Improvement of land. The (English) Improvement of Land Acts, 1864 and 1899 (27 & 28 Vict. c. 114, and 62 & 63 Vict. c. 46), enumerate a number of 'im-provements' such as the following: (1) Drainage; (2) Irrigation and Warping; (3) Embanking from the sea, etc.; (4) Inclosing, and redivision of fields; (5) Reclamation; (6) Making roads, tramways, railways, and canals; (7) Clearing; (8) Erection and improvement of cottage and farm buildings; (9) Planting for shelter; (10) Construction of mills, etc.; (11) Construction of landing-places; and allowed tenants for life to charge the cost of such improvements upon the fee of a settled estate with the sanction of the In closure Commissioners, after notice to persons in remainder, and certain specifications and surveys;-the sanction of the Commissioners to be given 'if they found (s. 25) that the improvements would effect a permanent increase of the yearly vale of the lands proposed to be improved.' The Acts have been amended by the (English) Agricultural Credits Act, 1923: see s. 3. The Settled Land Act, 1925, extends the powers of a tenant for life to apply capital money to effect improvements for the benefit of settled land which were conferred by the Settled Land Acts, 1882-1890 without any scheme required by the earlier Acts for approval by the Court or trustees. For the list, see 3rd Schd. (ibid.), Part I. (cost not replaceable by installments extending over 25 yeas or less), Part II. (replaceable by instalments if the Court or trustees so determine), Part III. (replaceable by instalments in any case), and see also (English) Agricultural Holdings Act, 1st Schd., Parts I. and II. See also (English) Universities and College Estates Act, 1925 (15 & 16 Geo. 5, c. 24). The improvements authorised being those mentioned in the Improve-ment of Land Act, with many additions.
Mansion-houses, by the (English) Limited Owners Residences Acts, 1870 and 1871 (33 & 34 Vict. c. 56, and 34 & 35 Vict. c. 84); works for supply of sewage for agricultural purposes, by (English) Public Health Act, 1875, s. 31; and reservoirs, by the (English) Limited Owners Reservoirs and Water-Supply Further Facilities Act, 1877 (40 & 41 Vict. c. 31), s. 5, are also 'improvements' within the (English) Improvement of Land Act, 1864. See also (English) Housing Act, 1936, and DRAINAGE.
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