Title Covenants For - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: title covenants for Page: 3Usual Covenants
Usual Covenants, covenants usually inserted in deeds having a similar scope to that in respect of which a question arises. The phrase occurs most frequently in connection with agreements for leases stipulating that the lease when granted shall contain 'all usual covenants.' What these are is a question of fact, but it may perhaps be laid down that at the present day covenants by the lessee to pay rent, to pay taxes, and to repair, and a qualified covenant by the lessor for quiet enjoyment (see that title), are usual, but that no others are, and in particular that the covenant not to assign or underlet without the leave of the lessor is not: see Hampshire v. Wickens, (1878) 7 Ch D 555; Re Lander, (1892) 3 Ch 41.A proviso for re-entry on breach of covenants generally is not 'usual,' but a proviso for re-entry on breach of the covenant to pay rent is: see per James, LJ, in Hodgkinson v. Crowe, (1875) LR 10 Ch 622; Re Anderton, (1890) 45 Ch D 476.Usual terms, a phrase in the Common Law pra...
owner
owner : one with an interest in and often dominion over property: as a : legal owner in this entry b : one with the right to exclusive use, control, or possession of property c : a purchaser under a contract for the sale of real property see also equitable owner in this entry beneficial owner 1 : one holding a beneficial interest in a trust compare beneficial interest at interest 2 : one enjoying the benefit of property of which another is the legal owner [was the beneficial owner of property held by the parent corporation] 3 : one who has or shares the power to control the voting or investment of stock [was considered the beneficial owner of stock held by her minor children] equitable owner : one (as a beneficiary of a trust) who is considered to have rights or obligations of an owner regardless of legal title on the ground of equity [do not have legal title but, upon execution of the contract, they became equitable owners and have power to sue to protect their land "Desse...
covenant
covenant 1 : an official agreement or compact [an international on human rights] 2 a : a contract in its entirety or a promise within a contract for the performance or nonperformance of a particular act [a not to sue] ;specif : a promise relating to the transfer, possession, or ownership of real property see also covenant not to compete, restrictive covenant b : a warranty in a deed assuring the grantee esp. against defects in title [a for quiet enjoyment] see also run 3 : a common-law action to recover damages for breach of a contract under seal compare assumpsit, debt covenant vb ...
Equity
Equity [fr. 'quitas, Lat.] There is some confusion as to the meaning of Equity; as a scheme of jurispru-dence distinct from Law 'Equity' is an equivocal term; the difficulty lies in drawing the dividing lines between the several senses in which it is used. They may be distinguished thus:-(1) Taken broadly and philosophically, Equity means to do to all men as we would they should do unto us-by the Justinian Pandects, honeste vivere, alterum non l'dere, suum cuique tribuere. It is clear that human tribunals cannot cope with so wide a range or duties.(2) Taken in a less universal sense, Equity is used in contradistinction to strict law. This is Moral Equity, which should be the genius of every kind of human jurisprudence; since it expounds and limits the language of the positive laws, and construes them not according to their strict letter, but rather in their reasonable and benignant spirit.Aristotle, in his discussion concerning Moral Equity, Ethics Eud., b.v., c. x, calls it the correc...
Tamashuk sarti kebala
Tamashuk sarti kebala, in law Lexicon, P. Ramanatha Iyer gives the following meanings to the word 'kebala'; 'Any deed of conveyance or transfer of right or property, any contract of bargain or sale, a bond, a bill sale, title-deeds, and the like'. Even accepting the widest meaning given to that word, the expression can only mean a bond or a contract by way of conditional sale. So trans-lated the expression is consistent with a mortgage, as well as with a sale and therefore that is a neutral circumstance, Bhoju Mandal v. Debnath Bhagat, AIR 1963 SC 1906 (1908): (1963) 2 Supp SCR 82. (Transfer of Property Act, 1882, s. 58)Words if literally translated, they would mean 'a bond by way of conditional sale', Bhoju Mondal v. Debnath Bhagat, AIR 1963 SC 1906 (1908). [Transfer of Property Act, 1882, s. 58]...
