Business Connection - Law Dictionary Search Results
Same and similar
Same and similar, although the word same is frequently used in the sense of similar, the word similar never means 'same', AIR 1956 Punj 49 (55). (Partnership Act, 1932, s. 54)The two words 'same' and 'similar' connote different concepts and therefore the carrying of a similar business will not meet the requirements of the section. If one business cannot be conveniently carried on after the closure of the other, there would be a strong indication that the two businesses constituted the 'same business' but, no decisive inference could be drawn from the fact that after the closure of one business another may conveniently be carried on. The real test would be: was there any inter-connection, any interlacing, any inter-dependence, any unity at all embracing those two businesses. Such inter-connection, inter-relation, inter-dependence and unity exist when there is common management, common business organisation, common administration, common fund and a common place of business, B.R. Limited ...
Insurance
Insurance, see, Income-tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961), s. 80C, Expl. 1.Insurance, the act of providing against a possible loss, by entering into a contract with one who is willing to give assurance, that is, to bind himself to make good such loss should it occur. In this contract, the chances of benefit are equal to the insured and the insurer. The first actually pays a certain sum, and the latter undertakes to pay a larger, if an accident should happen. The one renders his property secure; the other receives money with the probability that it is clear gain. The instrument by which the contract is made is called a policy; the stipulated consideration, a premium. As to what is known as a coupon policy, i.e., a coupon cut out of a diary, etc., see General Accident, etc., Assce. Corpn. v. Robertson, 1909 AC 404.Insurable Interest must be possessed by the person taking out a policy; he must be so circumstanced as to have benefit from the existence of the person or thing insured, and some preju...
Partnership
Partnership, the relation which subsists between persons carrying on a business with a view to profit--so defined by s. 1, sub-s. 1, of the (English) Partnership Act, 1890 (53 & 54 Vict. c. 39), a codifying Act of fifty s.s, 'to declare and amend the law of partnership,' which, in effect, transfers the law of the subject from the region of reported cases to that of the statute; Bovill's Act' (see that title) of 1865 (28 & 29 Vict. c. 86), and a small part of the (English) Mercantile Law Amendment Act of 1856, being the only previous statutory enactments on the subject.Rules, which, however, subject to any agreement express or implied between the partners, are laid down by s. 24 for determining the interest of partners in the partnership property and their rights and duties in relation to the partnership. They provide, amongst other things, for equal shares in profits and equal contributions to losses; for indemnification of every partner by the firm in respect of payments properly made...
Trade marks
Trade marks. by the Trade Marks Act, 1905 (English) (5 Edw. 7, c. 15), s. 3:-A 'mark' shall include a device, brand, heading, label, ticket, name, signature, word, letter, numeral or any combination thereof.A 'trade mark' shall mean a mark used or proposed to be used upon or in connexion with goods for the purpose of indicating that they are the goods of the proprietor of such trademark by virtue of manufacture, selection, certification, dealing with, or offering for sale.A 'registrable trademark' shall mean a trade mark which is capable of registration under the pro-visions of this Act.Subject to the Trade Mark Acts, the owner of a trademark has a right to its use in connection with the goods associated with it, whether or not it is registered or registrable by him, and if that right is infringed by a sale of other goods under his mark, or a colourable imitation or otherwise so as to be calculated to deceive a purchaser that those goods are goods of his manufacture, sale or mark, the ...
Same business
Same business, the business of the company of deal-ing in shares and the business of manufacturing sugar and other commodities constitute the same business within the meaning of s. 24(2) of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, Standard Refinery and Distillery Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax, AIR 1971 SC 2293: (1971) 1SCC 315: (1971) 3 SCR 378.In determining whether two lines of business constitute the 'same business' within the meaning of s. 24(2) of the Income-tax Act, the Income-tax authorities must consider the inter-connection, inter-lacing, inter-dependence and unity furnished by the existence management, common business organisation ,common administration, common Fund and a common place of business, Standard Refinery and Distillery Ltd. v. CIT, AIR 1970 SC 1379 (1380). [Income Tax Act, 1922, s. 24(2)]...
