Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Jul-01-1976
Planned Parenthood v. Danforth - 428 U.S. 52 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Planned Parenthood v. Danforth, 428 U.S. 52 (1976) Planned Parenthood of Central Missouri v. Danforth No. 74-1151 Argued March 23, 1976 Decided July 1, 1976 * 428 U.S. 52 APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI Syllabus Two Missouri-licensed physicians, one of whom performs abortions at hospitals and the other of whom supervises abortions at Planned Parenthood, a not-for-profit corporation, brought suit, along with that organization, for injunctive and declaratory relief challenging the constitutionality of the Missouri abortion statute. The provisions under attack are: 2(2), defining "viability" as "that stage of fetal development when the life of the unborn child may be continued indefinitely outside the womb by natural or artificial life supportive systems;" 3(2), requiring that, before submitting to an abortion during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, a w...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Jun-01-1976
Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welf. Rights. Org. - 426 U.S. 26 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welf. Rights. Org., 426 U.S. 26 (1976) Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welfare Rights Organization No. 74-1124 Argued December 10, 1975 Decided June 1, 1976 * 426 U.S. 26 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondents in No. 74-1124 (hereinafter respondents), several low income individuals and organizations representing such individuals, brought this class action in District Court on behalf of all persons unable to afford hospital services, against the Secretary of the Treasury and the Commissioner of Internal Revenue. They claimed that Revenue Ruling 69-545, which announced an Internal Revenue Service policy of extending favorable tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (Code) to hospitals that did not serve indigents to the extent of the hospitals' financial ability, "encouraged" hospitals to de...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Mar-24-1976
Abbott Laboratories v. Portland Retail Druggists - 425 U.S. 1 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Abbott Laboratories v. Portland Retail Druggists, 425 U.S. 1 (1976) Abbott Laboratories v. Portland Retail Druggists Assn., Inc. No. 74-1274 Argued December 16, 1975 Decided March 24, 1976 425 U.S. 1 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondent, as assignee of more than 60 commercial pharmacies, brought this antitrust action against petitioner manufacturers, charging that, by selling drugs to certain hospitals, each of which has a pharmacy, at prices lower than those charged to respondent's assignors, petitioners violated the Robinson-Patman Act, which makes it unlawful for one engaged in commerce to discriminate in price between different purchasers of like commodities where "the effect . . . may be substantially to lessen competition." 15 U.S.C. 13(a). Petitioners claimed that the challenged sales were exempt under the Nonprofit Institutio...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Jun-07-1976
Cappaert v. United States - 426 U.S. 128 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Cappaert v. United States, 426 U.S. 128 (1976) Cappaert v. United States No. 74-1107 Argued January 12, 1976 Decided June 7, 1976 * 426 U.S. 128 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Devil's Hole, a deep cavern on federal land in Nevada containing an underground pool inhabited by a unique species of desert fish, was reserved as a national monument by a 1952 Presidential Proclamation issued under the American Antiquities Preservation Act, which authorizes the President to proclaim as national monuments, inter alia, "objects of historic or scientific interest" situated on federal land. In 1968, the Cappaerts, petitioners in No. 74-1107, who own a nearby ranch, began pumping groundwater coming from the same source as the water in Devil's Hole, thereby reducing the water level in Devil's Hole and endangering its fish. Subsequently, the Cappaerts applied to the Nevada ...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : May-19-1976
Northern Cheyenne Tribe v. Hollowbreast - 425 U.S. 649 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Northern Cheyenne Tribe v. Hollowbreast, 425 U.S. 649 (1976) Northern Cheyenne Tribe v. Hollowbreast No. 75-145 Argued March 29, 1976 Decided May 19, 1976 425 U.S. 649 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Section 3 of the Northern Cheyenne Allotment Act of 1926 (Act) reserves coal and other mineral deposits underlying lands on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation for the Tribe's benefit, but further provides that, 50 years after approval of the Act, such deposits "shall become the property of the respective allottees or their heirs," and that the "unallotted lands" shall be "subject to the control and management thereof as Congress may deem expedient for the benefit of said Indians." In 1968, Congress amended the Act to reserve the mineral rights "in perpetuity for the benefit of the Tribe," subject to a prior judicial determination that the allottees had...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Jul-01-1976