Landlord and tenant
Landlord and tenant. A tenancy arises when the owner of an estate inland, called the lessor or landlord, agrees expressly or by implication to allow another person, called the lessee or tenant, to enjoy the exclusive possession and use of the land for a period less than the landlord's estate in it, generally upon payment of rent. The landlord's estate is called the reversion, and at common law, a power of distress for rent is incident to the reversion.Leases or tenancies may be (1) for any agreed period such as for years or less, e.g., for a year, half-year, quarter or week; (2) from year to year; (3) at will; (4) on sufferance; or (5) they may arise upon estoppel; or (6) exist by force of a statute (see LEASE; INCREASE OF RENT). In a narrower sense the words 'tenancy' and 'landlord and tenant' are generally restricted to lease of a house or land for occupational purposes. If nothing appears to the contrary, either expressly or by implication, in the lease or agreement, the landlord is...
Pawn or Pledge
Pawn or Pledge [fr. pignus, Lat.], a bailment of goods by a debtor to his creditor, to be kept till the debt is discharged.A mortgage of goods is in the Common Law distinguishable from a mere pledge or pawn. By a mortgage the whole legal title passes conditionally to the mortgagee; and if the goods be not redeemed at the stipulated time, the title becomes absolute at law although equity allows a redemption. But in a pledge, a special property only passes to the pledgee, the general property remaining in the pledgor. Also, in the case of a pledge, the right of a pledgee is not consummated, except by possession; and, ordinarily, when that possession is relinquished, the right of the pledgee is extinguished or waived. But, in the case of a mortgage of personal property the right of property passes by the conveyance to the mortgagee, and the possession is not or may not be essential to create or support the title.As to things which may be the subject of pawn: These are, ordinarily, goods a...
Notice
Notice, the making something known to a person of which he was or might be ignorant. Notice is either (1) statutory; (2) actual, which brings the knowledge of a fact directly home to the party; or (3) constructive or implied, which is no more than evidence of facts which raise such a strong presumption of notice that equity will not allow the presumption to be rebutted. [S. 154, I.P.C. and Art. 61(2)(a) const. 56 Indian Evidence Act]Constructive notice may be subdivided into: (a) where the facts of which actual evidence is supplied give rise to a further enquiry which a man exercising ordinary caution would make equity has added constructive notice of the facts, which that inquiry would have elicited; and (b) where there has been a designed abstinence from inquiry for the very purpose of avoiding notice. See CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE.A purchaser with notice may protect himself by purchasing the title of another bona fide purchaser for a valuable consideration without notice; for, otherwise, ...
Salary or wages
Salary or wages, means all remuneration (other than remuneration in respect of over-time work) capable of being expressed in terms of money, which would, if the terms of employment, express or implied, were fulfilled, be payable to an employee in respect of his employment or of work done in such employment and includes dearness allowance (that is to say, all cash payments, by whatever name called, paid to an employee on account of a rise in the cost of living), but does not include--(i) any other allowance which the employee is for the time being entitled to;(ii) the value of any house accommodation or of supply of light, water, medical attendance or other amenity or of any service or of any concessional supply of foodgrains or other articles.(iii) any travelling concession;(iv) any bonus (including incentive, production and attendance bonus);(v) any contribution paid or payable by the employer to any pension fund or provident fund or for the benefit of the employee under any law for t...
Bill of Lading
Bill of Lading, a memorandum signed by masters of ships, in their capacity of carriers, acknowledging the receipt of merchants' goods, of which there are usually three parts-one kept by the consignor, one sent to the consignee, and one preserved by the master. It is the evidence of the title to the goods shipped; and by its endorsement and delivery, the transfer of the property in the goods specified therein is generally effected. By the Bills of Lading Act, 1855, the rights of suit under a bill of lading vest in the consignee or endorsee (as if the contract contained in the bill of lading had been made with himself) without prejudice to any right of stoppage in transitu or to freight. See (English) Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1924 (14 & 15 Geo. 5, c. 22), and Carver on Carriage by Sea.A bill of lading is 'a writing, signed on behalf of the owner of the ship in which goods are embarked, acknowledging the receipt of the goods, and undertaking to deliver them at the end of the voyage s...
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