Court - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: court Page: 3 Page 3 of about 3,045 results (0.006 seconds)Exchequer Chamber, Court of
Exchequer Chamber, Court of, a tribunal of error and appeal.First, it existed in former times as a Court of mere debate, such causes from the other Courts being sometimes adjourned into it as the judges upon argument found to be of great weight and difficulty, before any judgment was given upon them in the Court below. It then consisted of all the judges of the three Superior Courts of Common Law, and at times the Lord Chancellor also.Second, it existed as a Court of Error, where the judgments of each of the Superior Courts of Common Law, in all actions whatever, were subject to revision by the judges of the other two, sitting collectively. See 27 Eliz. c. 8 (error from Queen's Bench), and 11 Geo. 4 & 1 Wm. 4, c. 70, s. 8 (error from the three Courts). The composition of this Court consequently admitted of three different combinations, consisting of any two of the Courts below which were not parties to the judgment appealed against. There was no given number required to constitute the ...
Arches, Court of
Arches, Court of [fr. curia de arcubus, Lat.], a court of appeal belonging to the Archbishop of Canterbury, the judge of which is called the Dean of the Arches, because his Court was anciently held in the church of Saint Mary-le-Bow (Sancta Maria de arcubus), so named from the steeple, which is raised upon pillars, built archwise. It was formerly held, as also were the other principal Spiritual Courts, in the hall belonging to the College of Civilians, commonly called Doctors' Commons. It is now held at the Church House, Westminster. Its proper jurisdiction is only over the 13 peculiar parishes belonging to the Archbishop in London, but the office of Dean of the Arches having been for a long time united to that of the Archbishiop's Official Principal, the Dean of the Arches, in right of such added office, receives and determines appeals from the sentences of all Inferior Ecclesiastical Courts within the province. There was formerly an appeal to the king in Chancery, or to a Court of De...
court
court [Old French, enclosed space, royal entourage, court of justice, from Latin cohort- cohors farmyard, armed force, retinue] 1 a : an official assembly for the administration of justice : a unit of the judicial branch of government [the judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior s as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish "U.S. Constitution art. III"] see also the Judicial System in the back matter b : a session of such a court c usu cap : the Supreme Court of the United States 2 : a place (as a building, hall, or room) for the administration of justice [order in the ] 3 : a judge or judges acting in official capacity [an issue to be decided by the ] [the may neither preside at nor attend the meeting of creditors "J. H. Williamson"] 4 usu cap : a legislative body [the General Court of Massachusetts] 5 : a body (as the International Court of Justice) exercising judicial powers over its members or the memb...
A court immediately below
A court immediately below. The expression 'a court immediately below' and a court subordinate to the High Court have different meanings, and are, therefore, not one and the same. The test for determining whether an aggrieved party has a right to appeal, other conditions being fulfilled, is not whether the judgment is of a court subordinate to the High Court but whether the judgment is of a court immediately below, and that a Single Judge of the High Court hearing a proceeding either as a court of original jurisdiction or in exercise of appellate jurisdiction is a court immediately below the Division Bench which hears an appeal against his judgment under the relevant clause of the Letters Patent, A. Rangaswamy Iyengar v. Pattammal, AIR 1971 SC 658 (659): (1971) 1 SCC 274....
Royal Courts of Justice
Royal Courts of Justice, the statutory name, by (English) Jud. Act, 1925, s. 222, replacing s. 28 of the (English) Jud. (Officers) Act, 1879, of the Law Courts, on the north side of the Strand, between St. Clement Danes Church and Chancery Lane, in which the business of the Supreme Court is transacted. The erection of buildings for bringing together into one place 'all the superior Courts of Law and Equity, the Probate and Divorce Courts and the court of Admiralty' recommended by a Royal Commission in 1858 was authorized by Parliament in 1865 by the (English) Courts of Justice Building Act and the Courts of Justice Concentration (Site) Act (28 & 29 Vict. cc. 48, 49). The Royal Courts were formally opened by Queen Victoria on the 4th of December, 1882, and opened for business on the 11th of January, 1883, the Judges' Chambers and other offices having been opened for business in January, 1880. Prior to the opening, the Chancery Division of the High Court occupied courts at Lincoln's Inn,...
