Us Supreme Court Court March 1986 Judgments
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California Vs. Brown
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-27-1986
California v. Brown - 475 U.S. 1301 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court California v. Brown, 475 U.S. 1301 (1986) California v. Brown No. A-699 Decided March 27, 1986 475 U.S. 1301 ON APPLICATION FOR STAY California's application to stay the enforcement of the California Supreme Court's judgment -- which invalidated respondent's death sentence for first-degree murder on the ground that the Eighth Amendment to the Federal Constitution was violated by a jury instruction given during the sentencing phase of his trial that told the jury not to be swayed by "mere sentiment, conjecture, sympathy, passion, prejudice, public opinion or public feeling" -- is granted pending disposition of the State's petition for certiorari. It is likely that four Members of this Court will vote to grant certiorari to review the jury instruction issue, and that the decision below ultimately will be reversed. There is no merit to respondent's argument that the decision below was based on adequate and independent ...
Holbrook Vs. Flynn
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-26-1986
Holbrook v. Flynn - 475 U.S. 560 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Holbrook v. Flynn, 475 U.S. 560 (1986) Holbrook v. Flynn No. 84-1606 Argued January 14, 1986 Decided March 26, 1986 475 U.S. 560 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT Syllabus After respondent and others were indicted for armed robbery in Rhode Island Superior Court, they were held without bail. When the trial was about to begin, four uniformed state troopers were sitting in the front row of the spectators' section of the courtroom to supplement the customary security force which was overextended at the time. Respondent's counsel objected to the troopers' presence, but this objection was overruled by the trial justice, primarily on the basis of voir dire responses during the selection of the jury indicating that the troopers' presence would not affect the defendants' ability to receive a fair trial. Respondent was convicted, and the Rhode Island Supreme Court affirmed. Respondent t...
Matsushita Vs. Zenith Ratio Corp.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-26-1986
Matsushita v. Zenith Ratio Corp. - 475 U.S. 574 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Matsushita v. Zenith Ratio Corp., 475 U.S. 574 (1986) Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp. No. 83-2004 Argued November 12, 1985 Decided March 26, 1986 475 U.S. 574 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT Syllabus Petitioners are 21 Japanese corporations or Japanese-controlled American corporations that manufacture and/or sell "consumer electronic products" (CEPs) (primarily television sets). Respondents are American corporations that manufacture and sell television sets. In 1974, respondents brought an action in Federal District Court, alleging that petitioners, over a 20-year period, had illegally conspired to drive American firms from the American CEP market by engaging in a scheme to fix and maintain artificially high prices for television sets sold by petitioners in Japan and, at the same time, to fix and maintain low prices for the sets exp...
Goldman Vs. Weinberger
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-25-1986
Goldman v. Weinberger - 475 U.S. 503 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Goldman v. Weinberger, 475 U.S. 503 (1986) Goldman v. Weinberger No. 84-1097 Argued January 14, 1986 Decided March 25, 1986 475 U.S. 503 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus Petitioner, an Orthodox Jew and ordained rabbi, was ordered not to wear a yarmulke while on duty and in uniform as a commissioned officer in the Air Force at March Air Force Base, pursuant to an Air Force regulation that provides that authorized headgear may be worn out of doors but that indoors "[h]eadgear [may] not be worn . . . except by armed security police in the performance of their duties." Petitioner then brought an action in Federal District Court, claiming that the application of the regulation to prevent him from wearing his yarmulke infringed upon his First Amendment freedom to exercise his religious beliefs. The District Court permanently enjoined the Air Force from enfo...
Pembauer Vs. City of Cincinnati
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-25-1986
Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati - 475 U.S. 469 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati, 475 U.S. 469 (1986) Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati No. 84-1160 Argued December 2, 1985 Decided March 25, 1986 475 U.S. 469 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Petitioner, a physician and the proprietor of a clinic in Cincinnati, Ohio, that provided medical services primarily to welfare recipients, was indicted by a grand jury for fraudulently accepting payments from state welfare agencies. During the grand jury investigation, subpoenas were issued for the appearance of two of petitioner's employees. When the employees failed to appear, the Assistant County Prosecutor obtained capiases for their detention. But when two County Deputy Sheriffs attempted to serve the capiases at petitioner's clinic, he barred the door and refused to let them enter the part of the clinic where the employees presumably were located. Thereafter, Cincinnat...
