Stare Decisis - Law Dictionary Search Results

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Stare decisis

Stare decisis, to abide by authorities or cases already adjudicated upon.The doctrine of precedent , under which it is necess-ary for a court to follow earlier judicial decisions when some points arise again in litigation, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1414.Stare decisis is a well-known doctrine in legal jurisprudence. The doctrine of stare decisis, meaning to stand by decided cases, rests upon the principle that law by which men are governed should be fixed, definite and known, and that, when the law is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction authorised to construe it, such declaration, in absence of palpable mistake or error, is itself evidence of the law until changed by competent authority. It requires that rules of law when clearly announced and established by a court of last resort should not be lightly disregarded and set aside but should be adhered to and followed. What it precludes is that where a principle of law has become established by a series of decisions, i...

stare decisis

stare decisis [New Latin, to stand by things that have been settled] : the doctrine under which courts adhere to precedent on questions of law in order to insure certainty, consistency, and stability in the administration of justice with departure from precedent permitted for compelling reasons (as to prevent the perpetuation of injustice) ...

Incuria

Incuria, literally means 'carelessness'. In practice per incuriam appears to mean per ignoratum. English courts have developed this principle in relaxation of the rule of stare decisis. The quotable in law is avoided and ignored if it is rendered, 'in ignoratium of a statute or other binding authority, Young v. Bristol Aeroplace Co. Ltd., (1944) 2 All ER 293: 1944 KB 718.literally means 'carelessness', State of Uttar Pradesh v. Synthetics and Chemicals Ltd., (1991) 4 SCC 139.literally means 'carelessness', Mayuram Subramanian Srinivasan, (2006) 5 SCC 752.Incuria, literally means 'carelessness' . In practice per incuriam is taken to mean per ignoratium. English courts have developed this principle in relaxation of the rule of stare decisis. The 'quotable in law', as held in Young v. Bristol Aeroplane Co. Ltd., 1944 KB 718 is avoided and ignored if it is rendered 'in ignoratium of a statute or other binding authority'. Same has been accepted, approved and adopted by this Court while inte...

dictum

dictum pl: dic·ta [-tə] [Latin, utterance, from neuter of dictus, past participle of dicere to say] : a view expressed by a judge in an opinion on a point not necessarily arising from or involved in a case or necessary for determining the rights of the parties involved called also obiter dictum compare holding, judgment, precedent, stare decisis NOTE: Dicta have persuasive value in making an argument, but they are not binding as precedent. ...

jurisprudence constante

jurisprudence constante [French, uniform jurisprudence] : a doctrine in the civil law of Louisiana: a long series of previous decisions applying a particular rule of law carries great weight and may be determinative in subsequent cases ;also : the rule of law applied in the jurisprudence constante compare stare decisis ...

precedent

precedent [Middle French, from Latin praecedent- praecedens, present participle of praecedere to go ahead of, come before] : prior in time, order, arrangement, or significance see also condition precedent at condition compare subsequent [pre-səd-nt] n : a judicial decision that should be followed by a judge when deciding a later similar case see also stare decisis compare dictum NOTE: To serve as precedent for a pending case, a prior decision must have a similar question of law and factual situation. If the precedent is from the same or a superior jurisdiction (as the state's supreme court), it is binding upon the court and must be followed; if the precedent is from another jurisdiction (as another state's supreme court), it is considered only persuasive. Precedents may be overruled esp. by the same court that originally rendered the decision. ...

Per incuriam

Per incuriam, are those decisions given in ignorance or forgetfulness of some inconsistent (sic) statutory provision or of some authority binding on the court concerned, so that in such case some part of the decision or some step in the reasoning on which it is based, is found, on that account to be demonstr-ably wrong, A.R. Antulay v. R.S. Nayak, (1998) 2 SCC 602: 1988 SCC (Cri) 372.Per incuriam, through want of care. An order of the Court obviously made through some mistake or under some misapprehension is said to be made per incuriam.Incuria literally means 'carelessness'. In practice per incuriam appears to mean per ignoratium. English courts have developed this principle in relaxation of the rule of stare decisis. The 'quotable in law' is avoided and ignored if it rendered, 'in ignoratium of a statute or other binding authority', Young v. Bristol Aeroplance Co. Ltd., foll.; State of Uttar Pradesh v. Synthtics and Chemicals Ltd., (1991) 4 SCC 139 (162)....

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