Court : US Supreme Court
Parham v. J.R. - 442 U.S. 584 (1979) U.S. Supreme Court Parham v. J.R., 442 U.S. 584 (1979) Parham v. J.R. No. 75-1690 Argued December 6, 1977 Reargued October 10, 1978 Decided June 20, 1979 442 U.S. 584 APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF GEORGIA Syllabus Appellees, children being treated in a Georgia state mental hospital, instituted in Federal District Court a class action against Georgia mental health officials. Appellees sought a declaratory judgment that Georgia's procedures for voluntary commitment of children under the age of 18 to state mental hospitals violated the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, and requested an injunction against their future enforcement. Under the Georgia statute providing for the voluntary admission of children to state regional hospitals, admission begins with an application for hospitalization signed by a parent or guardian and, upon application, the superintendent of the hospital is autho...
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Fullilove v. Klutznick - 448 U.S. 448 (1980) U.S. Supreme Court Fullilove v. Klutznick, 448 U.S. 448 (1980) Fullilove v. Klutznick No. 78-1007 Argued November 27, 1979 Decided July 2, 1980 448 U.S. 448 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT Syllabus The "minority business enterprise" (MBE) provision of the Public Works Employment Act of 1977 (1977 Act) requires that, absent an administrative waiver, at least 10% of federal funds granted for local public works projects must be used by the state or local grantee to procure services or supplies from businesses owned by minority group members, defined as United States citizens "who are Negroes, Spanish-speaking, Orientals, Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts." Under implementing regulations and guidelines, grantees and their private prime contractors are required, to the extent feasible, in fulfilling the 10% MBE requirement, to seek out all available, qualified, bona fide MBE's, to provide technical a...
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Hubbard v. United States - 514 U.S. 695 (1995) OCTOBER TERM, 1994 Syllabus HUBBARD v. UNITED STATES CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT No. 94-172. Argued February 21, 1995-Decided May 15, 1995 Petitioner's falsehoods in unsworn papers filed in Bankruptcy Court prompted his indictment under 18 U. S. C. 1001, which criminalizes false statements and similar misconduct occurring "in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States." He was convicted after the District Court, relying on United States v. Bramblett, 348 U. S. 503 , instructed the jury that a bankruptcy court is a "department of the United States" within 1001's meaning. In affirming, the Court of Appeals concluded that the so-called "judicial nmction" exception developed in other Circuits, under which 1001 reaches false statements made while a court is performing its "administrative" or "housekeeping" functions, but not its adjudicative fun...
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Bragdon v. Abbott - 524 U.S. 624 (1998) OCTOBER TERM, 1997 Syllabus BRAGDON v. ABBOTT ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT No. 97-156. Argued March 30, 1998-Decided June 25,1998 Respondent Abbott is infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but had not manifested its most serious symptoms when the incidents in question occurred. At that time, she went to petitioner's office for a dental examination and disclosed her HIV infection. Petitioner discovered a cavity and informed respondent of his policy against filling cavities of HIV-infected patients in his office. He offered to perform the work at a hospital at no extra charge, though respondent would have to pay for use of the hospital's facilities. She declined and filed suit under, inter alia, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), which prohibits discrimination against any individual "on the basis of disability in the ... enjoyment of the ... services ... of ...
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Altria Group, Inc. v. Good - 07-562 (2008) SYLLABUS OCTOBER TERM, 2008 ALTRIA GROUP, INC. V. GOOD SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES ALTRIA GROUP, INC., etal. v . GOOD etal. certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the first circuit No. 07562.Argued October 6, 2008Decided December 15, 2008 Respondents, smokers of petitioners light cigarettes, filed suit, alleging that petitioners violated the Maine Unfair Trade Practices Act (MUTPA) by fraudulently advertising that their light cigarettes delivered less tar and nicotine than regular brands. The District Court granted summary judgment for petitioners, finding the state-law claim pre-empted by the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (Labeling Act). The First Circuit reversed, holding that the Labeling Act neither expressly nor impliedly pre-empts respondents fraud claim. Held: Neither the Labeling Acts pre-emption provision nor the Federal Trade Commissions actions in this field pre-empt respondents sta...
