Natural Heir - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: natural heir Page: 2Shebaitship
Shebaitship, property dedicated to an idol vests in it in an ideal sense only; ex necessitas, the possession and management has to be entrusted to some human agent. Such an agent of the idol is known as shebait in Northern India. The legal character of a shebait cannot be defined with precision and exactitude. Broadly described, he is the human ministrant and custodian of the idol, its earthly spokesman, its authorised representative entitled to deal with all its temporal affairs and to manage its property. As regards the administration of the debutter, his position is analogous to that of a trustee; yet, he is not precisely in the position of a trustee in the English sense, because under Hindu Law, property absolutely dedicated to an idol, vests in the idol, and not in the shebait. Although the debutter never vests in the shebait, yet, peculiarly enough, almost in every case, the shebait has a right to a part of the usufruct, the mode of enjoyment; and the amount of the usufruct depen...
Occupancy
Occupancy, mere possession or use either by agreement or otherwise without other claim (if any) to the ownership or enjoyment of property, also taking possession of land to which no one else lays claim or without leave of the owner.The right of occupancy has been confined by the laws of England within a very narrow compass, e.g., where a person was tenant pur autre vie, or had an estate granted to himself only (without mentioning his heirs) for the life of another man, and died without alienation, during the life of the cestui que vie, or him by whose life it was holden; in this case, he that entered first on the land was called the occupant or common occupant and might lawfully retain the possession so long as the cestui que vie lived, by right of occupancy, see Re Michell, Moore v. Moore, (1892) 2 Ch 96. The title of common occupancy is now, in effect abolished, for it is enacted by the Wills Act, 1837, s. 3, that an estate pur autre vie, of whatever tenure, and whether it be an inco...
Mortgage
Mortgage [fr. mort, Fr., dead, and gage, pledge], a deed pledge; a thing put into the hands of a creditor.A mortgage is the creation of an interest in property, defeasible (i.e., annullable) upon performing the condition of paying a given sum of money, with interest thereon, at a certain time. This conditional assurance is resorted to when a debt has been incurred, or a loan of money or credit effected, in order to secure either the repayment of the one or the liquidation of the other. the debtor, or borrower, is then the mortgagor, who has charged or transferred his property in favour of or to the creditor or lender, who thus becomes the mortgagee. If the mortgagor pay the debtor loan and interest within the time mentioned in a clause technically called the proviso for redemption, he will be entitled to have his property again free from the mortgagee's claim; but should he not comply with such proviso, the legal estate becomes perfected in the mortgagee, i.e., indefeasible, and so los...
Terms for years
Terms for years. An estate for years is denominated a term, because its enjoyment is strictly fixed, for by 'term' is meant not only the interest which passes, but also the period for which it is held. It is a chattel real: chattel, because the estate passes to the owner's executors at his death, and did not pass to his heir-at-law, and so far partakes of the nature of personalty; real, because it is an interest in lands, and therefore partakes of the nature of real property.A term is usually created by a deed or speciality contract, called a lease or demise under the Common Law (see LEASE), and the appropriate operative verbs therein are 'demise,' or 'grant, lease, and to farm let'; but any wards showing the intent of the parties that the one (the lessor) shall divest himself of the possession, and the other (the lessee) come into it for a determinate time, are generally sufficient for the purpose.Terms could not be limited in succession or by way of remainder except by way of trust o...
Illatom son-in-law
Illatom son-in-law, In Andhra an illatom son-in-law is a boy incorporated into the family with a view to give a daughter in marriage and is customarily recognised as an heir in the absence of a natural-born-son, P. Lakshmi Reddi v. P. Lakshmi Reddy, AIR 1957 SC 314 (317)....
Petty-bag Office
Petty-bag Office, an office belonging to the Common Law jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery, for suits for and against solicitors and officers of that Court, and for process and proceedings by extents on statutes, recognizances, ad quod damnum scire facias to repel letters-patent, etc., Termes de la Ley. The term is derived from the little bag (parva baga) in which original writs relating to the business of the Crown were anciently kept.By the Great Seal Offices Abolition Act, 1884, s. 5, provision was made for the abolition of the office of Clerk of the Petty Bag, and the transfer of his duties, and in 1888, the last holder of the office dying, it ceased to exist.The Common Law jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery is now transferred to the High Court of Justice [(English) Jud. Act, 1925, s. 18(2)(b)], replacing (English) Jud. Act, 1873, s. 16).Pew [fr. puye, Dut.; appui, Fr.], an enclosed seat in a church. It is some what in the nature of an heirloom, and may descend by immemorial ...
Possession is nine points of the law
Possession is nine points of the law. This adage is not to be taken to be true to the full extent, so as to mean that the person in possession can only be ousted by one whose title is nine times better than his; but it places in a stronger light the legal truth that every claimant must succeed by the strength of his own title and not by the weakness of his antagonists. For instance, if the claimant be able to show a descent from the grantor of the estate, perfect except in one link of the chain, and the man in possession be a perfect stranger, the latter shall keep the estate; and so, also, if the claimant be a natural son of the last owner and adopted by him, and declared by him to be designed as his heir, yet if he dies without making a will in his favour, a stranger in possession has a better title. In Beddall v. Maitland, (1881) 17 Ch D p. 183, Sir Edward Fry, speaking of the statute 5 Rich. 2, stat. 1, c. 8, which makes a forcible entry an indictable offence, says: 'This statute c...
Predecessor
Predecessor, one who has preceded another. The word predecessor has a technical signification in law, answering to successor in the case of a corporation sole, as ancestor does to heir in the case of a natural person (Burt. Comp. Pl. 378); the correlative of successor under the (English) Succession Duty Act, 1853, s. 2.Under the (English) Landlord and Tenant Act, 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5, c. 36), defined in relation to a tenant or landlord, as any person through whom either respectively has derived title by assignment, will, intestacy, or operation of law.v...
Uses
Uses (History). A use is the intention or purpose, express or implied, upon which property is to be held. The Common Law treated the actual possessor for all purposes as the owner of the property. It was not difficult to find him out, since the possession of his estate was conferred upon him by a formal and notorious ceremony, technically called livery of seisin, which was performed openly and in the presence of the people of the locality.It soon became evident that the simple rules of the Common Law were stumbling-blocks to the complicated wants of an enterprising people.Hence ingenuity was sharpened to hit upon a device which should set at nought the rigidity of existing law and formalities.A system was found by the monastic jurists upon a model furnished by the Civil Law, which, by a nice adaptation, evaded, without overturning, the Common Law. Two methods of transferring realty began to co-exist in this country-the ancient Common Law system, and the later invention, which is denomi...
Magna Carta
Magna Carta, [Latin 'great charter'] The English charter that King John granted to the barons in 1215 and Henry III and Edward I later confirmed. It is generally regarded as one of the great common-law documents and as the foundation of constitution liberties. The other three great charters of English Liberty are the Petition of Right (3 Car. (1628)), the Habeas Corpus Act (31 Car. 2 (1679)), and the Bill of Rights (1 Will. SM. (1689)). Also spelled Magna charta, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 963.This Great Charter is based substantially upon the Saxon Common Law, which flourished in this kingdom until the Normaninvasion consolidated the system of feudality, still the great characteristic of the principles of real property. The barons assembled at St.Edmund's Bury, in Suffolk, in the later part of the year 1214, and there solemnly swore upon the high alter to withdraw their allegiance from the Crown, and openly rebel, unless King John confirmed by a formal charter the ancient li...
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