In awarding a sentence of death, a court- martial shall, in its discretion, direct that the offender shall suffer death by being hanged by the neck until he be dead or shall suffer death by being shot to death.
Section 164 - Commencement of sentence of transportation or imprisonment
Whenever any person is sentenced by a court-martial under this Act to transportation, imprisonment or detention the term of his sentence shall, whether it has been revised or not, be reckoned to commence on the day on which the original proceedings were signed by the presiding officer.
Section 165 - Execution of sentence of transportation
Whenever any sentence of transportation is passed under this Act or whenever any sentence of death be commuted to transportation, the commanding officer of the person under sentence or such other officer as may be prescribed shall forward a warrant in the prescribed form to the officer-in-charge of the civil prison in which such person is to be confined and shall arrange for his despatch to such prison with the warrant.
Section 166 - Execution of sentence of imprisonment
(1) Whenever any sentence of imprisonment is passed under this Act or whenever any sentence of death or transportation is commuted to imprisonment, the confirming officer or such other officer as may be prescribed, shall, save as otherwise provided in sub-sections (3) and (4), direct either that the sentence shall be carried out by confinement in a military or air force prison or that it shall be carried out by confinement in a civil prison.
(2) When a direction has been made under sub-section (1) the commanding officer of the person under sentence or such other officer as may be prescribed shall forward a warrant in the prescribed form to the officer-in-charge of the prison in which such person is to be confined and shall arrange for his despatch to such prison with the warrant.
(3) In the case of a sentence of imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months, the officers referred to in sub-section (1) may direct that the sentence shall be carried out by confinement in air force custody instead of in a civil or military or air force prison.
(4) On active service, a sentence of imprisonment may be carried out by confinement in such place as the officer commanding the forces in the field may, from time to time, appoint. '
Section 167 - Temporary custody of offender
Where a sentence of transportation or imprisonment is directed to be undergone in a civil prison, the offender may be kept in military or air force custody or in any other fit place, till such time as it is possible to send him to a civil prison.
Section 168 - Execution of sentence of imprisonment in special cases
(1) Whenever any sentence of imprisonment is passed under this Act or whenever any sentence of death or transportation is commuted to imprisonment, the confirming officer or such other officer as may be prescribed, shall, save as otherwise provided in sub-sections (3) and (4), direct either that the sentence shall be carried out by confinement in a military or air force prison or that it shall be carried out by confinement in a civil prison.
(2) When a direction has been made under sub-section (1) the commanding officer of the person under sentence or such other officer as may be prescribed shall forward a warrant in the prescribed form to the officer-in-charge of the prison in which such person is to be confined and shall arrange for his despatch to such prison with the warrant.
(3) In the case of a sentence of imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months, the officers referred to in sub-section (1) may direct that the sentence shall be carried out by confinement in air force custody instead of in a civil or military or air force prison.
(4) On active service, a sentence of imprisonment may be carried out by confinement in such place as the officer commanding the forces in the field may, from time to time, appoint. '
Section 169 - Conveyance of prisoner from place to place
A person under sentence of transportation or imprisonment may, during his conveyance from place to place, or when on board a ship, aircraft, or otherwise, be subjected to such restraint as is necessary for his safe conduct and removal.
Section 170 - Execution of sentence of detention
Whenever any sentence of detention is passed under this Act, or whenever any sentence of death, transportation or imprisonment is commuted to detention, the sentence shall be carried out by detaining the offender in any military or air force detention barracks, detention cells or other military or air force custody; and when the sentence is to be carried out by detention in any military or air force detention barracks, the commanding officer of the person under sentence or such other officer as may be prescribed shall forward a warrant in the prescribed form to the officer-in-charge of the detention barracks in which the person under sentence is to be detained and shall forward the person under sentence to such detention barracks with the warrant.
Section 171 - Communication of certain orders to prison officers
Whenever an order is duly made under this Act setting aside or varying any sentence, order or warrant under which any person is confined in a civil, military or air force prison or detained in a military or air force detention barracks, a warrant in accordance with such order shall be forwarded by the officer making the order, or his staff officer, or such other person as may be prescribed, to the officer in charge of the prison or detention barracks in which such person is confined.
Section 172 - Execution of sentence of fine
When a sentence of fine is imposed by a court-martial under section 71 whether the trial was held within India or not, a copy of such sentence, signed and certified by the confirming officer may be sent to any magistrate in India, and such magistrate shall thereupon cause the fine to be recovered in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, or any corresponding law in force in1[the State of Jammu and Kashmir], for the levy of fines as if were a sentence of fine imposed by such Magistrate.
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1. Substituted for the words "a Part B State" by 3 A.L.O., 1956.
Section 173 - Establishment and regulation of air force prisons
The Central Government may set apart any building or part of a building, or any place under its control, as an air force prison or detention barracks for the confinement of persons sentenced to imprisonment or detention under this Act.
Section 174 - Informality or error in the order or warrants
Whenever a person is sentenced to transportation, imprisonment or detention under this Act, and is undergoing the sentence in any place or manner in which he might be confined under a lawful order or warrant in pursuance of this Act, the confinement of such person shall not be deemed to be illegal only by reason of any informality or error in or as respects the order, warrant or other document, or the authority by which, or in pursuance whereof such person was brought into or is confined in any such place, and any such order, warrant or document may be amended accordingly.
Section 175 - Power to make rules in respect of prisons and prisoners
The Central Government may make rules providing .--
(a) for the government, management and regulation of ail force prisons and detention barracks;
(b) for the appointment, removal and power of inspectors, visitors, governors and officers thereof;
(c) for the labour of prisoners undergoing confinement therein, and for enabling such prisoners or, persons to earn by special industry and good conduct; a remission of a portion of their sentence;
(d) for the safe custody of such prisoners or persons and the maintenance of discipline among them and the punishment, by personal correction, restraint or otherwise, of offences committed by them;
(e) for the application to air force prisons or detention barracks of any of the provisions of the Prisons Act, 1894 (IX of 1894), relating to the duties of officers of prisons and the punishment of persons not being prisoners;
(f) for the admission into any prison, at proper times and subject, to proper restrictions, of person's with whom prisoners may desire to communicate and
for the consultation by prisoners under trial' with their legal advisers without the presence as far as possible of any third party within hearing distance.
Section 176 - Restriction of rule-making power in respect to corporal punishment
Rules made under section 175 shall not authorise corporal punishment to be inflicted for any offence, nor render the imprisonment more severe than it is under any law for the time being in force relating to civil prisons in India.