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Home Dictionary Name: record conveyances by Page: 2Uses
Uses (History). A use is the intention or purpose, express or implied, upon which property is to be held. The Common Law treated the actual possessor for all purposes as the owner of the property. It was not difficult to find him out, since the possession of his estate was conferred upon him by a formal and notorious ceremony, technically called livery of seisin, which was performed openly and in the presence of the people of the locality.It soon became evident that the simple rules of the Common Law were stumbling-blocks to the complicated wants of an enterprising people.Hence ingenuity was sharpened to hit upon a device which should set at nought the rigidity of existing law and formalities.A system was found by the monastic jurists upon a model furnished by the Civil Law, which, by a nice adaptation, evaded, without overturning, the Common Law. Two methods of transferring realty began to co-exist in this country-the ancient Common Law system, and the later invention, which is denomi...
Service
Service [fr. servitium, Lat.], that duty which a tenant, by reason of his estate, owes to his lord. There are many divisions of this duty in our ancient law books, as into personal and real, which is either urbane or rustic, free and base, continua land annual, casual and accidental, intrinsic and extrinsic, certain and uncertain, etc. see TENURE.The formal delivery of a writ, summons of other legal process 2. The formal delivery of some other legal notice such as pleading, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1372.The formal mode of bringing a writ or other process, or a notice in a suit, to the knowledge of the person affected by it.The service of writs of summons is regulated by (English) R.S.C. 1883, Ord. IX., which by r. 1 dispenses wit service, when (as is usual) the defendant, by his solicitor, agrees to accept service, and enters an appearance. By r. 2, service, when required, must be personal, unless an order for 'substituted service, or the substitution of notice for service,...
Copyhold
Copyhold. Tenure in copyhold has been abolished under the (English) L.P. Acts, 1922 and 1925, and the Amending Acts of 1924 and 1926, but the greater part of the former title on this subject has been retained verbatim in view of the importance of the subject in examining titles. In the previous edition of this work, copyhold was described as a base tenure founded upon immemorial custom and usage; its origin is undiscoverable, but it is said to be the ancient villeinage modified and changed by the commutation of base services into specified rents, either in money or money's worth.A copyhold estate is a parcel of the demesnes of a manor held at the lord's will, and according to the custom of such manor. The tenant may have the same quantities of interest in this tenure as he may enjoy in freeholds, as an estate in fee-simple or (by particular custom) fee-tail, or for life, and he may have only a chattel interest of an estate for years in it. By the custom of some manors, the estate devol...
Charitable uses and trusts
Charitable uses and trusts. 9 Geo. 2, c. 26, commonly called 'The Mortmain Act,' 1735, after reciting that ifts or alienations of land in mortmain (see MORTMAIN) were prohibited by Magna Charta and other whole-some laws as prejudicial to the common utility, and that such public mischief had greatly increased by many large and improvident dispositions, made by languishing or dying persons to charitable uses, to take place after their deaths to the disherison of their lawful heirs, enacted that no lands or other hereditaments whatsoever, nor money, or personal estate to be laid out in land should be given to any person or bodies corporate, or charged by any person in trust, for any charitable uses, unless such gift, etc., should be made by deed (thus entirely excluding gifts by will) executed twelve months before the death of the donor and be enrolled in the court of Chancery within six calendar months after execution, and be without any power of revocation for the benefit of the donor.T...
Bargain and sale
Bargain and sale, A contract for the sale of real or personal property of any kind operating under the Statute of Uses as a conveyance of the land, or at Common Law, from early times of goods sold without delivery, the vendor of land being held originally to possess or be seised of the property to the use of the purchaser. In the case of goods the Common Law rule was and is that the property may be transferred by the contract if the parties so intend [see Ogg v. Shuter, (1875) LR 10 CP at p.162; and (English) Sale of Goods Act, 1893, s. 20]. In the case of land a similar result was effected by the Statute of Uses (27 Hen. 8, c. 101), which attached the property to the use and turned it into a legal estate. No formalities were required for a bargain and sale of lands until 27 Hen. 8, c. 16, required that bargains and sales of any estate of inheritance must be by deed enrolled within six months in the records of one of the King's Courts at Westminster. The devise of a lease and release (...
