Crime - Law Dictionary Search Results
Impeachment
Impeachment, a prosecution by the House of Commons before the House of Lords of any person, either peer or commoner, for treason, or other high crimes and misdemeanours, or of a peer for any crime; in modern times rarely been resorted to, though informer periods of our history of frequent occurrence. The last memorable cases are those of Warren Hastings, in 1788, and Lord Melville, in 1805.As to the procedure, see May's Parliamentary Practice.Means bringing a public official before a proper tribunal on a charge of wrong doing, Webster American Dictionary, p. 959.Is the prosecution of President by Parliament for violation of the Constitution. (Constitution of India, Art. 61)In U.K. by the Law of Parliament, all persons, whether peers or commoners can be impeached for any crimes; but it is generally resorted to in respect of extraordinary crimes and extraordinary offen-ces, Parliamentary Practice, Erskine, May, 22nd Edn., 1997, p. 63.Means the accusation of treason or other crimes is bro...
Offence
Offence, crime; act of wickedness. It is used as a genus, comprehending every crime and misde-meanour, or as a species, signifying a crime not indictable, but punishable summarily, or by the forfeiture of a penalty.There are certain acts which are heinous sins and odious in the public eye and are punishable in the Ecclesiastical Courts, but not being punishable at Common Law, and the proceedings in the Ecclesiastical Courts being held to be prosalute anim' and not to entail any temporal injury, they cannot be classed with ordinary Common Law and statutory offences; and it is no slander to impute them unless special damage follows.Other offences are divided into three classes, viz.:-(1) Treasons; (2) Felonies; and (3) Misdemeanours. See several titles.Consult Russell on Crimes; Archbolds' or Roscoe's Criminal Evidence.It means any act or omission made punishable by any law for the time being in force and includes any act in respect of which a complaint may be made under s. 20 of the Cat...
Professional institution
Professional crime, in Europe, the terms 'organised crime' and 'professional crime' are largely inter-changeable. As compared to American standards, the European criminal organizations are small-scale and short-lived. Such crimes are defined as involving a system of specifically defined relation-ship with mutual obligation and privileges and association of a small group of criminals for the ex-ecution of the intended crime, State of Maharashtra v. Bharat Chaganlal, (2001) 9 SCC 1 (7)....
ex post facto law
ex post facto law : a civil or criminal law with retroactive effect ;esp : a law that retroactively alters a defendant's rights esp. by criminalizing and imposing punishment for an act that was not criminal or punishable at the time it was committed, by increasing the severity of a crime from its level at the time the crime was committed, by increasing the punishment for a crime from the punishment imposed at the time the crime was committed, or by taking away from the protections (as evidentiary protection) afforded the defendant by the law as it existed when the act was committed NOTE: Ex post facto laws are prohibited by Article I, Section 9 of the U.S. Constitution. ...
Attempt
Attempt [fr. tentare, Lat.; tenter, temter, tempter, O. Fr. to try], an endeavour to commit a crime or unlawful act. Persons indicted for a felony or misdemeanour may be found guilty only of an attempt to commit the same. (English) Criminal Procedure Act, 1851, 14 & 15 Vict. c. 100, s. 9In criminal law means an overt act that is done with the intent to commit a crime but that falls short of completing the crime. Attempt is an inchoate offence distinct from the attempted crime, Black Law Dictionary 7th Edn., p. 123.What constitutes an 'attempt' is a mixed question of law and fact, depending largely on the circumstances of the particular case. 'Attempt' defies a precise and exact definition. Broadly speaking, all crimes which consist of the commission of affirmative acts are preceded by some covert or overt conduct which may be divided into three stages. The first stage exists when the culprit first entertains the idea or intention to commit an offence. In the second stage, he makes prep...
Abet
Abet [from a (ad vel usque), and bedan, or beteren, to stir up or excite, Sax.], to maintain or patronise: to encourage or set on. The act is called abetment. An abettor or abettator is an instigator or setter on, one who promotes or procures a crime to be committed, Old Nat. Br. 21. See ACCESSARY.With its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, shall have the same meaning as in the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860). With its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, shall have the same meaning as in the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860). [General Clauses Act, 1897 (10 of 1897), s. 3 (1)]Defined. (Abetment of a thing.-A person abets the doing of a thing, who-First.-Instigates any person to do that thing; orSecondly.-Engages with one or more other person or persons in any conspiracy for the doing of that thing, if an act or illegal omission takes place in pursuance of that conspiracy, and in order to the doing of that thing; orThirdly.-Intentionally aids, by any act or illegal o...
criminal
criminal 1 : relating to, involving, or being a crime [ neglect] [ conduct] 2 : relating to crime or its prosecution [brought a action] [ code] compare civil, penal n 1 : one who has committed a crime 2 : a person who has been convicted of a crime ...
conspiracy
conspiracy pl: -cies [Latin conspiratio, from conspirare to conspire see conspire ] 1 : an agreement between two or more people to commit an act prohibited by law or to commit a lawful act by means prohibited by law ;also : the crime or tort of participating in a conspiracy compare substantive crime NOTE: Some states require an overt act in addition to the agreement to constitute conspiracy. chain conspiracy : a conspiracy in which the conspirators act separately and successively (as in distributing narcotics) civil conspiracy : a conspiracy that is not prosecuted as a crime but that forms the grounds for a lawsuit criminal conspiracy : a conspiracy prosecuted as a crime 2 : a group of conspirators ...
Black mail
Black mail [fr. maille, Fr., a small piece of money], a certain rent of money, coin, or other thing, anciently paid to persons upon or near the borders, who were men of influence and allied with robbers and brigands, for protection from the devastations of the latter. It was in fact a species of insurance. This was rendered illegal by 43 Eliz. C. 13. The same practice prevailed in Scotland, where it was also illegal. Also rent paid in cattle, otherwise called neat-gild; and all rents not paid in silver are called reditus nigri (black mail or rents), by way of distinction from reditus albi (blanch-firmes, or white-rents).But the term is used in modern times to signify extortion of money by threatening letters or threats to accuse of crime--an offence punishable, if the crime is punishable, by death or penal servitude for not less than seven years, or be an attempt at rape, or be an 'infamous crime,' i.e., sodomy, etc., by penal servitude for life, and in the case of a male under sixteen...
Previous conviction
Previous conviction. The 11th s. of the (English) Criminal Law Act, 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4, c. 28), reciting that 'it is expedient to provide for the more exemplary punishment of offenders who commit felony after a previous conviction for felony,' empowered a Court to inflict transportation for life and whipping for such subsequent conviction. Penal servitude has since been substituted for transportation, and the whipping is abolished. The (English) Larceny Act, 1916 (6 & 7 Geo. 5, c. 50), by s. 37, authorizes the infliction of penal servitude up to ten years on those committing simple larceny after having been previously convicted of felony and up to seven years if previously convicted of an indictable misdemeanour punishable under the Act or twice summarily convicted of certain other offences; males under sixteen are liable to whipping in addition.Frequently statutes [see, e.g., (English) Licensing Act, 1872, s. 12, as to drunkenness; (English) Road Traffic Act, 1930, s. 13; (English) Tr...
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