Us Supreme Court Court July 1976 Judgments
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Buffalo Forge Co. Vs. Steelworkers
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-06-1976
Buffalo Forge Co. v. Steelworkers - 428 U.S. 397 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Buffalo Forge Co. v. Steelworkers, 428 U.S. 397 (1976) Buffalo Forge Co. v. United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO No. 75-339 Argued March 24, 1976 Decided July 6, 1976 428 U.S. 397 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT Syllabus After petitioner employer's "office clerical-technical" (O&T;) employees went on strike and picketed petitioner's plants during negotiations for a collective bargaining contract, petitioner's production and maintenance (P&M;) employees, who are represented by respondent unions, honored the O&T; picket lines and stopped work in support of the sister unions representing the O&T; employees. Petitioner then filed suit against respondents under 301(a) of the Labor Management Relations Act, claiming that the P&M; employees' work stoppage violated the no-strike clause in the collective bargaining contracts between petitioner and respondents, and t...
United States Vs. Martinez-fuerte
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-06-1976
United States v. Martinez-Fuerte - 428 U.S. 543 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court United States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 U.S. 543 (1976) United States v. Martinez-Fuerte No. 74-1560 Argued April 26, 1976 Decided July 6, 1976 * 428 U.S. 543 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT Syllabus 1. The Border Patrol's routine stopping of a vehicle at a permanent checkpoint located on a major highway away from the Mexican border for brief questioning of the vehicle's occupants is consistent with the Fourth Amendment, and the stops and questioning may be made at reasonably located checkpoints in the absence of any individualized suspicion that the particular vehicle contains illegal aliens. Pp. 428 U. S. 556 -564. (a) To require that such stops always be based on reasonable suspicion would be impractical because the flow of traffic tends to be too heavy to allow the particularized study of a given car necessary to identify it as a possible carrier of illegal...
South Dakota Vs. Opperman
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-06-1976
South Dakota v. Opperman - 428 U.S. 364 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court South Dakota v. Opperman, 428 U.S. 364 (1976) South Dakota v. Opperman No. 75-76 Argued March 29, 1976 Decided July 6, 1976 428 U.S. 364 CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF SOUTH DAKOTA Syllabus After respondent's car had been impounded for multiple parking violations the police, following standard procedures, inventoried the contents of the car. In doing so, they discovered marihuana in the glove compartment, for the possession of which respondent was subsequently arrested. His motion to suppress the evidence yielded by the warrantless inventory search was denied, and respondent was thereafter convicted. The State Supreme Court reversed, concluding that the evidence had been obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment as made applicable to the States by the Fourteenth. Held: The police procedures followed in this case did not involve an "unreasonable" search in violation of the Fourth Amendment. The expect...
Stone Vs. Powell
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-06-1976
Stone v. Powell - 428 U.S. 465 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Stone v. Powell, 428 U.S. 465 (1976) Stone v. Powell No. 74-1055 Argued February 24, 1976 Decided July 6, 1976 * 428 U.S. 465 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondent in No. 74-1055, was convicted of murder in state court, in part on the basis of testimony concerning a revolver found on his person when he was arrested for violating a vagrancy ordinance. The trial court rejected respondent's contention that the testimony should have been excluded because the ordinance was unconstitutional and the arrest therefore invalid. The appellate court affirmed, finding it unnecessary to pass upon the legality of the arrest and search because of the court's conclusion that the error, if any, in admitting the challenged testimony was harmless, beyond a reasonable doubt. Respondent then applied for habeas corpus relief in the Federal District Court, which concluded that the arresti...
United States Vs. Janis
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-06-1976
United States v. Janis - 428 U.S. 433 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court United States v. Janis, 428 U.S. 433 (1976) United States v. Janis No. 74-958 Argued December 8, 1975 Decided July 6, 1976 428 U.S. 433 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Based upon the affidavit of a police officer, a Los Angeles judge issued a search warrant, pursuant to which the police seized from respondent $4,940 in cash and certain wagering records. The officer advised the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that respondent had been arrested for bookmaking activity. Using a calculation based upon the seized evidence, the IRS assessed respondent for wagering excise taxes and levied upon the $4,940 in partial satisfaction. In the subsequent state criminal proceeding against respondent, the trial court found the police officer's affidavit defective, granted a motion to quash the warrant, and ordered the seized items returned to the respondent, except for the $4,940. R...
