Court : Supreme Court of India
..... discrimination which stifles their personal growth. 188 when caste prejudices manifest in institutional settings, such as prisons, they create further restrictions on the personal development and reformation of individuals from marginalized communities. when prison manuals restrict the reformation of prisoners from marginalized communities, they violate their right to life ..... to carry out their hereditary trades within prisons, the supposed higher caste prisoners caste privileges were preserved. 156 the 1919-1920 indian jail committee report suggested classification in prisons should ensure that the young and inexperienced offenders were not contaminated by the influence of the more experienced, habitual ..... entertainment; or (b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of state funds or dedicated to the use of the general public. article 15(1) imposes an enforceable obligation on the state to not discriminate against citizens on .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... point, lower down. in many places the children of untouchables are either excluded altogether from ordinary schools, although provided in whole or in part from public funds, otherwise they would be required to sit apart. in some cases, the untouchable children are required to 14 attend the classes standing outside the classroom. ..... violative article 29(2) which stipulates that no citizen shall be denied admission in any educational institution maintained by the state or receiving aid out of state funds on grounds only of religion, race, caste, language, or any of them. the court observed that article 29 does not contain an exception clause such ..... this and kashmir committee the jammu and kashmir scheduled castes and backward classes (reservation) rules, 1970 were framed by the state government.7. 1973 dhebar commission this commission was set up to study the vulnerable tribal ministry of tribal groups. it suggested creation of affairs separate category for the less developed among the tribal .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... against the legislative policy of the advocates act.90. dignity is crucial to substantive equality. the dignity of an individual encompasses the right of the individual to develop their potential to the fullest.96 the right to pursue a profession of one s choice and earn livelihood is integral to the dignity of an individual. ..... enable an advocate to avail of a lifetime benefit of various welfare schemes. this amount is in addition to the enrolment fee of rupees six thousand, processing/ development fees of rupees seven thousand, and other miscellaneous charges. the sbc justified charging rupees six thousand as the enrolment fee on the basis of a bci resolution ..... first 5 years the proportion of the contribution may be reconsidered. 17 (emphasis added) 17. the committee was aware of the fact that the sbcs will require funds to carry out their functions and duties. consequently, the committee recommended that an advocate should pay an enrolment fee of rupees five hundred to the sbcs at the .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... kedia 142. in hingir-rampur coal co. ltd. v. state of orissa,202 writ petitions were filed before this court challenging the orissa mining areas development fund act 1952203 which levied cess on the petitioner s colliery. the petitioner argued that the cess levied under the orissa act was beyond the legislative competence of ..... the division of legislative powers between the union and states 393 peter brown and patrick bond, rating valuation: principles and practice) (3rd edn, elsevier) 13. 394 assessment committee of the metropolitan borough of poplar v. roberts, [1922]. 2 ac93395 peter brown and patrick bond (supra n393) 284. 396 section 5, non-domestic rating (miscellaneous ..... prepared by shri b n rau, the constitutional adviser adopted the above provision in draft entry 43 of the provincial legislative list.331 the expert committee on financial provisions suggested the deletion of the words hearths and windows from draft entry 43 of the provincial legislative list on the ground that such .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... demanding precision and that the intent of the restriction was to ensure quality and accuracy in execution. it was further noted that on recommendation of the professional development committee, the notification had been issued by the council of chartered accountants, which is composed of its members, by its members and for its members. observing ..... audits of non-corporate assessees every year in addition to entitlement of audits conducted under the companies act and other statutes. considering the recommendation of the professional development committee, on 28.04.1988 30.04.1988, the council of the respondent- institute in its 133rd meeting decided to issue a notification under clause (ii) ..... deposits and to require maintenance t.c. (civil) no.29 of 2021 etc. 120 of certain liquidity of funds as well as not to exceed borrowings beyond a particular percentage of the net-owned funds had been provided in the corporate sector. but for these safeguards, the depositors would be left high and dry .