Abstract of title
Abstract of title. A concise statement, usually prepared for a mortgagee or purchaser of real property, summarising the history of a piece of land including all conveyances interests, lines & encumbrances that reflect title to property, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., an epitome of the evidence of title to property or power to deal with it.Every purchaser of land or real estate has an implied right to have an abstract of title delivered to him within a reasonable time, Compton v. Bagley, (1892) 1 Ch 313. As to registered land, see the Land Registration Act, 1925, s. 110, and Brickdale and Stewart-Wallace on the Land Registration Act, 1925.An abstract is said to be perfect if it deduces the title from the date fixed by the contract or by statute for its commencement and discloses every incumbrance affecting it, by setting out the material parts of all deeds, wills and other documents, and stating the facts on which it depends: fc. 1 Pres. 42, 207. The statutory period is thirty years,...
Common assurances
Common assurances, the legal evidences of the tran-slation of property, whereby every person's estate is assured to him. These common assurances are of four kinds:-(1) By matter in pais, or deed, which is an assurance transacted between two or more private persons, in pais, iin the country; that is (according to the old Common Law) upon the very spot to be transferred. (2) By matter of record, or an assurance transacted only in the sovereign's public courts of record, or under the authority of a public board or commission empowered by Act of Parliament to record its proceedings. (3) By special custom obtaining in some particular places and relating only to some particular species of property: which three are such as take effect during the life of the party conveying or assuring. (4) The fourth takes no effect till after his death, and that is by devise, contained in his last will and testament, 2 Bl. Com. 294....
Enrollment
Enrollment, register, record; writing in which anything is recorded.The act of recording or registering, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 551.By the Statute of Enrolments, 27 Hen. 8, c. 16, now repealed by the (English) L.P. Amendment Act, 1924 (15 Geo. 5, c. 5),Sch. 10, every bargain and sale of a freehold interest was required to be enrolled in Chancery within six [lunar] months after its date.No assurance before 1926 by a tenant-in-tail under the (English) Fines and Recoveries abolition Act, 1833 (3 & 4 Wm. 4, c. 74), will have any operation unless enrolled in the Central Office within six calendar months after its execution, which enrolment is sufficient of itself, even where the conveyance was by bargain and sale, within the Statute of Enrolments. This provision did not extend to copyholds, the enrolment then being on the Court-rolls of the manor. By s. 133 the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, enrolment is not required in respect of assurances or instruments executed or ma...
Recovery
Recovery, the obtaining a thing by judgment or trial.The regaining or restoration of something lost or taken away, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1280.A true recovery is an actual or real recovery of anything, or the value thereof, by judgment; as if a man sue for any land or other thing movable or immovable, and gain a verdict or judgment.A feigned recovery. An abolished common assurance by matter of record, in fraud of the statute De Donis, whereby a tenant-in-tail in possession enlarged his estate-tail into a fee-simple and so barred the entail, and all remainders and reversions expectant there-on, with all conditions and collateral limitations annexed to them, and subsequent charges sub-ordinate to the entail. But incumbrances on the estate-tail equally affected such fee-simple, and any estate or interest prior to the entail remained undisturbed.This assurance consisted of two parts: (1) The recovery itself, which was a fictitious rea action in the Court of Common Pleas, carr...
title
title [Anglo-French, inscription, legal right, from Old French, from Latin titulum inscription, chapter heading, part of the law that sanctions an action] 1 a : the means or right by which one owns or possesses property ;broadly : the quality of ownership as determined by a body of facts and events after-acquired title : title that vests automatically in a grantee when acquired by a grantor who purported to sell the property before acquiring title ;also : a doctrine that requires such vesting compare estoppel by deed at estoppel NOTE: The doctrine of after-acquired title generally does not apply when the grantor receives title by quitclaim deed; to vest title in the grantee the deed must include words expressing such an intention. clear title : title that exists free of claims or encumbrances on the property [had clear title to the farm] ;broadly : marketable title in this entry equitable title : title vested in one who is considered by the application of equitable principl...
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