Bellotti v. Baird - 428 U.S. 132 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Bellotti v. Baird, 428 U.S. 132 (1976) Bellotti v. Baird No. 75-73 Argued March 23, 1976 Decided July 1, 1976 * 428 U.S. 132 APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS Syllabus A 1974 Massachusetts statute governs the type of consent, including parental consent, required before an abortion may be performed on an unmarried woman under the age of 18. Appellees, an abortion counseling organization, its president and its medical director, and several unmarried women who were pregnant at the time, brought a class action against appellant Attorney General and District Attorneys, claiming that the statute violates the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. A temporary restraining order was entered prior to the effective date of the statute. Thereafter, a three-judge District Court held the statute unconstitutional as creating a "parental veto" over the per...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : May-24-1976
Hospital Bldg. Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hosp. - 425 U.S. 738 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Hospital Bldg. Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hosp., 425 U.S. 738 (1976) Hospital Building Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hospital No. 74-1452 Argued February 25, 1976 Decided May 24, 1976 425 U.S. 738 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Petitioner corporation, which operates a 49-bed proprietary hospital (Mary Elizabeth) in Raleigh, N.C. brought this antitrust action alleging that respondents, a private, tax-exempt hospital (Rex) in Raleigh, two of its officers, and a health planning officer, had violated the Sherman Act by conspiring along with others to block the relocation and expansion within Raleigh of Mary Elizabeth, for the purpose of enabling Rex to monopolize the business of providing hospital services in Raleigh. Petitioner alleged that a substantial portion of its medicines and supplies comes from out-of-state sellers; that a large portion of its rev...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Mar-23-1976
Singleton v. Wulff - 428 U.S. 106 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Singleton v. Wulff, 428 U.S. 106 (1976) Singleton v. Wulff No. 74-1393 Argued March 23, 1976 Decided July l, 1976 428 U.S. 106 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Respondents, two Missouri-licensed physicians, brought this action for injunctive relief and a declaration of the unconstitutionality of a Missouri statute that excludes abortions that are not "medically indicated" from the purposes for which Medicaid benefits are available to needy persons. In response to petitioner's pre-answer motion to dismiss, each respondent averred that he had provided, and anticipated providing, abortions to needy patients, and that petitioner, the responsible state official, acting in reliance on the challenged statute, had refused all Medicaid applications filed in connection with such abortions. A three-judge District Court dismissed the relevant count of the complaint for lack of sta...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Mar-23-1976
Paul v. Davis - 424 U.S. 693 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693 (1976) Paul v. Davis No. 74-891 Argued November 4, 1975 Decided March 23, 1976 424 U.S. 693 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT Syllabus A photograph of respondent bearing his name was included in a "flyer" of "active shoplifters," after he had been arrested on a shoplifting charge in Louisville, Ky. After that charge had been dismissed, respondent brought this action under 42 U.S.C. 1983 against petitioner police chiefs, who had distributed the flyer to area merchants, alleging that petitioners' action under color of law deprived him of his constitutional rights. The District Court granted petitioners' motion to dismiss. The Court of Appeals reversed, relying on Wisconsin v. Constantineau, 400 U. S. 433 . Held: 1. Petitioners' action in distributing the flyer did not deprive respondent of any "liberty" or "property" rights secured against state depriv...
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
Decided on : Jun-29-1976
Mathews v. Lucas - 427 U.S. 495 (1976) U.S. Supreme Court Mathews v. Lucas, 427 U.S. 495 (1976) Mathews v. Lucas No. 75-88 Argued January 13, 1976 Decided June 29, 1976 427 U.S. 495 APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF RHODE ISLAND Syllabus The Social Security Act provides that a child of an individual who died fully insured under the Act, is entitled to surviving child's benefits if the child is under 18, or a student under 22, and was dependent at the time of the parent's death. A child is considered dependent if the insured parent was living with him or contributed to the child's support at the time of death. Certain children, however, need not submit such individualized proof of dependency. Unless adopted by some other person, a child who is legitimate or would be entitled to inherit from the insured parent under state law is considered dependent at the time of the parent's death, or even lacking this relationship under state intestacy law is...
Tag this Judgment!