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... and elections necessary reforms in electoral finance, vidhi 2018 at p.19. see also lord neill of bladen, qc, fifth report of the committee on standards in public life: the funding of political parties in the united kingdom , 1998 pp 61-62. 116 as elaborated in paragraph 27]. of this judgement, anuradha bhasin ..... variation. the test was followed in flexibility. it does not account for diverse factual australia before the scenarios. in australia, for instance, courts enquire development of whether a law is reasonably appropriate and proportionality and is not adapted to achieving a legitimate end in a frequently used in manner compatible with ..... partner, procreation and sexuality. neither is privacy merely defined from the point of direct state intrusion. privacy is defined as essential protection for the exercise and development of other freedoms protected by the constitution, and from direct or indirect influence by both state and non- 148 justice chandrachud (paragraph 168), justice kaul .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... ; c. where the commission recommended that certain constituent units be centrally administered, it largely envisaged the development of autonomy through eventual mergers with other states or the conferral of state-like characteristics. it recommended the ..... of smaller minorities would not be adequately represented through this method, it was proposed that the advisory committee on the rights of citizens, minorities, and tribal and excluded groups should contain full representation of the ..... and the responsibility of the administrations of such railways as carriers of goods and passengers. maritime shipping and navigation, including shipping and navigation on tidal waters; admiralty jurisdiction. port quarantine. major ports, that is to say ..... not confined to one state but not including universities. 291 welfare of labour including conditions of work, provident funds, employers liability, workmen s compensation, invalidity and old age pensions and maternity benefits. 292 legal, medical and .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... relationship between the signatory and non-signatory party.41 in a situation where claims 39 american fuel corp v. utah energy development co, inc, 122 f.3d 130, 134 (2d cir 1997) 40 american bureau, shipping v. tencara shipyard, 170 f.3d 349, 353 (2d cir 1999) 41 sunkist soft drinks, inc v. sunkist ..... from the decisions rendered by international arbitral tribunals. before proceeding to analyze the contours of the doctrine, it is necessary to understand its origin and development in the international context. such an analysis is particularly relevant because any authoritative determination by this court with regard to the group of companies doctrine ought ..... single economic reality. in such a situation, signatory and non-signatories have been bound together under the arbitration agreement. this will apply in particular when the funds of one company are used to financially support or restructure other members of the group.48. finally, in ongc v. discovery enterprises pvt ltd,81 while .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... empowerment, chairperson national commission for scheduled castes, chairperson, ncsk, member of planning commission dealing with development of scheduled castes, 3 mps from sc communities, secretaries of 7 ministries etc. the functions of this committee, mandated under section 30, are equally important. it is to monitor and advise the central ..... formulated a scheme of national action for mechanize sanitation ecosystem (namaste)22 which proposes to create three tier working committees (working committee, state monitoring committee and district/urban local body-level committee). these committees will meet quarterly to oversee the implementation of namaste. therefore, it was submitted that there is no requirement for ..... 2023 (vol.10) 33 effected through notification no.n-16/5/2021-plan dated 3.2.2022. 19 open appropriate budget heads and allocate funds, etc. it was further submitted that due to continuous monitoring, in 167 cases of sewer deaths during fy202223 till 31.03.2023, compensation of .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : Supreme Court of India
..... court involving interpretation of the most favoured nation (mfn) clause contained in various indian treaties with countries that are members of the organisation for economic cooperation and development (hereafter oecd ). this clause provides for lowering of rate of taxation at source on dividends, interest, royalties or fees for technical services (hereafter fts ) ..... or the right to use industrial, commercial or scientific equipment, other than payments derived by an enterprise described in paragraph 1 of articles 8 and 8a (shipping and air transport) from activities described in paragraph 2(a) of article 8 or paragraph 4(b) of article 8a.5. for purposes of this ..... essentially linked, to the sale of property ; (b) for services that are ancillary and subsidiary to the rental of ships, aircraft, containers or other equipment used in connection with the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic; (c) for teaching in or by educational institutions; (d) for services for the personal .....
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