Us Supreme Court Court February 1997 Judgments
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De Buono Vs. Nysa-ila Medical and Clinical Services Fund
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-24-1997
De Buono v. NYSA-ILA Medical and Clinical Services Fund - 520 U.S. 806 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus DE BUONO, NEW YORK COMMISSIONER OF HEALTH, ET AL. v. NYSA-ILA MEDICAL AND CLINICAL SERVICES FUND, BY ITS TRUSTEES, BOWERS, ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT No. 95-1594. Argued February 24, 1997-Decided June 2,1997 New York's Health Facility Assessment (HFA) imposes a tax on gross receipts for patient services at, inter alia, diagnostic and treatment centers. The NYSA-ILA Medical and Clinical Services Fund (Fund), which administers a plan subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), owns and operates New York treatment centers for longshore workers, retirees, and their dependents. Respondents, the Fund's trustees, discontinued paying the tax and filed this action to enjoin petitioner state officials from making future assessments and to obtain a refund, alleging that the HFA is a state law that "rela...
Maryland Vs. Wilson
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
Maryland v. Wilson - 519 U.S. 408 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus MARYLAND v. WILSON CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF SPECIAL APPEALS OF MARYLAND No. 95-1268. Argued December 11, 1996-Decided February 19, 1997 Mter stopping a speeding car in which respondent Wilson was a passenger, a Maryland state trooper ordered Wilson out of the car upon noticing his apparent nervousness. When Wilson exited, a quantity of cocaine fell to the ground. He was arrested and charged with possession of cocaine with intent to distribute. The Baltimore County Circuit Court granted his motion to suppress the evidence, deciding that the trooper's ordering him out of the car constituted an unreasonable seizure under the Fourth Amendment. The Maryland Court of Special Appeals affirmed, holding that the rule of Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U. S. 106, that an officer may as a matter of course order the driver of a lawfully stopped car to exit his vehicle, does not apply to passengers. Held: An officer ma...
Auer Vs. Robbins
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
Auer v. Robbins - 519 U.S. 452 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus AVER ET AL. v. ROBBINS ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT No. 95-897. Argued December 10, 1996-Decided February 19, 1997 Petitioners, St. Louis police sergeants and a lieutenant, sued respondent police commissioners for overtime pay under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA). Respondents argued that petitioners were "bona fide executive, administrative, or professional" employees exempted from overtime pay requirements by 29 U. S. C. 213(a)(1). Under the Secretary of Labor's regulations, that exemption applies to employees paid a specified minimum amount on a "salary basis," which requires that the "compensation ... not [be] subject to reduction because of variations in the quality or quantity of the work performed." Petitioners claimed that they did not meet this test because, under the terms of the Police Department Manual, their compensation could theoretic...
Lynce Vs. Mathis
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
Lynce v. Mathis - 519 U.S. 433 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus LYNCE v. MATHIS, SUPERINTENDENT, TOMOKA CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION, ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 95-7452. Argued November 4, 1996-Decided February 19, 1997 Beginning in 1983 the Florida Legislature enacted a series of statutes authorizing the award of early release credits to prison inmates when the state prison population exceeded predetermined levels. In 1986 petitioner received a 22-year prison sentence on a charge of attempted murder. In 1992 he was released based on the determination that he had accumulated five different types of early release credits totaling 5,668 days, including 1,860 days of "provisional credits" awarded as a result of prison overcrowding. Shortly thereafter, the state attorney general issued an opinion interpreting a 1992 statute as having retroactively canceled all provisional credits awarded to inmates convicted of murder and att...
Schenck Vs. Pro-choice Network of Western N. Y.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western N. Y. - 519 U.S. 357 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus SCHENCK ET AL. v. PRO-CHOICE NETWORK OF WESTERN NEW YORK ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT No. 95-1065. Argued October 16, 1996-Decided February 19, 1997 Respondents, upstate New York abortion doctors and clinics and an organization dedicated to maintaining access to abortion services, filed a complaint in the District Court seeking to enjoin petitioners, other individuals, and three organizations from engaging in blockades and other illegal conduct at the clinics. The record shows that, before the complaint was filed, the clinics were subjected to numerous large-scale blockades in which protesters marched, stood, knelt, sat, or lay in clinic parking lot driveways and doorways, blocking or hindering cars from entering the lots, and patients and clinic employees from entering the clinics. In addition, smaller groups of protesters consiste...
