Poor Person - Law Dictionary Search Results
Alms-houses
Alms-houses. Houses given by charitable persons for poor persons to live in free of charge are very numerous in this country. They are exempt from property tax, see (English) Income Tax Act,. 1918 (8 & 9 Geo. 5, c. 40), s. 37, and subsequent (English) Finance Acts, and in respect of revenues payable to them before 1693 from land tax, by the (English) Land Tax Act, 1797 (38 Geo. 3, c. 5)....
Pauper
A very poor person one without any means of support especially one dependent on private or public charity Also used adjectively as pauper immigrants pauper labor...
Public charity
Public charity, means something for the charitable benefit of a large and important body of poor persons. As a rule, a friendly society is not a public charity, Clark (in re:), 1 Ch D 497; Cullack v. Edwards, (1896) 2 Ch 679; Braithwaite v. Attorney-General, (1909) 1 Ch 410....
in forma pauperis
in forma pauperis [Medieval Latin, in the form of a pauper] : as a poor person : relieved of the fees and costs of a legal action because of inability to pay [allowed to file an appeal in forma pauperis] [in forma pauperis status] ...
Adoption
Adoption, an act by which a person adopts as his own the child of another. Until recently there was no law of adoption in this country though it exists in other countries, as France and Germany, where the civil law (as to which, see Sand. Just.) prevails to any great extent. In 1889 and 1890, Lord Meath introduced Bills in the House of Lords to legalize adoption.By the (English) Adoption of Children Act, 1926 (16 & 17 Geo. 5, c. 29), after the 31st December, 1925, the Court (usually in the Chancery Division) may authorize the adoption of an infant who is under twenty-one years of age, a British subject, and resident in England and Wales, by an applicant who is more than twenty-five years of age, and also twenty-one years older than the infant, unless closely related, and a British subject, resident and domiciled in England or Wales, but a single adopter, only, will be authorized unless two spouses jointly apply. A male may not adopt a female infant unless the court finds special reason...
Poor Prisoners, Defence of
Poor Prisoners, Defence of. The (English) Poor Prisoners Defence Act, 1930 (20 & 21 Geo. 5, c. 32), repealing the Poor Prisoners' Defence Act, 1903, entitles any person to free legal aid in the preparation and conduct of his defence at the trial and to have solicitor and counsel assigned to him for that purpose, if a certificate, called the 'defence certificate,' is granted by the justices committing him for trial or of the judge or chairman of the court before which he is to be tried, at any time after reading the depositions. The certificate is grantable only 'when it appears to the certifying authority that his means are insufficient to enable him to obtain such aid, and must be granted in respect of any person committeed for trial on a charge of murder, and may be granted when a person committed for trial upon any other charge, if it appears to the authority, having regard to all the circumstances of the case (including the nature of such defence, if any, as may have been set up) t...
Costs
Costs, expenses incurred in litigation or professional transactions, consisting of money paid for stamps, etc., to the officers of the Court, or to the counsel and solicitors, for their fees, etc.Costs in actions are either between solicitor and client, being what are payable in every case to the solicitor by his client, whether he ultimately succeed or not; or between party and party, being those only which are allowed in some particular cases to the party succeeding against his adversary, and these are either interlocutory, given on various motions and proceedings in the course of the suit or action, or final, allowed when the matter is determined.Neither party was entitled to costs at Common Law, but the Statute of Gloucester (6 Edw. 1, c. 4), gave cots to a successful plaintiff, and 2 & 3 Hen. 8, c. 6, and 4 Jac. 1, c. 3, to a victorious defendant; see Garnett v. Bradley, (1878) 3 App Cas 944.In proceedings between the Crown and a subject the general rule is that the Crown neither ...
Rate
Rate, A contribution levied by some public body for a public purpose, as a poor rate, a highway rate, a sewers rate, upon, as a general rule, the occupiers of property within a parish or other area.Proportional or relative value; the proportion of which quantity or value is adjusted, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1268.The term 'rate' is also used to mean a charge by a water, gas, railway, or other public undertaking for services rendered e.g., (English) Railways Act, 1921, s. 20; Metropolitan Water Board Charges Act, 1921 (11 & 12 Geo. 5, c. xciv.).The poor rate was levied under the (English) Poor Relief Act, 1601 (43 Eliz. s. 2), on the occupiers in each parish of 'lands, houses, tithes, coal mines, or saleable underwoods,' and the (English) Rating Act, 1874, extended the liability to rates to: (1) land used for a plantation or a wood, or for the growth of saleable underwood, and not subject to any right of common; (2) rights of fowling, shooting, taking, or killing game, or ra...
Apprentice
Apprentice [fr. apprendre, Fr., to learn], a person bound by indentures of apprenticeship to a tradesman or artificer ,who covenants to teach him his trade or mystery. The master is bound to instruct his apprentice, and to make him master of the art so far as his capacity to learn will permit. If the master die, or become bankrupt, or abandon the trade, the obligation of the apprentice is at an end. Conversely, that the apprentice has done anything incompatible with faithful service, is a just cause of dismissal, Pearce v. Foster, (1886) 17 QBD 536 CA, and see Learoyd v. Brooks, 1891 (1) QB 431. An infant can bind himself by a deed of apprenticeship, Green v. Thompson, 1899 (2) QB 1. With regard to apprentices for the mercantile marine, see The (English) Merchant Shipping Act, 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. c. 60). Apprentices are within the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1925, ss. 3 and 35. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction in many questions between master and apprentice. For instance, the (E...
Judge
Judge [fr. juge, Fr.; judex, Lat.], one invested with authority to determine any cause or question in a Court of judicature. The word 'judge' denotes not only every person who is officially designated as a judge but also every person who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or criminal, definitive judgment, or a judgment which, if not appealed against, would be definitive, or a judgment which, is confirmed by some other authority, would be definitive or who is one of a body of persons which body of persons is em-powered by law to give such a judgement (Indian Penal Code, 1860, s. 19)To secure the dignity and political independence of the judges of the Supreme Court, it is enacted by s. 5 of the (English) Jud. Act, 1875 (replaced by Jud. Act, 1925, s. 12), repeating in effect a provision of the Act of Settlement (12 & 13 Wm. 3, c. 2), that the judges of the Supreme Court (with the exception of the Lord Chancellor, who goes out with the Ministry) shall hold their o...
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