Distress - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: distress Page: 4Landlord and tenant
Landlord and tenant. A tenancy arises when the owner of an estate inland, called the lessor or landlord, agrees expressly or by implication to allow another person, called the lessee or tenant, to enjoy the exclusive possession and use of the land for a period less than the landlord's estate in it, generally upon payment of rent. The landlord's estate is called the reversion, and at common law, a power of distress for rent is incident to the reversion.Leases or tenancies may be (1) for any agreed period such as for years or less, e.g., for a year, half-year, quarter or week; (2) from year to year; (3) at will; (4) on sufferance; or (5) they may arise upon estoppel; or (6) exist by force of a statute (see LEASE; INCREASE OF RENT). In a narrower sense the words 'tenancy' and 'landlord and tenant' are generally restricted to lease of a house or land for occupational purposes. If nothing appears to the contrary, either expressly or by implication, in the lease or agreement, the landlord is...
Increase of Rent and Mortgage (Restrictions) Acts (English)
Increase of Rent and Mortgage (Restrictions) Acts (English). A series of statutes, each of a temporary character, curtailing the contractual rights, in respect of certain classes of property, of landlords and mortgagees. This legislation was rendered necessary, in the first instance, by the conditions caused by the outbreak of the Great War. The continuance of the protection to tenants and mortgagees of dwelling-houses afforded by the later Acts was made necessary by the housing shortage, caused principally by the economic effects of the war. The Courts (Emergency Powers) Act,1914 (4 & 5 Geo. 5, c. 78), was the first of such Acts: it restricted the right to levy distress or resume possession of property by landlords and of mortgagees to foreclose or realize their security. This Act was followed by a series of complicated statutes which imposed restrictions on increasing the rent and mortgage interest on properties falling within their scope. the obscure and ambiguous drafting of these ...
Hire-purchase system
Hire-purchase system. A system whereby the owner of goods lets them on hire for periodic payments by the hirer upon an agreement that when a certain number of payments have been completed, the absolute property in the goods will pass to the hirer, but so that the hirer may return the goods at any time without any obligation to pay any balance of rent accruing after return, until the conditions have been fulfilled, the property remains in the owner. The instrument by which the hire-purchase is effected does not ordinarily require registration under the Bills of Sale Acts [Ex parte Crawcour, (1878) 9 Ch D 419]; and the hirer is 'reputed owner' within the Bankruptcy Act [Ex parte Brooks, (1993) 23 Ch D 261]; but the hirer does not 'agree to buy' within the Factors Act or Sale of Goods Act so as to be able to sell or pledge the goods as if he were a 'mercantile agent', Helby v. Matthews, 1895 AC 471; Brooks v. Biernstein, (1909) 1 KB 98. Distinguish from agreements such as in Lee v. Butler...
Double or treble costs
Double or treble costs have been frequently granted by statute, e.g., to successful defendants in actions for irregular distress, by the (English) Distress for Rent Act, 1737 (11 Geo. 2, c. 19), s. 20. The true mode of estimating the amount of double costs was first to allow the successful party the single costs, including the expenses of witnesses, counsel's fees, etc., and then allow him one-half of the amount of the single costs, without deducting counsel's fees, etc. Treble costs consisted of the single costs, half the single costs, and half of that half. But the public statutes prior to 1842 which gave these costs were repealed by the (English) Limitations of Actions and Costs Act, 1842 (5 & 6 Vict. c. 97), popularly called 'Pollock's Act,' which enacted that the successful party should be entitled only to full and reasonable costs, to be taxed by the proper officer-an enactment repealed in its turn by the (English) Public Authorities Protection Act, 1893 (see that title)....
Appraisement
Appraisement [fr. apprecier prix, Fr., pretium, Lat.], the act of valuing property, goods, furniture, etc. As to appraisement, if required by tenant or by owner of the goods, before selling under a distress for rent, see DISTRESS. Appraisement of a ship is sometimes ordered by the Admiralty Division of the High Court, see R.S.C. Ord. LI., Part III., and also generally before sale of any property by order of the Court....
Distrain
Distrain, to make seizure to goods or chattels by way of distress. See DISTRESS.To take as a pledge the property of another to keep the same until the performs his obligation, or until the property is sold by the sheriff or other proper officer to satisfy the obligation: Legal seizing goods as a method of enforcing payment....
mental anguish
mental anguish : a high degree of emotional pain, distress, torment, or suffering that may aggravate a crime or be a subject of an action for damages or wrongful death : emotional distress ...
C Q D
In radiotelegraphy the letters signified by the code call formerly used cf S O S by ships in distress formed by combining the code call C Q formerly used as a general call for all stations with D for distress...
Distressful
Full of distress causing indicating or attended with distress as a distressful situation...
warrant
warrant [Anglo-French warant garant protector, guarantor, authority, authorization, of Germanic origin] 1 : warranty [an implied of fitness] 2 : a commission or document giving authority to do something: as a : an order from one person (as an official) to another to pay public funds to a designated person b : a writ issued esp. by a judicial official (as a magistrate) authorizing an officer (as a sheriff) to perform a specified act required for the administration of justice [a of arrest] [by of commitment] administrative warrant : a warrant (as for an administrative search) issued by a judge upon application of an administrative agency anticipatory search warrant : a search warrant that is issued on the basis of an affidavit showing probable cause that there will be certain evidence at a specific location at a future time called also anticipatory warrant arrest warrant : a warrant issued to a law enforcement officer ordering the officer to arrest and bring the person named i...
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