Administrative business
Administrative business, the business of managing conducted in private by persons having complete discretion, as distinguished from judicial business, which is conducted in Court under specific rules as to evidence, etc. In the Chancery Division the term is used an meaning that portion of the business of the Court which consists of executing the trusts of deeds and wills and deciding the numerous questions which arise in connection therewith, as distinguished from the 'contentious' business of the Court, which means hostile litigation between parties. Formerly also certain business transacted at Quarter Sessions now transferred to County Councils by s. 3 of the Local Government Act, 1888....
Person employed
Person employed, 'person employed' means - (a) in the case of a factory or an industrial undertaking, a member of the clerical staff employed in such factory or undertaking; (b) in the case of a commercial establishment other than a clerical department of a factory or an industrial undertak-ing, a person wholly or principally employed in connection with the business of the establishment, and includes a peon, T. Devadasan v. Gordon Woodroffe and Co. (P) Ltd., AIR 1972 SC 1479: (1972) 3 SCC 700: (1973) 1 SCR 213. [T.N. Shops and Establishment Act, 1947, s. 2 (12) (iii)](ii) According to the definition in s. 2(14) of the Andhra Pradesh (Telengana Area) Shops and Establishments Act, 1951 even if a person is not wholly employed, if he is principally employed in connection with the business of the shop, he will be a 'person employed' within the meaning of the sub-section, Silver Jubilee Tailoring House v. Chief Inspector of Shops and Establishments, AIR 1974 SC 37 (44, 45): (1974) 3 SCC 498:...
Current account transaction
Current account transaction, means a transaction other than a capital account transaction and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing such transaction includes--(i) payments due in connection with foreign trade, other current business, services, and short-term banking and credit facilities in the ordinary course of business,(ii) payments due as interest on loans and as net income from investments,(iii) remittances for living expenses of parents, spouse and children residing abroad, and(iv) expenses in connection with foreign travel, education and medical care of parents, spouse and children. [Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999), s. 2 (j)]...
Proceeding
Proceeding, includes administrative proceeding, Nathibai v. Maheshwari Samaj Ramola Trust, AIR 1997 MP 19.It includes execution proceedings also, Specific Relief Act, 1963, s. 22.Proceeding, is a term of wide amplitude. It means a prescribed course of action for enforcing or protecting a legal right and further embracing the requisite steps to be taken whether procedural or substantive. Also means forms in which relief is sought before courts of law or before other bodies or authorities determining rights and liabilities and in which actions are brought and defended and the manner of conducting them and the mode of deciding them. All these happenings or events before a labour court or industrial tribunal or any other authority on whom jurisdiction is conferred by law to dispose of contentious matters are understated by the term 'proceeding', Workmen of Bali Singh Bhagwan Singh v. Management, 1968 ILR 2 Punj 371: 1969 Lab IC 581: AIR 1969 Punj 147; K.J. Lingan and A.V. Mahayalam v. Jt. ...
Winding-up
Winding-up, the process by which an insolvent estate is distributed, as far as it will go, amongst the persons having claims upon it. The term is most frequently applied to the winding-up of joint-stock companies.The property of a company is collected and distributed firstly in discharge of its liabilities, and secondly, among its members according to their respective rights with a view to its dissolution. If the assets are not sufficient to meet the liabilities, a company is usually wound up by the Court. In other cases the winding-up is usually voluntary and conducted by the company itself either with or without the supervision of the Court. The provisions of the (English) Companies Act, 1929, govern a winding-up in any of these three modes (s. 156). In any winding-up the members who may be called upon to contribute are ascertained and their liability determined under ss. 157-162; see CONTRIBUTORIES. Debts and claims of all kinds require to be proved and if not of certain value to be...
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