Us Supreme Court Court February 1950 Judgments
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Solesbee Vs. Balcom
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-20-1950
Solesbee v. Balcom - 339 U.S. 9 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court Solesbee v. Balcom, 339 U.S. 9 (1950) Solesbee v. Balcom No. 77 Argued November 15, 1949 Decided February 20, 1950 339 U.S. 9 APPEAL FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF GEORGIA Syllabus Where a state policy is against execution of a condemned convict who has become insane after conviction and sentence, it is not a denial of due process under the Fourteenth Amendment to vest discretionary authority in the Governor (aided by physicians) to determine whether a condemned convict has become insane after sentence and, if so, whether he should be committed to an insane asylum -- even though the Governor's decision is not subject to judicial review and the statute makes no provision for an adversary hearing at which the convict may appear in person or by counsel or through friends and cross-examine witnesses and offer evidence. Pp. 339 U. S. 9 -14. 205 Ga. 122, 52 S.E.2d 433, affirmed. In a habeas corpus proceeding, a Georgia trial...
District of Columbia Vs. Little
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-20-1950
District of Columbia v. Little - 339 U.S. 1 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court District of Columbia v. Little, 339 U.S. 1 (1950) District of Columbia v. Little No. 302 Argued January 11-12, 1950 Decided February 20, 1950 339 U.S. 1 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus Receiving information that respondent's home was in an unsanitary condition, a health officer went there, without a search warrant, for the purpose of inspecting it. Respondent was away and the door was locked, but she returned while the officer was standing outside the door. She protested his right to enter, claiming that it would violate her constitutional rights, and she refused to unlock the door; but she neither used nor threatened force of any kind. She was convicted of violating a District of Columbia regulation making it a misdemeanor to interfere with or prevent the inspection of any building reported to be in an unsanitary condition. Held: 1. Respond...
United States Vs. Rabinowitz
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-20-1950
United States v. Rabinowitz - 339 U.S. 56 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56 (1950) United States v. Rabinowitz No. 293 Argued January 11, 1950 Decided February 20, 1950 339 U.S. 56 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT Syllabus 1. Knowing that respondent had sold four forged postage stamps to a government agent and probably possessed many more in his one-room place of business which was open to the public, officers obtained a warrant for his arrest; but they did not obtain a search warrant. They arrested him in his place of business, searched the desk, safe, and file cabinets, and seized 573 forged stamps. He was indicted for possessing and concealing the stamps so seized and for selling the four that had been purchased. The seized stamps were admitted in evidence over his objection, and he was convicted on both counts. Held: The search and seizure were incident to a lawful arrest, they were not unreasonab...
Wong Yang Sung Vs. Mcgrath
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-20-1950
Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath - 339 U.S. 33 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath, 339 U.S. 33 (1950) Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath No. 154 Argued December 6, 1949 Decided February 20, 1950 339 U.S. 33 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus 1. Administrative hearings in proceedings for the deportation of aliens must conform to the requirements of the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 1001 et seq. Pp. 339 U. S. 35 -53. 2. The history of this Act discloses that it is remedial legislation which should be construed, so far as its text permits, to give effect to its remedial purposes where the evils it was aimed at appear. Pp. 339 U. S. 36 -41. 3. One of the fundamental purposes of the Act was to ameliorate the evils resulting from the practice of commingling in one person the duties of prosecutor and judge. Pp. 339 U. S. 41 -45, 339 U. S. 46 . 4. A hearing in a proceeding for the deportation of an ...
United States Vs. Benedict
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-13-1950
United States v. Benedict - 338 U.S. 692 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court United States v. Benedict, 338 U.S. 692 (1950) United States v. Benedict No. 45 Argued November 8, 1949 Decided February 13, 1950 338 U.S. 692 CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF CLAIMS Syllabus In 1944, trustees permanently set aside a charitable contribution from gains realized upon the disposition of capital assets held in the trust for more than six months. Pursuant to 117(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, they treated only 50% of these capital gains as income in computing the income of the trust. Held: under 162(a), only 50% of the charitable contribution (the proportionate part attributable to the taxable part of the capital gains) could be deducted in computing the federal income tax of the trust. Pp. 338 U. S. 692 -699. 112 Ct.Cl. 550, 81 F.Supp. 717, reversed. The Court of Claims awarded respondents a judgment for a refund of income taxes. 112 Ct.Cl. 550, 81 F.Supp. 717. This Court granted certiorari. ...
