United States Vs. Armstrong

Decided On : May-13-1996

Court : US Supreme Court

LAW: Rule 16(a)(I)(C, Rule 16(a)(2, the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause, Rule 16, Rule 16(a)(2, Constitution, the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment, Table 13, Speedy Trial Act, Rule 16's, Rule 16's, Constitution, Rule 16, Rule 16(a)(2, Rule 16

GPE: United States, Pp, Kentucky, United States, Pp, the United States, the United States, California, California, Id., United States, Newton, United States, United States, United States, United States, United States, United States, United States, China, California, San Francisco County, Id., San Francisco, Kentucky, Id., United States, United States, United States, United States, United States, United States, United States, the State of California, United States, pp, Maryland, United States, United States, pp, United States, United States, United States, United States, The United States, California, the United States, States, California, West Supp, California, California, California, Los Angeles, United States

ORG: Armstrong - 517, U.S. 456, Syllabus, ARMSTRONG ET AL, THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS, THE NINTH CIRCUIT No, The District Court, Government, banc Ninth Circuit, Government, Government, Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure, the Ninth Circuit, Government, Underwood, the Executive Branch, the Federal Government, Court, SOUTER, THOMAS, GINSBURG, BREYER, GINSBURG, BREYER, Court, Court, Court, Rozelle, Court, Government, Supp, the Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, the Narcotics Division of the, Inglewood, Police Department, the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation, the Washington Legal Foundation, the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., the Office of the Federal Public Defender, Government, The District Court, Government, the District Court's, Government, Drug Enforcement Administration, Jamaicans, J. Featherly & E. Hill, Crack Cocaine Overview, Harsher Crack Sentences Criticized, Los Angeles Times, District Court, the Court of Appeals, the Ninth Circuit, The Court of Appeals, the District Court's, the District Court, the Court of Appeals, Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure, the Court of Appeals, Fed, Respondents, Government, Oral Arg, Government, Government, Government, Government, Government, Chaney, United States, Nation, Chemical Foundation, Batchelder, Chemical Foundation, Government, Government, Government, the Equal Protection Clause, State, State, the Executive Branch, the Federal Government, Underwood, State, Government, the Courts of Appeals, Oral Arg, The Courts of Appeals, The Court of Appeals, Government, the Courts of Appeals, Parham, SEC, The Court of Appeals, the United States Sentencing Commission, United States Sentencing Comm'n, The Court of Appeals, Government, Government, the Court of Appeals, Court, Federal Rule of Criminal, Court, Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure, BREYER, J., Court, Court, Court, Court, Federal Rule of Criminal, Government, Fed, J. , Government, Government, Court, Court, Fed, Committee, Advisory Committee's Notes on Fed, Federal Practice, J. , Nobles, & R. Marcus, Federal Practice, Procedure § 2022, J. Ghent, Development, Court, Court, Court, Fed, The Advisory Committee's, Committee, Advisory Committee's Notes on Rule 16, Federal Practice, Government, Chemical Foundation, the Federal Government's, the Federal Government, the Federal Government, Court, Federal Practice, Chemical Foundation, Court, District Court, Court, Court, the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, the District Court's, See Advisory Committee's Notes on Rule 16, Court, the District Court, Court, the District Court's, the Court of Appeals, Court, the Anti-Drug Abuse Act, powder cocaine.2 The Sentencing Guidelines, United States Sentencing Commission, Congress, Cocaine, Federal Sentencing, § 841(b)(1)(A)(ii, See United States Sentencing Commission, Guidelines, the Federal Government, Hampton, Hampton, Hampton, Cal., Hampton, See Bureau of Justice Statistics,, the Federal Courts: Does, Sentencing Commission, the Federal Public Defender's Office, the Los Angeles County, Reed, Government, the District Court's, Court, the District Court, Government, the District Court, Government, The District Court, Government, The District Court, Government, Hinds County School Ed, CA5, the Sentencing Commission, the Sentencing Commission, Congress, Commission, Guidelines, Statement of Commission, Cocaine, Federal Sentencing Policy, Congress, the Sentencing Commission's, Congress, Commission

DATE: 1996, 1995, February 26, 1996-, May 13, 1996 , 48 F.3d 1508, 1007, 1007, 1007, April 1992, three months, 1991, the last three years, ten year, 1989, 1989, Nov. 23, 1992, 21 F.3d 1431, 1436, 1994, 1385, 1387, 1983, 1985, 1508, 1516, 1995, 1995, 1508, 1510, 1995, Proc. 16(a)(1)(C, 1992, 1995, 1985, 1985, 11 (1982, 1978, 1979, 1954, 1962, 1886, 14-15, 1905, Twenty years, 1986, 1985, 1984, 97-98, 1207, 1211, 1974, 1516, 846847, 1994, 1992, 1168, 1176, 1990, 1429, 1437-1438, CAlO 1988, 1986, 1271, 1277, 1985, 1516-1517, 1994, 1994, 1514, 1211, Rule 16(a)(1)(C, today, Proc. 16(a)(1)(C, Proc. 16(a)(1)(C, 16, 58, 70, 1969, 1975, 2d ed. 1994, 1947, 1971, 1963, 2d ed. 1982, 14 (1926, 1985, 2d ed. 1982, 1056, 1060, 1983, 1304, 1309, 1978, 1962, 48 F.3d 1508, 1520-1521, 1995, 1986, 10 years, Feb. 1995, 3207, 5-year, 5-year, one year, 20 years, Nov. 1995, 15-21 months, 21-27 months, as short as 12 years, 1993, June 24, 1992, five years, West 1988, 11370, 3-year, 1996, as little as six years, the first 18 months, Dec. 1993, 1991, 48 F. 3d, 1518, the previous three years, 48 F.3d 1508, 1511, 1995, 1969, 1987, May 1, 1995, October 1995