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Holder v. Hall - 512 U.S. 874 (1994) OCTOBER TERM, 1993 Syllabus HOLDER, INDIVIDUALLY AND IN HIS OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS COUNTY COMMISSIONER FOR BLECKLEY COUNTY, GEORGIA, ET AL. v. HALL ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 91-2012. Argued October 4, 1993-Decided June 30, 1994 Bleckley County, Georgia, has always had a form of government whereby a single commissioner holds all legislative and executive authority. In 1985, the state legislature authorized the county to adopt by referendum a multimember commission consisting of five members elected from single-member districts and a chair elected at large, but voters defeated the proposal, although they had previously approved a five-member district plan for the county school board. Respondents, black voters and the local chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, filed this action. The District Court rejected their constitutional claim that the single-m...
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Reno v. American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Comm. - 525 U.S. 471 (1998) OCTOBER TERM, 1998 Syllabus RENO, ATTORNEY GENERAL, ET AL. v. AMERICANARAB ANTI-DISCRIMINATION COMMITTEE ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 97-1252. Argued November 4, 1998-Decided February 24,1999 Respondent resident aliens filed this suit, claiming that petitioners, the Attorney General and other federal parties, targeted them for deportation because of their affiliation with a politically unpopular group, in violation of their First and Fifth Amendment rights. Mter the District Court preliminarily enjoined the proceedings against respondents, but while an appeal by the Attorney General was pending, Congress passed the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA), which, inter alia, repealed the old judicial-review scheme in the Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U. S. C. n05a, and instituted a new provision, 8 U. S. C. 1252...
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Breininger v. SMW Int'l - 493 U.S. 67 (1989) U.S. Supreme Court Breininger v. SMW Int'l, 493 U.S. 67 (1989) Breininger v. Sheet Metal Workers International Association Local Union No. 6 No. 88-124 Argued Oct. 10, 1989 Decided Dec. 5, 1989 493 U.S. 67 CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT Syllabus Pursuant to a multi-employer collective bargaining agreement, respondent union operates a hiring hall through which it refers both members and nonmembers for work at the request of employers. The hiring hall is "nonexclusive," in that workers are free to seek employment through other means, and employers are not restricted to hiring persons recommended by the union. Petitioner, a member of the union, filed suit alleging that respondent: (1) violated 101(a)(5) and 609 of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 (LMRDA) -- which forbid a union to "fine, suspend, expe[l] or otherwise discipline" a member for exercising LMRDA-secured ...
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Rufo v. Inmates of Suffolk County Jail - 502 U.S. 367 (1992) OCTOBER TERM, 1991 Syllabus RUFO, SHERIFF OF SUFFOLK COUNTY, ET AL. v. INMATES OF SUFFOLK COUNTY JAIL ET AL. CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT No. 90-954. Argued October 9, 1991-Decided January 15, 1992* Years after the District Court held that conditions at the Suffolk County, Massachusetts, jail were constitutionally deficient, petitioner officials and respondent inmates entered into a consent decree providing for construction of a new jail that, among other things, would provide single occupancy cells for pretrial detainees. Work on the jail was delayed and, in the interim, the inmate population outpaced projections. While construction was still underway, petitioner sheriff moved to modify the decree to allow double bunking in a certain number of cells, thereby raising the jail's capacity. Relying on Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b)-which provides, inter alia, that "upon...
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Ricci v. DeStefano - 07-1428 (2009) SYLLABUS OCTOBER TERM, 2008 RICCI V. DESTEFANO SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES RICCI etal. v . DeSTEFANO etal. certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the second circuit No. 071428.Argued April 22, 2009Decided June 29, 2009 New Haven, Conn. (City), uses objective examinations to identify those firefighters best qualified for promotion. When the results of such an exam to fill vacant lieutenant and captain positions showed that white candidates had outperformed minority candidates, a rancorous public debate ensued. Confronted with arguments both for and against certifying the test resultsand threats of a lawsuit either waythe City threw out the results based on the statistical racial disparity. Petitioners, white and Hispanic firefighters who passed the exams but were denied a chance at promotions by the Citys refusal to certify the test results, sued the City and respondent officials, alleging that discarding the test resul...
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