Us Supreme Court Court April 1979 Judgments
Addington Vs. Texas
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-30-1979
Addington v. Texas - 441 U.S. 418 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Addington v. Texas, 441 U.S. 418 (1979) Addington v. Texas No. 77-5992 Argued November 28, 1978 Decided April 30, 1979 441 U.S. 418 APPEAL FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF TEXAS Syllabus Appellant's mother filed a petition for his indefinite commitment to a state mental hospital in accordance with Texas law governing involuntary commitments. Appellant had a long history of confinements for mental and emotional disorders. The state trial court instructed the jury to determine whether, based on "clear, unequivocal and convincing evidence," appellant was mentally ill and required hospitalization for his own welfare and protection or the protection of others. Appellant contended that the trial court should have employed the "beyond a reasonable doubt" standard of proof. The jury found that appellant was mentally ill and that he required hospitalization, and the trial court ordered his commitment for an indefinite period. The T...
Tag this Judgment!Wilkins Vs. United States
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-30-1979
Wilkins v. United States - 441 U.S. 468 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Wilkins v. United States, 441 U.S. 468 (1979) Wilkins v. United States No. 75-5885 Decided April 30, 1979 441 U.S. 468 ON PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT Syllabus Held: Where the pro se petitioner's untimely petition for certiorari to review the Court of Appeals' affirmance of petitioner's federal convictions alleges that his court-appointed attorney had failed to file a timely petition as requested by petitioner, this Court will, as suggested by the Solicitor General and even though petitioner did not first seek relief in the Court of Appeals, grant certiorari, vacate the Court of Appeals' judgment, and remand the case to the Court of Appeals for further proceedings, including the reentry of its judgment affirming petitioner's convictions and, if appropriate, appointment of counsel to assist petitioner in seeking timely review of that judgment in ...
Tag this Judgment!Toll Vs. Moreno
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-30-1979
Toll v. Moreno - 441 U.S. 458 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Toll v. Moreno, 441 U.S. 458 (1979) Toll v. Moreno No. 77-154 Argued February 22, 1979 Question certified April 19, 1978 Decided April 30, 1979 441 U.S. 458 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondents, representing a class of nonimmigrant alien residents of Maryland who either held or were financially dependent upon a person who held a "G-4 visa" (a nonimmigrant visa granted to officers or employees of international organizations and members of their immediate families), instituted an action in Federal District Court, challenging the validity of the policy of the University of Maryland whereby "in-state" status for tuition purposes was denied to such aliens because they were conclusively presumed by the University to be nondomiciliaries of the State. The District Court held for respondents, and the Court of Appeals affirmed. This Court then certified to the Maryland Cou...
Tag this Judgment!Japan Line, Ltd. Vs. County of Los Angeles
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-30-1979
Japan Line, Ltd. v. County of Los Angeles - 441 U.S. 434 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Japan Line, Ltd. v. County of Los Angeles, 441 U.S. 434 (1979) Japan Line, Ltd. v. County of Los Angeles No. 77-1378 Argued January 8, 1979 Decided April 30, 1979 441 U.S. 434 APPEAL FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF CALIFORNIA Syllabus Appellant Japanese shipping companies' vessels carry cargo containers which, like the ships, are owned by appellants, are based, registered, and subjected to property tax in Japan, and are used exclusively in foreign commerce. A number of appellants' containers were temporarily present in appellee county and cities in California, and appellees levied property taxes on the containers. The California Supreme Court upheld the tax as applied. Held: 1. This Court has appellate jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. 1257(2), since the California Supreme Court sustained the tax, as applied, as against the contention that such application would violate the Commerce Clause and various...
Tag this Judgment!Smith Vs. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-30-1979
Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local - 441 U.S. 463 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local, 441 U.S. 463 (1979) Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees, Local 1315 No. 78-1223 Decided April 30, 1979 441 U.S. 463 ON PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Held: The Arkansas State Highway Commission's refusal to consider employee grievances when filed by the union, rather than directly by an employee of the State Highway Department, does not violate the First Amendment. Even assuming that the Commission's procedure would constitute an unfair labor practice if the Commission were subject to the same labor laws applicable to private employers, and that its procedure tends to impair the effectiveness of the union in representing the economic interests of its members, nevertheless, this type of "impairment" is not one that the Constitution forbids, the Commission not having pro...
