Fraude - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: fraude Page: 4loan fraud
loan fraud purposely giving incorrect information on a loan application in order to better qualify for a loan; may result in civil liability or criminal penalties. Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ...
Specific performance
Specific performance. Equity, in obedience to the cardinal rule of natural justice that a person should perform his agreement enforces, pursuant to a regulated and judicial discretion, the actual accomplishment of a thing stipulated for, on the ground that what is lawfully agreed to be done ought to be done, and that damages at law for breach of the contract are not a sufficient com-pensation. The Common Law has not recognized this principle; it has only given damages to a suffering party for the non-performance of an executory agreement. The (English) C.L.P. Act, 1854, however, imparted to the Common Law writ of mandamus a little more efficacy by provisions since superseded by s. 24 of the Judicature Act, 1873, now by Judicature Act, 1925, s. 36, and the (English) Mercantile Law Amendment Act, 1856, introduced a procedure for enforcing the specific delivery of goods sold, specially superseded by s. 52 of the (English) Sale of Goods Act, 1893.An award of damages may be combined with a ...
Appointment in exercise of a Power
Appointment in exercise of a Power, In the case of freeholds an instrument which alters, abridges, or suspends a use limited by a prior assurance or trust creating the power which sanctions such appointment. In the case of appointments of uses of freeholds effected under the Statute of Uses the seisin to serve the appointed use was transferred by the prior assurance; the appointment vested the legal estate in the appointee, who took as though he were named in such prior assurance. After the 31st December, 1925, a power of appointment of land can only operate inequity, (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 1(7).Powers may also be reserved over personal estate, and in that case also only the equitable estate now passes; a common instance is the power of appointment among the issue usually given by a marriage settlement, by virtue of which the parents can distribute the settled funds amongst the issue in such shares as the donees of the power think fit, and the trustees will then hold t...
Weights and measures
Weights and measures, instruments for reducing the quantity and price of merchandise to a certainty, that there may be the less room for deceit and imposition. See AVOIRDUPOIS; TROY WEIGHT; and METRIC SYSTEM.The adjustment of weights and measures is a prerogative of the Crown, and has from an early date been regulated by statute-the Weights and Measures Act, 1878. The 25th and 26th sections enact that:25. Use or Possession for Use.-Every person who uses or has in his possession for use for trade any weight, measure, scale, balance, steelyard, or weighing machine which is false or unjust, shall be liable to a fine not exceeding 5l., or in the case of a second offence 20l. [as amended by the W. and M. Act, 1889], and any contract, bargain, sale, or dealing made by the same shall be void, and the weight, measure, scale, balance, or steelyard shall be liable to be forfeited.26. Fraud in Use.-Where any fraud is wilfully committed in the using of any weight, measure, scale, balance, steelyar...
Representation
Representation, by public bodies, associations or individuals ventilating individual grievances are considered by Petitions Committee of Lok Sabha. Representations in the form of letters, telegrams, copies of resolutions are treated as representation and considered by the Petitions Committee, representations relating to the proceedings in the House or conduct of member are also considered by Petitions Committee Practice and Procedures of Parliament, M.N. Kaul and S.L. Shakdher, 5th Edn., 2001, P. 964.Representation, is a description, account or state-ment of facts or arguments intended to influence action or make protest, Webster American Dictionary, p. 1235.Representation, means a statement regarding a fact, A Dictionary of Law, Willium C. Anderson, 1889, p. 882.Representation, standing in the place of another for certain purposes, as heirs, executors, or administrators. See EXECUTOR; ADMINISTRATOR; PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE; REAL REPRESENTATIVE.A presentation of fact-either by words or...
Deed
Deed [fr. d'd, Sax.; ded gaded, Goth.;daed, Dut.], a formal document on paper or parchment duly signed, sealed, and delivered. It is either an indenture (factum inter partes) needing an actual indentation [(English) Real Property Act, 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 106), s. 5], reproduced by the Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 56 (2), made between two or more persons in different interests, or a deed-poll (charta de una parte) made by a single person or by two or more persons having similar interests. By the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 57, a deed may be described according to the nature of the transaction, e.g., 'this lease,' 'this mortgage,' etc., or as a 'deed' and not habitually by the word 'indenture.'The requisites of a deed are these:-(1) Sufficient parties and a proper subject of assurance.(2) It must be written, engrossed, printed, or lithographed, or partly written or engrossed, and partly printed or lithographed in any character or in any language, on paper, vellum, or parchm...
Deceit
Deceit [fr. deceptio, Lat.], fraud, cheat, craft, or collusion used to deceive and defraud another. In an action of deceit the plaintiff must prove that the defendant has made a false statement, knowing that it was false or without any belief in its truth or without caring whether it was true or not, and intending that the plaintiff should rely upon it and that the statement was relied upon by the plaintiff and caused damage; non-disclosure may be fradulent, see Suppressio veri, suggestio falsi,' and Cackett v. Keswick, (1902) 2 Ch 456, and Christine Ville Rubber Estates, (1911) 28 TLR 38, and CONCEALMENT [Smith v. Chadwick, (1884) 9 AC 187, and Dery v. Peek, (1889) 14 App Cas 337]. Under the (English) Companies Act, 1929, s. 37, a special action for deceit will lie at the instance of any subscriber for shares or debentures who has subscribed for these on the faith of a prospectus inviting him to subscribe against any director, or person named or referred to as a director in the prospe...
Culpa lata dolo 'quiparatur
Culpa lata dolo 'quiparatur.-(Gross negligence is held equivalent to intentional wrong.) In cases of fraud, a grossly negligent omission to ascertain whether a statement is true or not, i.e., an untrue statement made with a reckless disregard of its truth or the revrse is evidence of fraud. See Derry v. Peek, (1889) 14 AC 337, and FRAUD....
Cheat
An act of deception or fraud that which is the means of fraud or deception a fraud a trick imposition imposture...
Parol evidence
Parol evidence, testimony by the mouth of a witness. It is a general rule that oral evidence cannot be substituted for a written instrument, where the latter is required by law, or to give effect to a written instrument, defective in any particular essential to its validity; nor contradict, alter, or vary a written instrument, required by law, or agreed upon by the parties, as the authentic memorial of the facts which it recites. But parol evidence is admissible to defeat a written instrument on the ground of fraud, mistake, etc., or to apply it to its proper subject, or, in some instances, as ancillary to such application to explain the meaning of doubtful terms, or to rebut presumptions arising extrinsically. In these cases the parol evidence does not usurp the place of written evidence, but either shows that the instrument ought not to be allowed to operate at all, or is essential in order to give to the instrument its legal effect.The general rule with regard to the admission of pa...
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