Us Supreme Court Court June 1997 Judgments
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Foreman Vs. Dallas County
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-27-1997
Foreman v. Dallas County - 521 U.S. 979 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus FOREMAN ET AL. v. DALLAS COUNTY, TEXAS, ET AL. ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS No. 96-987. Decided June 27, 1997* A Texas statute authorizes counties to appoint election judges to supervise voting on election days. Since 1983, Dallas County has changed its appointment procedures several times, always using party-affiliation formulas. Appellants sued the county and others in the Federal District Court, claiming that 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 required that the most recent change be precleared. A three-judge court held that preclearance was not required because the county was simply exercising its discretion to adjust the procedure according to party power; concluded that the Justice Department's preclearance of a 1985 submission of Texas' recodified election code operated to preclear the county's use of partisan considerations; denied injunctive...
Pounders Vs. Watson
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-27-1997
Pounders v. Watson - 521 U.S. 982 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus POUNDERS, JUDGE, SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY v. PENELOPE WATSON ON PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 96-1383. Decided June 27, 1997 Respondent represented William Mora during a multidefendant murder trial in a California court. During the trial, the presiding judge, petitioner here, admonished counsel that the issue of the punishment defendants might receive if they were convicted was not open for discussion and should not be explored. When respondent brought up possible punishment while questioning Mora, the judge found her in contempt, concluding that the sole purpose of her questions was to improperly advise the jury of the potential penalty in violation of the court's order, that she was aware of the order, and that her conduct permanently prejudiced the jury. Mter her state habeas petitions were denied, the Federal Distric...
Reno Vs. American Civil Liberties Union
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-26-1997
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union - 521 U.S. 844 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus RENO, ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES, ET AL. v. AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION ET AL. APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA No. 96-511. Argued March 19, 1997-Decided June 26, 1997 Two provisions of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA or Act) seek to protect minors from harmful material on the Internet, an international network of interconnected computers that enables millions of people to communicate with one another in "cyberspace" and to access vast amounts of information from around the world. Title 47 U. S. C. 223(a)(I)(B)(ii) (1994 ed., Supp. II) criminalizes the "knowing" transmission of "obscene or indecent" messages to any recipient under 18 years of age. Section 223(d) prohibits the "knowin[g]" sending or displaying to a person under 18 of any message "that, in context, depicts or describes, in terms patently offensiv...
Raines Vs. Byrd
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-26-1997
Raines v. Byrd - 521 U.S. 811 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus RAINES, DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET, ET AL. v. BYRD ET AL. APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA No. 96-1671. Argued May 27, 1997-Decided June 26, 1997 Appellees, Members of the 104th Congress, voted "nay" when Congress passed the Line Item Veto Act (Act), which gives the President the authority to cancel certain spending and tax benefit measures after he has signed them into law. The day after the Act went into effect, they filed suit against appellants, Executive Branch officials, challenging the Act's constitutionality. The District Court denied appellants' motion to dismiss, finding that appellees' claim that the Act diluted their Article I voting power was sufficient to confer Article III standing; and that their claim was ripe, even though the President had not yet used the Act's cancellation authority, because they found themselves in a position of unantici...
Amchem Products, Inc. Vs. Windsor
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-25-1997
Amchem Products, Inc. v. Windsor - 521 U.S. 591 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus AMCHEM PRODUCTS, INC., ET AL. v. WINDSOR ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT No. 96-270. Argued February 18, 1997-Decided June 25, 1997 This case concerns the legitimacy under Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure of a class-action certification sought to achieve global settlement of current and future asbestos-related claims. Never intending to litigate, the settling parties-petitioners and the representatives of the plaintiff class described below-presented to the District Court a class-action complaint, an answer, a proposed settlement agreement, and a joint motion for conditional class certification. The complaint identifies nine lead plaintiffs, designating them and members of their families as representatives of a class comprised of all persons who had not previously sued any of the asbestos-manufacturing companies that are petitioners in...
