for cooperatives-and addressed their taxation. Each of these institutions is designated as a federally chartered instrumentality of the United States. E. g., 12 U. S. C. 2121. Respondent CoBank ACB is the successor to all rights and obligations of a bank for cooperatives. In 1996, CoBank filed amended returns on behalf of that bank, requesting an exemption from all Missouri corporate income taxes and refunds on the taxes it paid for 1991 through 1994. CoBank asserted that the Supremacy Clause accords federal instrumentalities immunity from state taxation unless Congress h...
Brentwood Academy Vs. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-20-2001
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. - 531 U.S. 288 (2001) OCTOBER TERM, 2000 Syllabus BRENTWOOD ACADEMY v. TENNESSEE SECONDARY SCHOOL ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT No.99-901. Argued October 11, 2000-Decided February 20, 2001 Respondent not-for-profit athletic association (Association) regulates interscholastic sport among Tennessee public and private high schools. Most of the State's public high schools are members, representing 84% of the Association's membership. School officials make up the voting membership of the Association's governing council and control board, which typically hold meetings during regular school hours. The Association is largely funded by gate receipts. Association staff, although not state employees, may join the state retirement system. The Association sets membership standards and student eligibility rules and has the power to penalize any member school th...
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