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Income Tax Act, 1961 Chapter III

Title: Incomes Which Do Not Form Part of Total Income

State: Central

Year: 1961

.....1] : For the purposes of this sub-clause, the expression industrial undertaking means any undertaking which is engaged in (a) the manufacture or processing of goods; or 53[(aa) the manufacture of computer software or recording of programme on any disc, tape, perforated media or other information device; or] (b) the business of generation or distribution of electricity or any other form of power; or 54[(ba) the business of providing telecommunication services; or] (c) mining; or (d) the construction of ships; or 55[(da) the business of ship-breaking; or] (e) the operation of ships or aircrafts or construction or operation of rail systems; 56[Explanation 1A : For the purposes of this sub-clause, the expression interest shall not include interest paid on delayed payment of loan or on default if it is in excess of two per cent per annum over the rate of interest payable in terms of such loan.] 57[Explanation 2 : For the purposes of this clause, the expression interest includes hedging transaction charges on account of currency fluctuation;] (v) interest on (a) securities held by the Welfare Commissioner, Bhopal Gas Victims, Bhopal, in the Reserve.....

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Indian Contract Act, 1872 Section 56

Title: Agreement to Do Impossible Act

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....A goes mad. The contract becomes void. (c) A contracts to marry B, being already married to C, and being forbidden by the law to which he is subject to practice polygamy, A must make compensation to B for the loss caused to her by the non-performance of his promise. (d) A contracts to take in cargo for B at a foreign port. A's Government afterwards declares war against the country in which the port is situated. The contract becomes void when war is declared. (e) A contracts to act at a theatre for six months in consideration of a sum paid in advance by B. On several occasions A is too ill to act. The contract to act on those occasions becomes void. ______________________ 1 . See section 65, infra.

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Bombay Aerial Ropeways Act, 1955, (Maharashtra) Section 36

Title: Maliciously Doing, Abetting or Attempting to Do, Acts Endangering Safety of Persons Travelling or Being Upon Aerial Ropeway

State: Maharashtra

Year: 1955

If any person does anything mentioned in clause (a), (b) or (c) of section 35 or does, attempts to do, or abets, within the meaning of the Indian Penal Code, the doing of any other act or thing in relation to an aerial ropeway with intent or with knowledge that he is likely to endanger the safety of any person travelling or being upon the aerial ropeway, he shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to fourteen years.

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Indian Contract Act, 1872 Section 57

Title: Reciprocal Promise to Do Things Legal, and Also Other Things Illegal

State: Central

Year: 1872

Where persons reciprocally promise, firstly, to do certain things which are legal, and, secondly, under specified circumstances to do certain other things which are illegal, the first set of promises is a contract, but the second is a void agreement. Illustration A and B agree that A shall sell B a house for 10,000 rupees, but that, if B uses it as a gambling house, he shall pay A 50,000 rupees for it. The first, set of reciprocal promises, namely, to sell the house and to pay 10,000 rupees for it, is a contract. The second set is for an unlawful object, namely, that B may use the house as a gambling house, and is a void agreement.

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Indian Contract Act, 1872 Section 224

Title: Non-liability of Employer of Agent to Do a Criminal Act

State: Central

Year: 1872

Where one person employs another to do an act which is criminal, the employer is not liable to the agent, either upon an express or an implied promise, to indemnify him against the consequences of that Act.1 Illustration (a) A employs B to beat C, and agrees to indemnify him against all consequences of the act. B thereupon beats C, and has to pay damages to C for so doing. A is not liable to indemnify B for those damages. (b) B, the proprietor of a newspaper, publishes, at A's request, a libel upon C in the paper, and A agrees to indemnify B against the consequences of the publication, and all costs and damages of any action in respect thereof. B is sued by C and has to pay damages, and also incurs expenses. A is not liable to B upon the indemnity. _______________________ 1. See, section 24, supra.