Paulussen Vs. Herion
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-25-1986
Paulussen v. Herion - 475 U.S. 557 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Paulussen v. Herion, 475 U.S. 557 (1986) Paulussen v. Herion No. 85-88 Argued March 5, 1986 Decided March 25, 1986 475 U.S. 557 APPEAL FROM THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Syllabus In 1980, appellant filed a paternity and child support petition in a Pennsylvania court on behalf of her 7-year-old daughter, who had been born out of wedlock, alleging that appellee was the natural father and had ceased making contributions to the daughter's support in 1975. The court held that the action was barred under the state statute of limitations, which then required that paternity actions be commenced within six years of the child's birth or within two years of the putative father's last voluntary support contribution or written acknowledgment of paternity. Appellant's contention that the statute violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was rejected. The Pennsylvania Superior Court affirmed. Held: T...
Bender Vs. Williamsport Area Sch. Dist.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-25-1986
Bender v. Williamsport Area Sch. Dist. - 475 U.S. 534 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Bender v. Williamsport Area Sch. Dist., 475 U.S. 534 (1986) Bender v. Williamsport Area School District No. 84-773 Argued October 15, 1985 Decided March 25, 1986 475 U.S. 534 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT Syllabus When a group of high school students in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, formed a club for the purpose of promoting "spiritual growth and positive attitudes in the lives of its members," they asked the Principal for permission to hold club meetings on the school premises during student activity periods. The matter was referred to the School Superintendent, who denied permission on the basis of an opinion of the School District Solicitor, and the School Board upheld the denial. The students then filed suit in Federal District Court against the School District, members of the School Board, the Superintendent, and the Principal, alleging that the refusa...
Moran Vs. Burbine
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-10-1986
Moran v. Burbine - 475 U.S. 412 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Moran v. Burbine, 475 U.S. 412 (1986) Moran v. Burbine No. 84-1485 Argued November 13, 1985 Decided March 10, 1986 475 U.S. 412 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT Syllabus After respondent was arrested by the Cranston, Rhode Island, police in connection with a breaking and entering, the police obtained evidence suggesting that he might be responsible for the murder of a woman in Providence earlier that year. An officer telephoned the Providence police at approximately 6 p.m., and an hour later Providence police officers arrived at the Cranston headquarters to question respondent about the murder. That same evening, unknown to respondent, his sister, who was unaware that respondent was then under suspicion for murder, telephoned the Public Defender's Office to obtain legal assistance for her brother on the burglary charge. At 8:15 p.m., an Assistant Public Defender telephoned the Cr...
United States Vs. Inadi
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-10-1986
United States v. Inadi - 475 U.S. 387 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court United States v. Inadi, 475 U.S. 387 (1986) United States v. Inadi No. 84-1580 Argued December 3, 1985 Decided March 10, 1986 475 U.S. 387 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT Syllabus Following a jury trial in Federal District Court, respondent was convicted of conspiring to manufacture and distribute methamphetamine, and related offenses. Part of the evidence consisted of taped conversations between various participants in the conspiracy. Respondent sought to exclude the recorded statements of the unindicted coconspirators, including one Lazaro, on the ground that they did not satisfy the requirements of Federal Rule of Evidence 801(d)(2)(E), which provides that a statement by a coconspirator of a party made "during the course and in furtherance of the conspiracy" is not hearsay when offered against the party. Respondent also objected to the admission of the statements on Con...
Exxon Corp. Vs. Hunt
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Mar-10-1986
Exxon Corp. v. Hunt - 475 U.S. 355 (1986) U.S. Supreme Court Exxon Corp. v. Hunt, 475 U.S. 355 (1986) Exxon Corp. v. Hunt No. 84-978 Argued December 9, 1985 Decided March 10, 1986 475 U.S. 355 APPEAL FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF NEW JERSEY Syllabus The New Jersey Spill Compensation and Control Act (Spill Act), enacted in 1977 to respond to the problem of hazardous substance release, imposes an excise tax upon major petroleum and chemical facilities within the State to finance the prevention and cleanup of oil spills and leaks of hazardous chemicals from disposal sites. The tax revenue goes into a permanent fund (Spill Fund), which may spend money not only to clean up releases of hazardous substances, but also to compensate third parties for certain economic losses sustained as a result of such releases, and to pay administrative and research costs. The federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), enacted in response to similar ...
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