Judge Made - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: judge made Page: 3Joinder of causes of action
Joinder of causes of action, coupling two or more matters in the same suit or proceeding.Under the (English) C.L.P. Act, 1852, s. 41, causes of action, of whatever kind, provided they were by and against the same parties and in the same rights, might be joined in the same suit; but this did not extend to repelling or ejectment; and where two or more of the causes of action so joined were local, and arose indifferent counties, the venue might be laid in either of such counties, but the court or a judge had power to prevent the trial of different causes of action together if such trial wound be inexpedient, and in such case such court or judge might order separate records to be made up, and separate trials to be had. The joinder in one bill in equity of distinct and independent matters, which was termed multifariousness, was a ground of objection to the bill. See MULTIFARIOUSNESS.By (English) R.S.C. 1883, Ord. XVIII., the plaintiff may in many cases unite in the same action and the same ...
error
error : an act that through ignorance, deficiency, or accident departs from or fails to achieve what should be done [procedural s] ;esp : a mistake made by a lower court in conducting judicial proceedings or making findings in a case [to compel to conclusion that a manifest has been done "Moses v. Burgin, 445 F.2d 369 (1971)"] often used without an article [had been to give the jury special interrogatories "K. A. Cohen"]; see also assignment of error, clearly erroneous NOTE: Generally a party must object to an error at trial in order to raise it as an issue on appeal. clear error : an error made by a judge in his or her findings of fact which is such that it leaves the reviewing court with the firm and definite conviction that a mistake has been made NOTE: A clear error may or may not warrant reversal. fundamental error : plain error in this entry used esp. in criminal cases harmless error : an error that does not affect a substantial right or change the outcome of a trial a...
Misdirection
Misdirection, an error in law made by a judge in charging a jury. See R.S.C. Ord. XXXIX., and NEW TRIAL.--is something which a judge in his charge tells the jury and is wrong or in a wrong manner tending to mislead them. Even an omission to mention matters which are essential to the prosecution for the defence case in order to help the jury to come to a correct verdict may also in certain circumstances amount to a misdirection. But, in either case, every misdirection or non-direction is not in itself sufficient to set aside a verdict, but it must be such that it has occasioned a failure of justice, K.M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra, AIR 1962 SC 605 (616): 1962 Supp (1) SCR 567. (Criminal PC 1898, s. 297)...
Obiter dictum
Obiter dictum, an opinion not necessary to a judgment. See DICTUM.An 'Obiter dictum' is an observation which is either not necessary for the decision of the case or does not relate to the material facts in issue, K. Jayarama Iyer v. State of Hyderabad, AIR 1954 Hyd 56.It is a remark made or opinion expressed by a judge in his decision upon a cause, 'by the way' -- that is, incidentally or collaterally, and not directly upon the question before the court, or it is any statement of law enunciated by the judge or court merely by way of illustration, argument, analogy, or suggestion ...... In the common speech of lawyers, all such extrajudicial expressions of legal opinion are referred to as 'dicta', or 'obiter dicta', these two terms being used interchangeably, Brief Making and the Use of Law Books, William M. Lile et al. 304 (3rd Edn., 1914)....
Marshal or Mareschal
Marshal or Mareschal, primarily denotes an officer who has the care or command of horses.An officer called a marshal attends each judge on the assizes (being paid by the Treasury two guineas a day during the continuance of the circuit). tHe Office is now practically a sinecure, but formerly the marshal made abstracts of indictments, and received records for trials, etc. The judge appoints his marshal and pays his travelling and other expenses during the time he resides with him. See (English) Jud. Act, 1873, s. 77; see now (English) Jud. Act, 1925, s. 226(4)....
Fitzherbert
Fitzherbert, the most distinguished writer upon law in the reign of Henry VIII. He was first a serjeant, and some years after a judge, of the Common Pleas. The first book published by this learned author was his Grand Abridgment, printed in 1514 by Richard Pynson, of which in 1516 a second edition was printed by Wynkyn de Worde. In 1534 he published his Mew Natura Brevium, which ws reprinted in 1537. In 1541 we find The New Booke of Justyces of of Peace made by Anthony Fitzherbert, Judge, lately translated out of Frenche into Englishe. Of these, the Natura Brevium (nature of writs), which is an improvement of a more ancient work of the same nature and title, is by far the best known and most often cited. It is remarkable that this treatise on the nature and effect of the principal writs in the Register was published at a time when those writs were, many of them, going into disuse, and soon afterwards became obsolete....
Administrative act
Administrative act, an act made in a management capacity; esp. an act made outside the actor's usual field (as and when a judge supervises court personnel); an administrative act is often subject to a greater risk of liabilities than an act within the actor's usual field, Black Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 25....
Double complaint, or Double quarrel
Double complaint, or Double quarrel, duplex querela, a grievance made known by a clerk or other person, to the archbishop of the province, against the ordinary, for delaying or refusing to do justice in some cause ecclesiastical, as to give sentence, or institute a clerk, as in the celebrated case of Gorham v. Bishop of Exeter, (1850) 19 LJ Ex 376, CP 200, QB 279, in which the plaintiff, a clerk, succeeded on appeal in duplex querela against the defendant for not instituting him on the ground of alleged unorthodox views on Baptism, etc. It is termed a double complaint, because it is most commonly made against both the judge and him at whose suit justice is denied or delayed; and by Canon 95 the period of two months which the bishop had to inquire of the sufficiency of a clerk was abridged to twenty-eight days, before the expiration of which a duplex querela could not be brought....
Letters of marque
Letters of marque, commissions for extraordinary reprisals for reparation to merchants taken and despoiled by strangers at sea, grantable by the Secretaries of State, with the approbation of the Sovereign and Council; and usually in time of war, etc., ex Merc. 173. The words marque and reprisal are used as synonymous terms, although the latter is, strictly, taking in return; the former passing the frontiers in order to such taking, Du Cange, tit. 'Marcha.'These letters are grantable by the law of nations, wherever the subjects of one state are oppressed and injured by those of another, and justice is denied by that state to which the oppressor belongs. In this case letters of marque and reprisal may be obtained in order to seize the bodies or goods of the subjects of the offending state, until satisfaction be made, wherever they happen to be found; and, in fact, this custom seems dictated by nature. The necessity, however, is obvious of calling in the sovereign power to determine when ...
Reception order
Reception order. No person, not being a a rate-aided poor person or a person of unsound mind so found by inquisition, can be received or detained as a per-son of unsound mind except under the authority of (1) a reception order, or (2) an urgency order (q.v.), or (3) a summary reception order (q.v.) [(English) Lunacy Act, 1890, ss. 1, 9, 13]. Ss. 21 and 22 provide exceptions in the case of emergency, etc., and of friends and relatives taking charge. A reception order can only be made by a judicial authority, i.e., a justice of the peace specially appointed, a county court judge, a stipendiary magistrate, or by two commissioners in lunacy (ibid., ss. 1, 9, 10 and 23). It is only effective for one year unless extended [(English) Lunacy Act, 1891, s. 7), and by s. 36 (3) of the Act, 1890, it ceases to be of any force unless the patient has been received thereunder before the expiration of seven days from its date. As to the reception of feebleminded and mentally defective persons, see the ...
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