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Indian Easements Act, 1882 Section 24

Title: Right to Do Acts to Secure Enjoyment

State: Central

Year: 1882

.....detriment to the dominant owner, to cause the servient owner as little inconvenience as possible; and the dominant owner must repair, as far as practicable, the damage (if any) caused by the act to the servient heritage. Accessory rights.--Rights to do acts necessary to secure the full enjoyment of an easement are called accessory rights. Illustrations (a) A has an easement to lay pipes in B's land to convey water to A's cistern. A may enter and dig the land in order to mend the pipes, but he must restore the surface to its original state. (b) A has an easement of a drain through B's land. The sewer with which the drain communicates is altered. A may enter upon B's land and after the drain, to adapt it to the new sewer, provided that he does not thereby impose any additional burden on B's land. (c) A as owner of a certain house, has a right of way over B's land. The way is out of repair, or a tree is blown it own and falls across it. A may enter on B's land and repair the way or remove the tree from it. (d) A as owner of a certain field, has a right of way over B's land. B renders the way impassable A may deviate from the way and pass over the adjoining land to B.....

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Indian Easements Act, 1882 Section 27

Title: Servient Owner Not Bound to Do Anything

State: Central

Year: 1882

.....as against the dominant owner, to use the servient heritage in any way consistent with the enjoyment of the easement; but he must not do any act tending to restrict the easement or to render its exercise less convenient. Illustrations (a) A, as owner of a house has a right to lead water and send sewage through B's land. B is not bound, as servient owner, to clear the water course or scour the sewer. (b) A grants a right of way through his land to B as owner of a field. A may feed his cattle on grass growing on the way, provided that B's right of way is not thereby obstructed; but he must not build a wall at the end of his land so as to prevent B from going beyond it, nor must he narrow the way so as to render the exercise of the right less easy than it was at the date of the grant. (c) A, in respect of his house, is entitled to an easement of support from B's wall. B is not hound, as servient owner to keep the wall standing and in repair. But he must not pull down or weaken the wall so as to make it incapable of rendering the necessary support. (d) A, in respect of his mill, is entitled to a water course through B's land. A must not drive stakes so as to.....

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Works of Defence Act, 1903 Section 4

Title: Power to Do Preliminary Acts After Publication of Notice Under Section 3, Sub-section (2)

State: Central

Year: 1903

.....by general or special order, authorise in this behalf, and for his servants and workmen, at any time after publication of the notice mentioned in section 3, sub-section (2), to enter upon and survey and take levels of any land in such locality, to dig or bore into the sub-soil, to do all other acts necessary to ascertain whether any and, if so, what restrictions should be imposed on the use and enjoyment of the land, to set out the boundaries of the land upon the use and enjoyment of which restrictions are to be imposed, or of any part of such land, to mark such levels, boundaries and line by placing marks and cutting trenches, and, where otherwise the survey cannot be completed and the levels taken and the boundaries and line marked, to cut down and clear away any part of any standing crop, fence or jungle : Provided that no person shall enter into any building or upon any enclosed court or garden attached to a dwelling-house (unless with the consent of the occupier thereof) without previously giving such occupier at least seven days' notice in writing of his intention to do so. _______________________ 1. Substituted for the words "Local Government" by A.O., 1937.....

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New Delhi Municipal Council Act 1994 Section 299

Title: Conditions of Service of Sweepers Employed for Doing House Scavenging

State: Central

Year: 1994

No sweeper, being employed for doing house scavenging of any building shall discontinue to do such house scavenging without reasonable cause or without having fourteen days' notice to his employer.

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Mines Act, 1952 Section 85A

Title: Persons Required to Give Notice, Etc., Legally Bound to Do So

State: Central

Year: 1952

1[85A. Persons required to give notice, etc., legally bound to do so Every person required to give any notice or to furnish any information to any authority under this Act shall be legally bound to do so within the meaning of section 176 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860)]. ______________________ 1 . Inserted by Act 62 of 1959, section 48 (w.e.f. 16-1-1960).

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