Regents of Univ. of Cal. Vs. Doe
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
Regents of Univ. of Cal. v. Doe - 519 U.S. 425 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ET AL. v. DOE CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 95-1694. Argued December 2, 1996-Decided February 19, 1997 Respondent Doe, a New York citizen, sued the Regents of the University of California and others, alleging, inter alia, that the University had agreed to employ him at a laboratory it operates pursuant to a contract with the federal Department of Energy, and that it had wrongfully breached its agreement with him upon determining that he could not obtain a required security clearance. Relying on Circuit precedent holding that the University is "an arm of the state," the District Court concluded that the Eleventh Amendment barred Doe from maintaining his breach-of-contract action in federal court. In reversing, the Ninth Circuit held that liability for money judgments is the single most important factor in determ...
Lawyer Vs. Department of Justice
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
Lawyer v. Department of Justice - 521 U.S. 567 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus LAWYER v. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ET AL. APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA No. 95-2024. Argued February 19, 1997-Decided June 25,1997 Based on the 1990 census, the Florida Legislature adopted a reapportionment plan for State Senate and House districts. When the Justice Department refused to preclear the plan, the State Supreme Court entered an order encouraging the state legislature to adopt a new plan. Advised that the Governor would not convene an extraordinary session and that neither the Senate President nor the House Speaker would convene his respective House, the court concluded that legislative impasse had occurred and revised the redistricting plan itself producing Plan 330. In 1995, appellant and other residents of Senate District 21 as revised in Plan 330 filed suit against state and federal parties in the Federal District Court, alleging that...
City of Boerne Vs. Flores
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-19-1997
City of Boerne v. Flores - 521 U.S. 507 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus CITY OF BOERNE v. FLORES, ARCHBISHOP OF SAN ANTONIO, ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 95-2074. Argued February 19, 1997-Decided June 25,1997 Respondent, the Catholic Archbishop of San Antonio, applied for a building permit to enlarge a church in Boerne, Texas. When local zoning authorities denied the permit, relying on an ordinance governing historic preservation in a district which, they argued, included the church, the Archbishop brought this suit challenging the permit denial under, inter alia, the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (RFRA). The District Court concluded that by enacting RFRA Congress exceeded the scope of its enforcement power under 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment. The court certified its order for interlocutory appeal, and the Fifth Circuit reversed, finding RFRA to be constitutional. Held: RFRA exceeds Congress' power. pp. 5...
California Div. of Labor Standards Enforcement Vs. Dillingham Constr., ...
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-18-1997
California Div. of Labor Standards Enforcement v. Dillingham Constr., N. A., Inc. - 519 U.S. 316 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus CALIFORNIA DIVISION OF LABOR STANDARDS ENFORCEMENT ET AL. v. DILLINGHAM CONSTRUCTION, N. A., INC., ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 95-789. Argued November 5, 1996-Decided February 18, 1997 California requires a public works project contractor to pay its workers the prevailing wage in the project's locale, but allows payment of a lower wage to participants in a state-approved apprenticeship program. Mter respondent Dillingham Construction subcontracted some of the work on its state contract to respondent Arceo, doing business as Sound Systems Media, the latter entered a collective-bargaining agreement that included an apprenticeship wage scale and provided for affiliation with an apprenticeship committee that ran an unapproved program. Sound Systems Media thereafter relied on that committee for its ...
Saratoga Fishing Co. Vs. J. M. Martinac and Co.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-18-1997
Saratoga Fishing Co. v. J. M. Martinac & Co. - 520 U.S. 875 (1997) OCTOBER TERM, 1996 Syllabus SARATOGA FISHING CO. v. J. M. MARTINAC & CO. ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 95-1764. Argued February 18, 1997-Decided June 2,1997 In East River S. S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval Inc., 476 U. S. 858 , this Court held that an admiralty tort plaintiff cannot recover for the physical damage a defective product causes to the "product itself," but can recover for physical damage the product causes to "other property." The parties here agree that the "product itself" consists at least of a ship as built and outfitted by its original manufacturer and sold to an initial user. Respondent J. M. Martinac & Co. built the fishing vessel M/V Saratoga, installing a hydraulic system designed by respondent Marco Seattle Inc. Joseph Madruga, the Initial User, bought the ship new, added extra equipment, used the ship, and resold it to petition...
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