Tag this Judgment!Hughes Vs. Oklahoma
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-24-1979
Hughes v. Oklahoma - 441 U.S. 322 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Hughes v. Oklahoma, 441 U.S. 322 (1979) Hughes v. Oklahoma No. 77-1439 Argued January 9, 1979 Decided April 24, 1979 441 U.S. 322 APPEAL FROM THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF OKLAHOMA Syllabus An Oklahoma statute prohibits transporting or shipping outside the State for sale natural minnows seined or procured from waters within the State. Appellant, who holds a Texas license to operate a commercial minnow business in Texas, was charged with violating the Oklahoma statute by transporting from Oklahoma to Texas a load of natural minnows purchased from a minnow dealer licensed to do business in Oklahoma. Appellant's defense that the Oklahoma statute was unconstitutional because it was repugnant to the Commerce Clause was rejected, and he was convicted and fined. The Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals affirmed, relying on Geer v. Connecticut, 161 U. S. 519 , which had sustained against a Commerce Clause challenge a Co...
Tag this Judgment!Caban Vs. Mohammed
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-24-1979
Caban v. Mohammed - 441 U.S. 380 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Caban v. Mohammed, 441 U.S. 380 (1979) Caban v. Mohammed No.77-6431 Argued November 6, 1978 Decided April 24, 1979 441 U.S. 380 APPEAL FROM THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NEW YORK Syllabus Appellant and appellee Maria Mohammed lived together out of wedlock for several years in New York City, during which time two children were born. Appellant, who was identified as the father on the birth certificates, contributed to the children's support. After the couple separated, Maria took the children and married her present husband (also an appellee). During the next two years, appellant frequently saw or otherwise maintained contact with the children. Appellees subsequently petitioned for adoption of the children, and appellant filed a cross-petition. The Surrogate granted appellees' petition under 111 of the New York Domestic Relations Law, which permits an unwed mother, but not an unwed father, to block the adoption of their chi...
Tag this Judgment!North Carolina Vs. Butler
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-24-1979
North Carolina v. Butler - 441 U.S. 369 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court North Carolina v. Butler, 441 U.S. 369 (1979) North Carolina v. Butler No. 78-354 Argued March 27, 1979 Decided April 24, 1979 441 U.S. 369 CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF NORTH CAROLINA Syllabus Respondent, while under arrest for certain crimes and after being advised of his rights under Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U. S. 436 , made incriminating statements to the arresting officers. His motion to suppress evidence of these statements on the ground that he had not waived his right to assistance of counsel at the time the statements were made was denied by a North Carolina trial court, and he was subsequently convicted. The North Carolina Supreme Court reversed, holding that Miranda requires that no statement of a person under custodial interrogation may be admitted in evidence against him unless, at the time the statement was made, he explicitly waived the right to the presence of a lawyer. Held: An expl...
Tag this Judgment!Parham Vs. Hughes
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-24-1979
Parham v. Hughes - 441 U.S. 347 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Parham v. Hughes, 441 U.S. 347 (1979) Parham v. Hughes No. 78-3 Argued January 15, 1979 Decided April 24, 1979 441 U.S. 347 APPEAL FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF GEORGIA Syllabus A Georgia statute, while permitting the mother of an illegitimate child, or the father if he has legitimated the child and there is no mother, to sue for the wrongful death of the child, precludes a father who has not legitimated a child from so suing. Appellant, the father of an illegitimate child, whom he had not legitimated and who was killed, along with the mother, in an automobile accident, sued for the child's wrongful death, and the Georgia trial court, denying a summary judgment for the defendant (appellee), held that the statute violated both the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Georgia Supreme Court reversed, holding that the statutory classification was rationally related to three specified legit...
Tag this Judgment!Chrysler Corp. Vs. Brown
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Apr-18-1979
Chrysler Corp. v. Brown - 441 U.S. 281 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Chrysler Corp. v. Brown, 441 U.S. 281 (1979) Chrysler Corp. v. Brown No. 77-922 Argued November 8, 1978 Decided April 18, 1979 441 U.S. 281 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT Syllabus Petitioner, as a party to numerous Government contracts, was required to comply with Executive Orders 11246 and 11375, which charge the Secretary of Labor with ensuring that corporations that benefit from Government contracts provide equal employment opportunity regardless of race or sex. Regulations promulgated by the Department of Labor's Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) require Government contractors to furnish reports about their affirmative action programs and the general composition of their workforces, and provide that, notwithstanding exemption from mandatory disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), records obtained pursuant to Executive Order 11246 ...
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