Us Supreme Court Court March 2000 Judgments
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Erie Vs. Pap's A.andnbsp;M.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-29-2000
Erie v. Pap's A. M. - 529 U.S. 277 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus CITY OF ERIE ET AL. v. PAP'S A. M., TDBA "KANDYLAND" CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA No.98-1161. Argued November 10, 1999-Decided March 29, 2000 Erie, Pennsylvania, enacted an ordinance making it a summary offense to knowingly or intentionally appear in public in a "state of nudity." Respondent Pap's A. M. (hereinafter Pap's), a Pennsylvania corporation, operated "Kandyland," an Erie establishment featuring totally nude erotic dancing by women. To comply with the ordinance, these dancers had to wear, at a minimum, "pasties" and a "G-string." Pap's filed suit against Erie and city officials, seeking declaratory relief and a permanent injunction against the ordinance's enforcement. The Court of Common Pleas struck down the ordinance as unconstitutional, but the Commonwealth Court reversed. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court in turn reversed, finding that the ordinance's public nudity sections viola...
Santaandnbsp;fe Independent School Dist. Vs. Doe
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-29-2000
Santa Fe Independent School Dist. v. Doe - 530 U.S. 290 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus SANTA FE INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT v. DOE, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS NEXT FRIEND FOR HER MINOR CHILDREN, ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 99-62. Argued March 29, 2000-Decided June 19,2000 Prior to 1995, a student elected as Santa Fe High School's student council chaplain delivered a prayer over the public address system before each home varsity football game. Respondents, Mormon and Catholic students or alumni and their mothers, filed a suit challenging this practice and others under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. While the suit was pending, petitioner school district (District) adopted a different policy, which authorizes two student elections, the first to determine whether "invocations" should be delivered at games, and the second to select the spokesperson to deliver them. Mter the students held elections authorizing such...
Florida Vs. J.Andnbsp;l.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-28-2000
Florida v. J. L. - 529 U.S. 266 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus FLORIDA v. J. L. CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF FLORIDA No. 98-1993. Argued February 29, 2000-Decided March 28, 2000 Mter an anonymous caller reported to the Miami-Dade Police that a young black male standing at a particular bus stop and wearing a plaid shirt was carrying a gun, officers went to the bus stop and saw three black males, one of whom, respondent J. L., was wearing a plaid shirt. Apart from the tip, the officers had no reason to suspect any of the three of illegal conduct. The officers did not see a firearm or observe any unusual movements. One of the officers frisked J. L. and seized a gun from his pocket. J. L., who was then almost 16, was charged under state law with carrying a concealed firearm without a license and possessing a firearm while under the age of 18. The trial court granted his motion to suppress the gun as the fruit of an unlawful search. The intermediate appellate court reverse...
Garner Vs. Jones
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-28-2000
Garner v. Jones - 529 U.S. 244 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus GARNER, FORMER CHAIRMAN OF THE STATE BOARD OF PARDONS AND PAROLES OF GEORGIA, ET AL. v. JONES CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 99-137. Argued January 11, 2000-Decided March 28, 2000 Respondent escaped while serving a life sentence for murder, committed another murder, and was sentenced to a second life term. Georgia law requires the State's Board of Pardons and Paroles (Board) to consider inmates serving life sentences for parole after seven years. At the time respondent committed his second offense, the Board's Rule 475-3-.05(2) required that reconsiderations for parole take place every three years. Acting pursuant to statutory authority, the Board subsequently extended the reconsideration period to at least every eight years. The Board has the discretion to shorten that interval, but declined to do so when it applied the amended Rule in respondent's case, citing his...
Sims Vs. Apfel
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-28-2000
Sims v. Apfel - 530 U.S. 103 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus SIMS v. APFEL, COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 98-9537. Argued March 28, 2000-Decided June 5,2000 Petitioner applied for Social Security disability and Supplemental Security Income benefits. Mter a state agency denied her claims, she obtained a hearing before a Social Security Administrative Law Judge (ALJ), who also denied her claims. Petitioner then requested review by the Social Security Appeals Council, which denied review. She next filed suit in the Federal District Court, contending that the ALJ erred in three ways. The District Court rejected her contentions, and the Fifth Circuit affirmed, concluding that it lacked jurisdiction over two of the contentions because they were not included in petitioner's request for review by the Appeals Council. Held: The judgment is reversed, and the case is remanded. 200 F.3d 229 , reversed and ...
