Court : US Supreme Court
..... did not take the central entrepreneurs long to realize that compliance with the legislative edict left the company a vast area of midtown manhattan suitable for realty development. in 1907, central entered into the basic contract with new haven under which the present grand central terminal was built. the 1907 instrument recited that ..... of transportation service, finance and public interest involved in even minor railroad reorganizations and utilizing the commission's experience in these fields for the appraisals of values and the development of a plan of reorganization, fair to the public, creditors and stockholders." ecker v. western pacific r. co., 318 u.s. at 318 u. s. ..... been central to the 77 proceedings, but, in ordering the new haven's inclusion in penn central, the commission exercised authority under both 5 of the interstate commerce act and 77 of the bankruptcy act. the question of the new haven's value was equally central to the requirement under 5 that the commission determine .....
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..... thompson, 206 f.supp. 539, 541 (sd miss.1962). it was also stated that jackson had racially exclusive neighborhoods, that as this residential pattern had developed, the city had "duplicated" its recreational facilities in white and negro areas, and that members of each race "have customarily used the recreational facilities located in ..... says: "[t]o the extent that the municipality had voluntarily undertaken to provide swimming facilities for its citizens, making it unnecessary for the private sector to develop equally adequate facilities, the closing of the pools has insured that racial segregation will be perpetuated. " page 403 u. s. 239 our cases condemn the ..... court there accepted what it designated as the holding of the supreme court of california, namely that the constitutional amendment was an official authorization of racial discrimination which significantly involved the state in the discriminatory acts of private parties. 387 u.s. at 387 u. s. 376 -378, 387 u. s. 380 -381. in .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... the states to exercise such power would adversely affect the price which the government could command from private developers in their bid price. as clearly required by the ocs act, louisiana's sovereign interest in the development of offshore mineral interests stops at its 3-mile border. louisiana, however, presses certain environmental interests ..... is a matter with respect to which congress has given the federal power commission paramount and exclusive authority." ibid. while the special master noted that the ferc was of the opinion that the first-use tax was impermissible, the special master refused ..... the output of thousands of natural gas wells within the state" to the pipeline company. this requirement "could seriously impair the federal commission's authority to regulate the intricate relationship between the purchasers' cost structures and eventual costs to wholesale customers who sell to consumers in other states. this relationship .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... , 419 u. s. 544 . as indicated, however, neither the 1927 statute permitting indians to receive royalties from the lease of tribal lands nor the indian reorganization act of 1934 conveys authority to the indian tribes to tax. see supra at 455 u. s. 163 -165. [ footnote 2/17 ] the only reference to indian tribes in the ..... non-members of the tribe doing business on the reservation." art. xi, 1(e). the revised constitution was approved by the secretary on february 13, 1969. to develop tribal lands, the tribe has executed mineral leases encompassing some 69% of the reservation land. beginning in 1953, the petitioners entered into leases with the tribe. the ..... revised constitution." revised constitution of the jicarilla apache tribe, art. xi, 1. the revised constitution provides that "[t]he tribal council may enact ordinances to govern the development of tribal lands and other resources," art. xi, 1(a)(3). it further provides that "[t]he tribal council may levy and collect taxes and fees on tribal .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... nov. 28, 1989 decided feb. 20, 1990 493 u.s. 521 certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the third circuit syllabus the social security act authorizes the payment of supplemental security income (ssi) benefits to, inter alios, a child who suffers from an impairment of "comparable severity" page 493 u. s. ..... medical factors," but it also says that "disability in children must be defined in terms of the primary activity in which they engage, namely growth and development," and that "[d]escriptions of a child's activities, behavioral adjustment, and school achievement may be considered in relationship to the overall medical history regarding ..... zebley ex rel. zebley v. bowen, 855 f.2d 67 (ca3 1988) (plaintiff zebley denied benefits despite evidence of congenital brain damage, mental retardation, development delay, eye problems and musculoskeletal impairment, because his condition did not meet or equal any listing). the disparity in the secretary's treatment of child and adult .