Cantor Vs. Detroit Edison Co.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-06-1976
Cantor v. Detroit Edison Co. - 428 U.S. 579 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Cantor v. Detroit Edison Co., 428 U.S. 579 (1976) Cantor v. Detroit Edison Co. No. 75-122 Argued January 14, 1976 Decided July 6, 1976 428 U.S. 579 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondent, a private utility that is the sole supplier of electricity in southeastern Michigan, also furnishes its residential customers, without additional charge, with almost 50% of the most frequently used standard-size light bulbs under a longstanding practice antedating state regulation of electric utilities. This marketing practice for light bulbs is approved, as part of respondent's rate structure, by the Michigan Public Service Commission, and may not be changed unless and until respondent files, and the Commission approves, a new tariff. Petitioner, a retail druggist selling light bulbs, brought an action against respondent, claiming that it was using its monopoly power i...
Woodson Vs. North Carolina
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-02-1976
Woodson v. North Carolina - 428 U.S. 280 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Woodson v. North Carolina, 428 U.S. 280 (1976) Woodson v. North Carolina No. 75-5491 Argued March 31, 1976 Decided July 2, 1976 428 U.S. 280 CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF NORTH CAROLINA Syllabus Following this Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia, 408 U. S. 238 , the North Carolina law that previously had provided that in cases of first-degree murder the jury in its unbridled discretion could choose whether the convicted defendant should be sentenced to death or life imprisonment was changed to make the death penalty mandatory for that crime. Petitioners, whose convictions of first-degree murder and whose death sentences under the new statute were upheld by the Supreme Court of North Carolina, have challenged the statute's constitutionality. Held: The judgment is reversed insofar as it upheld the death sentences, and the case is remanded. Pp. 428 U. S. 285 -305; 428 U. S. 305 -306; 428 U. S. 30...
Jurek Vs. Texas
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-02-1976
Jurek v. Texas - 428 U.S. 262 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Jurek v. Texas, 428 U.S. 262 (1976) Jurek v. Texas No. 75-5394 Argued March 30, 1976 Decided July 2, 1976 428 U.S. 262 CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TEXAS Syllabus Petitioner, who was convicted of murder and whose death sentence was upheld on appeal, challenges the constitutionality of the Texas procedures enacted after this Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia, 408 U. S. 238 . The new Texas Penal Code limits capital homicides to intentional and knowing murders committed in five situations. Texas also adopted a new capital sentencing procedure, which requires the jury to answer the following three questions in a proceeding that takes place after a verdict finding a person guilty of one of the specified murder categories: (1) whether the conduct of the defendant causing the death was committed deliberately and with the reasonable expectation that the death would result; (2) whether it is probable tha...
Roberts Vs. Louisiana
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-02-1976
Roberts v. Louisiana - 428 U.S. 325 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Roberts v. Louisiana, 428 U.S. 325 (1976) Roberts v. Louisiana No. 75-5844 Argued March 30-31, 1976 Decided July 2, 1976 428 U.S. 325 CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF LOUISIANA Syllabus Petitioner was found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to death under amended Louisiana statutes enacted after this Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia, 408 U. S. 238 . The Louisiana Supreme Court affirmed, rejecting petitioner's contention that the new procedure for imposing the death penalty is unconstitutional. The post- Furman legislation mandates imposition of the death penalty whenever, with respect to five categories of homicide (here, killing during the perpetration of an armed robbery), the jury finds the defendant had a specific intent to kill or to inflict great bodily harm. If a verdict of guilty of first-degree murder is returned, death is mandated regardless of any mercy recommendation. Every jury i...
Gregg Vs. Georgia
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Jul-02-1976
Gregg v. Georgia - 428 U.S. 153 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976) Gregg v. Georgia No. 74-6257 Argued March 31, 1976 Decided July 2, 1976 428 U.S. 153 CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF GEORGIA Syllabus Petitioner was charged with committing armed robbery and murder on the basis of evidence that he had killed and robbed two men. At the trial stage of Georgia's bifurcated procedure, the jury found petitioner guilty of two counts of armed robbery and two counts of murder. At the penalty stage, the judge instructed the jury that it could recommend either a death sentence or a life prison sentence on each count; that it was free to consider mitigating or aggravating circumstances, if any, as presented by the parties; and that it would not be authorized to consider imposing the death sentence unless it first found beyond a reasonable doubt (1) that the murder was committed while the offender was engaged in the commission of other capital felonies, v...
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