Richardson Vs. Mcknight
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-23-1997
Richardson v. McKnight - 521 U.S. 399 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus RICHARDSON ET AL. v. McKNIGHT CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT No. 96-318. Argued March 19, 1997-Decided June 23, 1997 Respondent McKnight, a prisoner at a Tennessee correctional center whose management had been privatized, filed this constitutional tort action under 42 U. S. C. 1983 for physical injuries inflicted by petitioner prison guards. The District Court denied petitioners' motion to dismiss, finding that, since they were employed by a private prison management firm, they were not entitled to qualified immunity from 1983 lawsuits. The Court of Appeals affirmed. Held: Prison guards employed by a private firm are not entitled to a qualified immunity from suit by prisoners charging a 1983 violation. Pp. 402-414. (a) Four aspects of Wyatt v. Cole, 504 U. S. 158 -in which this Court found no 1983 immunity for private defendants charged with invoking sta...
idaho Vs. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-23-1997
Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho - 521 U.S. 261 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus IDAHO ET AL. v. COEUR D'ALENE TRIBE OF IDAHO ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 94-1474. Argued October 16, 1996-Decided June 23, 1997 Alleging ownership in the submerged lands and bed of Lake Coeur d'Alene and various of its navigable tributaries and effluents lying within the original boundaries of the Coeur d'Alene Reservation (the submerged lands), the Coeur d'Alene Tribe and various of its members (collectively, the Tribe) filed this federal-court action against the State of Idaho, various state agencies, and numerous state officials in their individual capacities. The Tribe sought, inter alia, a declaratory judgment establishing its entitlement to the exclusive use and occupancy and the right to quiet enjoyment of the submerged lands, a declaration of the invalidity of all Idaho laws, customs, or usages purporting to regulate those land...
Klehr Vs. A. O. Smith Corp.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-19-1997
Klehr v. A. O. Smith Corp. - 521 U.S. 179 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus KLEHR ET UX. V. A. O. SMITH CORP. ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT No. 96-663. Argued April 21, 1997-Decided June 19, 1997 The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) makes it a crime "to conduct" an "enterprise's affairs through a pattern of racketeering activity." 18 U. S. C. 1962(c). A "pattern" requires at least two acts of racketeering activity, the last of which occurred within 10 years after the commission of a prior act. 1961(5). A person injured by a violation of RICO's criminal provisions may recover treble damages and attorney's fees in a civil RICO action, 1964(c), but civil actions are subject to the 4-year limitations period in 4B of the Clayton Act-the statute of limitations governing private civil antitrust actions seeking treble damages, Agency Holding Corp. v. Malley-Duff & Associates, Inc., 483 U. S. 143 , 156....
O'Dell Vs. Netherland
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-19-1997
O'Dell v. Netherland - 521 U.S. 151 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus O'DELL v. NETHERLAND, WARDEN, ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 96-6867. Argued March 18, 1997-Decided June 19, 1997 At the penalty phase of petitioner's state trial on capital murder, rape, and sodomy charges, evidence was presented that he had been convicted of a host of other offenses-including the kidnaping and assault of another woman while he was on parole and the murder of a fellow prisoner during a previous prison stint. The court denied his request for a jury instruction that he was ineligible for parole if sentenced to life in prison. The jury determined that petitioner presented a future danger, and he was sentenced to death. In subsequently granting federal habeas relief, the District Court concluded that this Court's intervening decision in Simmons v. South Carolina, 512 U. S. 154 -which requires that a capital defendant be permitted to info...
United States Vs. Alaska
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jun-19-1997
United States v. Alaska - 530 U.S. 1021 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1999 Decree UNITED STATES v. ALASKA on bill of complaint No. 84, Orig. Decided June 19, 1997Decree entered June 29, 2000 Decree entered. Opinion reported: 521 U. S. 1 . The joint motion for entry of a decree is granted. DECREE On June 18, 1979, the Court granted the United Statesleave to file a bill of complaint setting out a dispute over therights of the United States and the State of Alaska to offerlands in the Beaufort Sea for mineral leasing. 442 U. S. 937 .The Court appointed a Special Master to direct subsequentproceedings and to submit such reports as he deemed appropriate. 444 U. S. 1065 (1980). The Court later referredto the Master the State of Alaska's motion for leave to filea counterclaim seeking a decree quieting its title to coastalsubmerged lands within two federal reservations, the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska and the Arctic NationalWildlife Range (now known as the Arctic National WildlifeR...
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