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... challenged lobbying expenses are nonchargeable. i emphatically do not agree that costs of the parts of the union's magazine "that concern teaching and education generally, professional development, unemployment, job opportunities, award programs . . . and other miscellaneous matters," ante at 500 u. s. 529 , can be charged to nonmembers. as ..... one example, presented by the facts before us: the majority would permit charging nonmembers for an informational newsletter that "concern[s] teaching and education generally, professional development, unemployment, job opportunities, award programs of the mea, and other miscellaneous matters," ante at 500 u. s. 529 ; but four members of that ..... statute we consider today, the rla provision at issue in hanson was permissive in nature. it was more expansive than the michigan act, however, because the challenged rla provision authorized an agreement that compelled page 500 u. s. 515 union membership, rather than simply the payment of a service fee by a .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... good reasons to treat this district as the reflection of a religious criterion for identifying the recipients of civil authority. not even the special needs of the children in this community can explain the legislature's unusual act, for the state could have responded to the concerns of the satmar parents without implicating the establishment clause, ..... almost any group of residents the right to incorporate. see supra, at 691. 704 receiving the benefit of special school district laws. early on in the development of public education in new york, the state rejected highly localized school districts for new york city when they were promoted as a way to allow separate ..... absence of a neutral, secular basis" for the law. gillette v. united states, 401 u. s. 437 , 452 (1971); see also arlington heights v. metropolitan housing development corp., 429 u. s. 252 , 266 (1977) (facially race-neutral laws can be invalidated on the basis of their effects only if "unexplainable on grounds other than race .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... franchises that channel capacity and other facilities be devoted to such use." ibid. section 611 of the communications act of 1934, added by the cable communications policy act of 1984 (1984 act), authorized local franchise authorities to require cable operators to set aside channel capacity for peg access when seeking new franchises or renewal of ..... ante, at 742, to justify its avoidance of traditional first amendment standards. if anything, as the plurality recognizes, ante, at 745, those recent developments-which include the growth of satellite broadcast programming and the coming influx of video dialtone services-suggest that local cable operators have little or no monopoly power ..... free exchange of ideas the first amendment is designed to protect. the history of this court's first amendment jurisprudence, however, is one of continual development, as the constitution's general command that "congress shall make no law ... abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press," has been applied .....
Tag this Judgment!Court : US Supreme Court
..... the united states court of appeals for the ninth circuit no. 03 1454.argued november 29, 2004 decided june 6, 2005 california s compassionate use act authorizes limited marijuana use for medicinal purposes. respondents raich and monson are california residents who both use doctor-recommended marijuana for serious medical conditions. after federal drug ..... undermined if congress cannot exert power over individuals like respondents. the declarations are not even specific to marijuana. (facts about substantial effects may be developed in litigation to compensate for the inadequacy of congress findings; in part because this case comes to us from the grant of a preliminary injunction, ..... e.g. , the american heritage dictionary of the english language 583 (3d ed. 1992) (defining economic as [o]f or relating to the production, development, and management of material wealth , as of a country, household, or business enterprise (emphasis added)). the majority does not explain why it selects a remarkably .....
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..... power to attach conditions to federal grants to the states. the aca does not legally compel the states to participate in the expanded medicaid program, but the act authorizes a severe sanction for any state that refuses to go along: termination of all the state s medicaid funding. for the average state, the annual federal medicaid ..... ii)(xx), 1396a(a)(75), 1396a(k), 1396a(gg) to (hh), 1396d(y), 1396r 1(e), 1396u 7(b)(5) to (6). 20 the deficit reduction act of 2005 authorized states to provide benchmark coverage or benchmark equivalent coverage to certain medicaid populations. see 6044, , 7 (2006 ed. and supp. iv). states may offer the same level ..... state governments do not need constitutional au-thorization to act. the states thus can and do perform many of the vital functions of modern government punishing street crime, running public schools, and zoning property for development, to name but a few even though the constitution s text does not authorize any government to do so. our cases refer .....
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