Inferior Courts (UK)
Inferior Courts (UK). They are the Court baron, the hundred Court, the borough civil Court, the County Court, the Mayor's Court, London, and also all courts of a special jurisdiction; but the county Courts are by far the most important of them. They are all controllable by writ of prohibition if they exceed their jurisdiction. See, further, the Borough and Local Courts of Record Act, 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 86); and as to the jurisdic-tion of such courts, and the rules of procedure in force therein, see also the Judicature Act, 1925, ss. 201-209, and COUNTY COURTS.The (English) Inferior Courts Judgments Extension Act, 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 31), following the procedure of the Judgments Extension Act, 1868, which applies to superiors courts only, renders, to a certain extent, judgments obtained in inferior courts in England, Scotland, and Ireland res-pectively, effectual in any other part of the United Kingdom; but the working of the Act is very much cramped by the provision of s. 10, th...
Court and Judge
Court and Judge, a 'court' is an agency created by the sovereign for the purpose of administering justice. It is a place where justice is judicially administered. It is a legal entity. It is a Tribunal presided over by one or more Judges on whom are conferred certain judicial powers for administering justice in accordance with law. When a Judge takes his seat in court, the court is said to have assembled for administering justice. Thus the word 'Court, is a generic term and embraces a judge but the vice versa is not true. While the words 'court' and 'Judge' are frequently used interchangeably they are not stricto sensu synonymous for the simple reason that a Judge by himself does not constitute a court being only an essential part of the Court, Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee v. Union of India, (1994) 6 SCC 731 (745...
Customary Court-baron
Customary Court-baron, a court which should be kept within the man or for which it is held. It may be held anywhere within the manor, at the pleasure of the person holding it, unless some ancient custom require it to be held in a certain place.The court-baron was to be held from three weeks to three weeks, or, as some think, as often as thelord chose. And it should seem clear, tht the lord may hold a customary court as frequently as he pleases, and compe the attendance of his tenants who hold by villein or base services, 2 Wat.Cop., c. i. p. 9; and see Elton or Scriven on Copyholds.It is to be observed that although there should be no freeholders of the manor, by which the Court-baron or freeholders' court is lost, yet still there mabe a customary court; for as these two courts are distinct (though frequently held at the same time, the same roll serving to record the proceedings of both), the want of freeholders does not preclude the lord from holding a customary court for his copyhold...
Divisional Court
Divisional Court. A Court (which takes under the Jud. Act the place of the Court 'in banc': see BANC) constituted of two judges of the High Court, or as many more judges as the President of a Division, with the concurrence of the judges of the Division, may think expedient, for the transaction of such business as may be ordered by Rules of Court to be heard by a Divisional Court (Judicature Act, 1925, s. 63, replacing App. Jur. Act, 1876, s. 17). Much of the business of the King's Bench Division, but none of that of the other Divisions, is transacted by Divisional Courts, consisting usually of two judges. Five judges have thrice sat, but in order for more than two to sit, the President of the Division, with the concurrence of not less than two judges thereof, must be of opinion that it is expedient so to constitute the Court (Judicature Act, 1925, s. 63(6), replacing Jud. Act, 1884, s. 4). See PRECEDENTS and R.S.C. Ord. LIX.Appeals from County Courts no longer lie to the Divisional Cou...
Marshalsea, Court of the
Marshalsea, Court of the, originally held before the steward and marshal of the royal house of administer justice between the sovereign's domestic servants, that they might not be drawn into other courts, and their service become lost. It held pleas of all trespasses committed within the verge of the Court (twelve miles round the sovereign's residence), where only one of the parties was in the royal service (in which case the inquest was taken by a jury of the country); and if all debts, contracts, and covenants where both of the contracting parties belonged to the royal household, and then the inquest was composed of men of the household only. But this Court being ambulatory, Charles I. erected a new Court of record, called the curia palatii, or Palace Court, to be held before the steward of the household and knight marshal, and the steward of the Court or his deputy, with jurisdiction to hold plea of all manner of personal actions whatsoever which should arise between any parties wit...
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