Crosby Vs. National Foreign Trade Council
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-22-2000
Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council - 530 U.S. 363 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus CROSBY, SECRETARY OF ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE OF MASSACHUSETTS, ET AL. v. NATIONAL FOREIGN TRADE COUNCIL CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT No. 99-474. Argued March 22, 2000-Decided June 19,2000 In 1996, Massachusetts passed a law barring state entities from buying goods or services from companies doing business with Burma. Subsequently, Congress imposed mandatory and conditional sanctions on Burma. Respondent (hereinafter Council), which has several members affected by the state Act, filed suit against petitioner state officials (hereinafter State) in federal court, claiming that the state Act unconstitutionally infringes on the federal foreign affairs power, violates the Foreign Commerce Clause, and is preempted by the federal Act. The District Court permanently enjoined the state Act's enforcement, and the First Circuit affirmed. Held: The state...
Wal-mart Stores, Inc. Vs. Samara Brothers, Inc.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-22-2000
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Samara Brothers, Inc. - 529 U.S. 205 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus WAL-MART STORES, INC. v. SAMARA BROTHERS, INC. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT No. 99-150. Argued January 19, 2000-Decided March 22, 2000 Respondent Samara Brothers, Inc., designs and manufactures a line of children's clothing. Petitioner Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., contracted with a supplier to manufacture outfits based on photographs of Samara garments. Mter discovering that Wal-Mart and other retailers were selling the so-called knockoffs, Samara brought this action for, inter alia, infringement of unregistered trade dress under 43(a) of the Trademark Act of 1946 (Lanham Act). The jury found for Samara. Wal-Mart then renewed a motion for judgment as a matter of law, claiming that there was insufficient evidence to support a conclusion that Samara's clothing designs could be legally protected as distinctive trade dress for purposes of 43(a). ...
Board of Regents of Univ. of Wis. System Vs. Southworth
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-22-2000
Board of Regents of Univ. of Wis. System v. Southworth - 529 U.S. 217 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SYSTEM v. SOUTHWORTH ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 98-1189. Argued November 9, 1999-Decided March 22, 2000 Petitioner, Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System (hereinafter University), requires students at the University's Madison campus to pay a segregated activity fee. The fee supports various campus services and extracurricular student activities. In the University's view, such fees enhance students' educational experience by promoting extracurricular activities, stimulating advocacy and debate on diverse points of view, enabling participation in campus administrative activity, and providing opportunities to develop social skills, all consistent with the University's broad educational mission. Registered student organizations (RSO's) engaging in a number o...
Fda Vs. Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-21-2000
FDA v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. - 529 U.S. 120 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ET AL. v. BROWN & WILLIAMSON TOBACCO CORP. ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 98-1152. Argued December 1, 1999-Decided March 21, 2000 The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA or Act), 21 U. S. C. 301 et seq., grants the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as the designee of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS), the authority to regulate, among other items, "drugs" and "devices," 321(g)-(h), 393. In 1996, the FDA asserted jurisdiction to regulate tobacco products, concluding that, under the FDCA, nicotine is a "drug" and cigarettes and smokeless tobacco are "devices" that deliver nicotine to the body. Pursuant to this authority, the FDA promulgated regulations governing tobacco products' promotion, labeling, and accessibility to children and adolescents. The FDA found that tobacco use is the Nation's...
Reeves Vs. Sanderson Plumbing Products, Inc.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-21-2000
Reeves v. Sanderson Plumbing Products, Inc. - 530 U.S. 133 (2000) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Syllabus REEVES v. SANDERSON PLUMBING PRODUCTS, INC. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 99-536. Argued March 21, 2000-Decided June 12,2000 Petitioner Reeves, 57, and Joe Oswalt, in his mid-thirties, were the supervisors in one of respondent's departments known as the "Hinge Room," which was managed by Russell Caldwell, 45. Reeves' responsibilities included recording the attendance and hours worked by employees under his supervision. In 1995, Caldwell informed Powe Chesnut, the company's director of manufacturing, that Hinge Room production was down because employees were often absent, coming in late, and leaving early. Because the monthly attendance reports did not indicate a problem, Chesnut ordered an audit, which, according to his testimony, revealed numerous timekeeping errors and misrepresentations by Caldwell, Reeves, and Oswalt. Chesnut and other ...
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