Cab Vs. State Airlines, Inc.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-06-1950
CAB v. State Airlines, Inc. - 338 U.S. 572 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court CAB v. State Airlines, Inc., 338 U.S. 572 (1950) Civil Aeronautics Board v. State Airlines, Inc. No. 157 Argued December 12, 1949 Decided February 6, 1950 * 338 U.S. 572 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus Under the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, the Civil Aeronautics Board consolidated 45 route applications of 25 air lines into one area proceeding. After hearings, it made findings of fact as to what new routes should be established and which of the applicants could best serve these routes. It entered orders authorizing certificates of convenience and necessity for several new routes in the area. One applicant was authorized to engage in air transportation along certain of these routes which were different from those described in its applications. Its applications requested authority to transport on "the routes detailed herein, or such modificatio...
United States Vs. Pacific Coast Wholesalers
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-06-1950
United States v. Pacific Coast Wholesalers - 338 U.S. 689 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court United States v. Pacific Coast Wholesalers, 338 U.S. 689 (1950) United States v. Pacific Coast Wholesalers' Association No. 113 Argued January 10, 1950 Decided February 6, 1950 338 U.S. 689 APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA Syllabus An association of wholesale automobile parts dealers organized and operated in good faith, on a nonprofit basis, for the purpose of effecting savings in freight charges for its members by securing the benefits of carload, truckload, or other volume rates, held exempt under 402(c)(1) of the Interstate Commerce Act from regulation by the Interstate Commerce Commission as a freight forwarder. Pp. 338 U. S. 690 -691. (a) The basis of the shipments -- whether f.o.b. destination (or delivered price) or f.o.b. origin -- is not determinative. P. 338 U. S. 691 . 81 F.Supp. 991 affirmed. A three-judge district co...
Chapman Vs. Sheridan-wyoming Coal Co., Inc.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-06-1950
Chapman v. Sheridan-Wyoming Coal Co., Inc. - 338 U.S. 621 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court Chapman v. Sheridan-Wyoming Coal Co., Inc., 338 U.S. 621 (1950) Chapman v. Sheridan-Wyoming Coal Co., Inc. No. 60 Argued January 9, 1950 Decided February 6, 1950 338 U.S. 621 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus 1. Under the Mineral Lands Leasing Act, the Secretary of the Interior leased coal mining rights in certain public lands to one lessee, and now proposes to lease similar rights in other public lands to a competitor operating coal mines on state lands which are nearing exhaustion. The first lessee sued to enjoin the proposed lease to its competitor. Its lease contained no express covenant not to lease other lands to competitors, but a regulation of the Secretary directs that leases be recommended "only in cases where there has been furnished a satisfactory showing that an additional coal mine is needed and that there is an actu...
Manning Vs. Seeley Tube and Box Co.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-06-1950
Manning v. Seeley Tube & Box Co. - 338 U.S. 561 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court Manning v. Seeley Tube & Box Co., 338 U.S. 561 (1950) Manning v. Seeley Tube & Box Co. No. 70 Argued November 17-18, 1949 Decided February 6, 1950 338 U.S. 561 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondent corporation filed a federal tax return for 1941 and timely paid the amount of the tax shown thereon. In 1943, after respondent had been adjudged a bankrupt, the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, using the accelerated procedure applicable in bankruptcy cases, assessed a deficiency in the 1941 tax with interest from the date the tax was properly due to the assessment date. Respondent subsequently filed its return for 1943, which disclosed a net operating loss for that year. Under the carry-back provision of the Internal Revenue Code, this loss was sufficient to abate completely respondent's tax liability for 1941. Held: respondent was not entitled to a re...
Secretary of Agriculture Vs. Central Roig Rfg. Co.
Court: US Supreme Court
Decided on: Feb-06-1950
Secretary of Agriculture v. Central Roig Rfg. Co. - 338 U.S. 604 (1950) U.S. Supreme Court Secretary of Agriculture v. Central Roig Rfg. Co., 338 U.S. 604 (1950) Secretary of Agriculture v. Central Roig Refining Co. No. 27 Argued October 17, 1949 Decided February 6, 1950 * 338 U.S. 604 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus 1. Section 205(a) of the Sugar Act of 1948 authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to make allotments of sugar quotas which may be marketed in the United States, and requires that he do so "in such manner and in such amounts as to provide a fair, efficient, and equitable distribution" of the quota, "by taking into consideration" (1) processings to which proportionate shares pertained, (2) past marketings, and (3) ability to market. In issuing Puerto Rico Sugar Order No. 18, which allotted among the various Puerto Rican refineries the 1948 quota of Puerto Rican refined sugar which could be marketed ...
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