CARDINAL: 95, 471, 16, 461, 448, 456, 222, one, 181, 463, 471, 471, 471, 476, 458, more than 50, 846, three, seven, 459 , one, 24, 841, 846, 24, 150, 1, 2, 3, 4, 161, 1, at least two, One, 23, 119, 120, 460, 81, 103, one, 138, 141, 1, 208, three, 48 F.3d, 16, 16, 48 F.3d, 462, 30, 16(a)(1)(C, 16, 16(a)(1)(C, 16(a)(1)(C, 186, 203, 832, 607, 368, 380, 3, 547, 14, 357, 364, 125, One, 500, 448, 456, 465 , 373, 608, 607, 608, 456, 466 , 503, 507, 507, 374, 200, 80, 508, one, 222, 233, 229, at least 1.7, 227, 730, 614, 620, 96, one, 97, 5, 30, 501, 16, 844, 978, 52, 59-60, 919, 796, 49, 52, 778, three, 21, 1436.3, 48, 107, 45, 41, 15, one, 16, 475, 16(a)(1)(C, 462, 1, 2, 3, 4, two, 462, two, two, 1, 2, 3, three, 16, three, two, 473, 762, 254, 510, 513, 1, 2, 3, one, 225, 239, 324, 510, 465, 16, 462, 762, 763, 761, 16, 254, 81, 60, 459, 16(a)(1)(C, 16(a)(1)(C, one, 476 , 598, 608, 254, 66-67, 577, 548, 599, 600, 14, 448, 456, 469, 3, 477, 761, three, 478, 100, three to eight, 145, 2, 5, one, two, 3, 4, 14, 16, 12, 100, 100, 479, 129, half, four, three, three, four, 11351.5, an additional, 11370.2, three, 39, 161, 6, 24, 24, two, one, 140, 141, 470, 8, two, at least one, two, 468, 469, more than 3,500, 11, 11, zero, 417, 852, 858, 100, 366, 100, 198, 4, 109, 334, 2(a

MONEY: 457 , 461 , 463 , 464 , 468 , 469 , 470 , 472 Opinion, 474 Opinion, 475 , 480 , 481 , 482 , 483

PERSON: Oyler, Ah Sin, Batson, Hunter, Ah Sin, REHNQUIST, C. J., KENNEDY, J., J., J., J., STEVENS, J., Keeney, Dreeben, Irving L. Gornstein, Kathleen A. Felton, Barbara E. O'Connor, Martin et al., Maria E. Stratton, Timothy C. Lannen, David Dudley, Bernard J. Rosen, Eric Schnapper, Joseph F. Walsh, REHNQUIST, Armstrong, Hampton, Kent, F. Scheidegger, Daniel J. Popeo, Richard A. Samp, Briefs, al, David Cole, Judy Clarke, Nancy Hollander, al, Elaine R. Jones, Theodore M. Shaw, George H. Kendall, Steven R. Shapiro, Paralegal Specialist, Wayte, Rule Crim, Heckler, Wayte, Goodwin, Art, Hayes, Sharpe, Yick Wo , Wayte, Oyler, Ah Sin, Ah Sin, Ah Sin, Yick Wo, Ah Sin, Yick Wo, Ah Sin, Batson, Hunter, Hunter, Hunter, Hunter, Batson, C. E. Carlson, Greenwood, Circuits, GINSBURG, Ante, Rule Crim, Rule Crim, Rule Crim, C. Wright, A. Miller, Hickman , Taylor, Hickman, Taylor, Rule Civ, Brady, Rule, 2 C. Wright, Brady, Brady, Wayte, 2 C. Wright, Johnson, STEVENS, Wallace, USSG §§, Cal, preguideline, 138, David R. Reed, Armstrong, Reed, Reed, Reed, Ante, McCleskey, Kemp, J.

PRODUCT: Discovery, App, 710 F.2d, Discovery, 859, Notes, Notes, 706

PERCENT: 516 U. S., 516 U. S., 516 U. S., 21 U. S. C. §§ 841, 28 U. S. C. §§516, 118 U. S., More than 90%, 93.4%, 91%, 18 U. S. C. App, 18 U. S. C. App, 21 U. S. C. § 841, 65%, only 4%, Eighty-eight percent, over 40%

LOC: the Central District, Central District, Executive, the Central District, the Central District, the District Judge, the Central District

QUANTITY: 124.3 grams, 100 grams, 516 U. S. 942, 48 F. 3d, 48 F. 3d, 8 C. Wright, 35 A. L. R. 3d, one gram, 100 grams, 50 grams, 5,000 grams, 500 grams, 5 grams, 50 grams, 5 grams, 10 grams, 50 grams

NORP: amici, amici, hispanic, Haitians, d., d., Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, d., d., d., d., d., African-Americans, caucasians, §, §, §, d., §, §

ORDINAL: first, first, second, third, first, second, third, First, Second, first, second

WORK_OF_ART: Special Report 163, Special Report 138.7, Special Report

EVENT: Guideline