At The Bar - Law Dictionary Search Results
General issue
General issue, a plea simply traversing modo et forma the allegations in the declaration, as the plea of 'not guilty' in torts; 'never indebted' to money counts, or 'nunquam assumpsit' to actions on simple contract (English) C.L.P. Act, 1852, Sched. B, 37). Pleading the general issue was abolished by the (English) Judicature Acts, R.S.C. 1883, Ord. XIX., r. 4, providing that every pleading shall contain, and contain only, a statement in a summary form of the facts on which the party pleading relies; and the particular form of pleading the general issue by pleading ''not guilty by statute' (see that title) is abolished by the (English) Public Authorities Protection Act, 1893, as regards any proceeding to which that Act applies.In criminal proceedings the general issue is 'not guilty,' which is pleaded viva voce by the prisoner at the bar....
Confession to a priest
Confession to a priest. The English law does not recognise the duty of a priest (whether Roman Catholic or Anglican) to keep secrets revealed to him in his religious character, Normanshaw v. Normanshaw, (1893) 69 LT 468; Wheeler v. Le Marchant, (1881) 17 Ch D 681; but some judges have disapproved of extorting such secrets [see, e.g., per Best, C.J., in Broad v. Pitt, (1828) 3 C&P 518]. The practice of the law on this subject is very uncertain, and in Phillimore's Ecclesiastical Law as edited by Phillimore, L.J., when at the bar, the view is taken that it is not improbable that an English Court would decide the question in favour of the inviolability of confession and expand the law into harmony with that of other Christian states. See Best, Ev.; Taylor, Ev. The 113th Canon provides that 'if any man confess his secret and hidden sins to the minister for the unburdening of his conscience, and to receive spiritual consolation and ease of mind from him,' he 'do not reveal to any person who...
Code
Code, a collection or system of laws. The collection of laws and constitutions made by order of the Emperor Justinian is distinguished by the appellation of 'The Code' by way of eminence. See CIVIL LAW.The Code Napoleon, or Civil Code of France, pro-ceeding from the French Revolution, and the administration of Napoleon while First Consul, effected great changes in the laws of that country. Framed in the first instance by a commission of jurists appointed in 1800, this Code, after having passed both the tribunate and the legislative body, was promulgated in 1804 as the 'Code Civil des Francais.' When Napoleon became emperor, the name was changed to that of Code Napoleon, by which it is still often designated, though it is now styled by its original name of Code Civil. A Code de Procedure Civile, a Code de Commerce, Code d'Instruction Criminelle, and Code Penal were afterwards compiled and promulgated under Bonaparte's administration. To these was sub-sequently added a Code Forestier, or...
Preaudience
Precedence of rank at the bar among lawyers...
Recovery
Recovery, the obtaining a thing by judgment or trial.The regaining or restoration of something lost or taken away, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1280.A true recovery is an actual or real recovery of anything, or the value thereof, by judgment; as if a man sue for any land or other thing movable or immovable, and gain a verdict or judgment.A feigned recovery. An abolished common assurance by matter of record, in fraud of the statute De Donis, whereby a tenant-in-tail in possession enlarged his estate-tail into a fee-simple and so barred the entail, and all remainders and reversions expectant there-on, with all conditions and collateral limitations annexed to them, and subsequent charges sub-ordinate to the entail. But incumbrances on the estate-tail equally affected such fee-simple, and any estate or interest prior to the entail remained undisturbed.This assurance consisted of two parts: (1) The recovery itself, which was a fictitious rea action in the Court of Common Pleas, carr...
Uses
Uses (History). A use is the intention or purpose, express or implied, upon which property is to be held. The Common Law treated the actual possessor for all purposes as the owner of the property. It was not difficult to find him out, since the possession of his estate was conferred upon him by a formal and notorious ceremony, technically called livery of seisin, which was performed openly and in the presence of the people of the locality.It soon became evident that the simple rules of the Common Law were stumbling-blocks to the complicated wants of an enterprising people.Hence ingenuity was sharpened to hit upon a device which should set at nought the rigidity of existing law and formalities.A system was found by the monastic jurists upon a model furnished by the Civil Law, which, by a nice adaptation, evaded, without overturning, the Common Law. Two methods of transferring realty began to co-exist in this country-the ancient Common Law system, and the later invention, which is denomi...
res judicata
res judicata [Latin, judged matter] 1 : a thing, matter, or determination that is adjudged or final: as a : a claim, issue, or cause of action that is settled by a judgment conclusive as to the rights, questions, and facts involved in the dispute b : a judgment, decree, award, or other determination that is considered final and bars relitigation of the same matter [the trial court interpreted the earlier order as a dismissal with prejudice and thus res judicata as to the subsequent complaint "Southeast Mortg. Co. v. Sinclair, 632 So. 2d 677 (1994)"] ;also : the barring effect of such a determination 2 : a principle or doctrine that generally bars relitigation or reconsideration of matters determined in adjudication [the doctrine of res judicata precludes the presentation of issues in a post-conviction petition which have previously been decided upon direct appeal "Stowers v. State, 657 N.E.2d 194 (1995)"]: as a : a broad doctrine in civil litigation that requires and includes ...
Unclaimed property
Unclaimed property. This devolves on the Crown at Common Law. Unclaimed property may be dealt with under the heads of (1) Government Stock, (2) Chancery Funds, (3) Stock in Public Companies, (4) Bankers' Balances, (5) Deposits with Bankers for Safe Custody, and (6) Found Property.(1) Government Stock.-The National Debt Act, 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c. 71), ss. 51 et seq., as extended by 20 & 21 Geo. 5, c. 28, s. 49 provides that stock on which no dividend has been claimed for ten years must be transferred to the National Debt Commissioners. Lists of names in which the stock stood, with residence, description and amount of stock and date of transfer, are to be kept at the Bank of England [or Ireland, but see 13 Geo. 5, c. 2, s. 6 (d)] and at the National Debt Office, open to inspection, and also kept in duplicate at the National Debt Office. The stock may be re-transferred to persons showing title after, in the case of stock exceeding 20l., three months' public notice by advertisement. A sec...
Decem tales
Decem tales (ten such). If, when a trial at bar (see BAR, TRIAL AT) is called on, a sufficient number of jurors do not attend, the trial must be adjourned, and a decem or octo tales, according to the number deficient, awarded, as at Common Law; for the County Juries Act, 1825 (6 Geo. 4, c. 50), s. 37, which allows the tales de circumstantibus, is expressly confined to trials at Nisi Prius and the assizes, 1 Chit. Arch. Pract....
case
case [Latin casus accident, event, set of circumstances, literally, act of falling] 1 a : a civil or criminal suit or action [the judicial power shall extend to all s, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution "U.S. Constitution art. III"] see also controversy case at bar : a case being considered by the court [the facts of the case at bar] case of first im·pres·sion : a case that presents an issue or question never before decided or considered by the court com·pan·ion case : a case that is heard with another case because it involves similar or related questions of law test case 1 : a representative case whose outcome will serve as precedent for future cases and esp. for pending cases involving similar or related issues or circumstances and often some of the same parties NOTE: A test case is selected from a number of cases in order to avoid a flood of litigation. All of the parties to the cases must agree to accept the outcome of the test case as bi...
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