A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan Semantic Analysis

Semantic Analysis by spaCy

A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan

Decided On : May-24-2007

Court : Kerala

Notice (8): Undefined index: topics [APP/View/Case/meta.ctp, line 36]Code Context

$shops2 = $shops['topics'];
$viewFile = '/home/legalcrystal/app/View/Case/meta.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'title_for_layout' => 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan Semantic Analysis',
	'shops' => array(
		'LAW' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.2',
			(int) 1 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 2 => 'the Code of Civil Procedure',
			(int) 3 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure',
			(int) 4 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 5 => 'Section 60',
			(int) 6 => 'Section 60(1)(c',
			(int) 7 => 'the Amendment Act',
			(int) 8 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 9 => 'Section 60',
			(int) 10 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 11 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 12 => 'Section 60',
			(int) 13 => 'Section 60 of the Code',
			(int) 14 => 'Section 60(1'
		),
		'PERSON' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'Sankaran',
			(int) 1 => 'Sri G. Unnikrishnan',
			(int) 2 => 'Sri',
			(int) 3 => 'Parthasarathy',
			(int) 4 => 'Esthappanose',
			(int) 5 => 'Paripoornan',
			(int) 6 => 'Explanation V. I',
			(int) 7 => 'Paripoornan',
			(int) 8 => 'Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai',
			(int) 9 => 'Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube',
			(int) 10 => 'Ramachandra Iyer',
			(int) 11 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 12 => 'Subba Rao'
		),
		'NORP' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'J.1'
		),
		'ORG' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'this Civil Revision Petition',
			(int) 1 => 'Court',
			(int) 2 => 'Execution Petition',
			(int) 3 => 'Appeal',
			(int) 4 => 'the High Court',
			(int) 5 => 'the Execution Petition',
			(int) 6 => 'Court',
			(int) 7 => 'Devamatha Kuries',
			(int) 8 => 'KLT 793',
			(int) 9 => 'Esthappanose',
			(int) 10 => 'the Supreme Court',
			(int) 11 => 'Legislature',
			(int) 12 => 'Clauses',
			(int) 13 => 'Court',
			(int) 14 => 'Court',
			(int) 15 => 'Bench',
			(int) 16 => 'CPC',
			(int) 17 => 'Division Bench',
			(int) 18 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 19 => 'State Bank of Travancore',
			(int) 20 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 21 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 22 => 'the Transfer of Property Act',
			(int) 23 => 'High Courts',
			(int) 24 => 'Division Bench',
			(int) 25 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 26 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 27 => 'Division Bench',
			(int) 28 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 29 => 'AIR',
			(int) 30 => 'the Supreme Court',
			(int) 31 => 'Ambati Narasayya',
			(int) 32 => 'the Supreme Court',
			(int) 33 => 'Court',
			(int) 34 => 'Court',
			(int) 35 => 'Court',
			(int) 36 => 'Court'
		),
		'CARDINAL' => array(
			(int) 0 => '1',
			(int) 1 => '45,359/-.4',
			(int) 2 => '24',
			(int) 3 => '1',
			(int) 4 => '1',
			(int) 5 => '3',
			(int) 6 => '1',
			(int) 7 => '2',
			(int) 8 => '1961]2SCR163',
			(int) 9 => '1',
			(int) 10 => '909',
			(int) 11 => '1A',
			(int) 12 => '1A',
			(int) 13 => '1A',
			(int) 14 => '1A',
			(int) 15 => '1',
			(int) 16 => '1A',
			(int) 17 => '1',
			(int) 18 => '909',
			(int) 19 => '4',
			(int) 20 => '311.13',
			(int) 21 => 'one'
		),
		'DATE' => array(
			(int) 0 => '12-4-1991',
			(int) 1 => '26-10-1990',
			(int) 2 => 'the year 1991',
			(int) 3 => '20-12-2001',
			(int) 4 => '2003',
			(int) 5 => '1992',
			(int) 6 => '1976',
			(int) 7 => '1987',
			(int) 8 => '1987'
		),
		'MONEY' => array(
			(int) 0 => '21 cents'
		),
		'GPE' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'E.P.',
			(int) 1 => 'butan',
			(int) 2 => 'Counsel',
			(int) 3 => 'Counsel',
			(int) 4 => 'ground.12',
			(int) 5 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 6 => 'KLT',
			(int) 7 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 8 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 9 => 'KLT'
		),
		'PRODUCT' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'Judgment'
		)
	),
	'desc' => array(
		'Judgement' => array(
			'id' => '729414',
			'acts' => 'Transfer of Property Act; <a href="/act/51117/code-of-civil-procedure-1908-complete-act">Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) , 1908</a> - Sections 60(1) and 60(1A)',
			'appealno' => 'CRP No. 1758 of 2003',
			'appellant' => 'A. Govindan',
			'authreffered' => '',
			'casename' => 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan',
			'casenote' => ' - CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908.[C.A. No. 5/1908]. Section 100-A [As substituted by C.P.C. Amendment Act, 2002]:  [V.K. Bali, CJ, Kurian Joseph & K. Balakrishnan Nair, JJ] Applicability  Held, Section is not retrospective. All appeals filed prior to 1.7.2002 are competent. But subsequent to 1.7.2002 intro Court appeals against judgment of single Judge is not maintainable. Provisions of Section 100-A, C.P.C., will prevail over the provisions contained in the Kerala High Court Act, 1959.          -  It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. 11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311. 13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount.',
			'caseanalysis' => null,
			'casesref' => 'Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao;',
			'citingcases' => '',
			'counselplain' => ' G. Unnikrishnon, Adv.',
			'counseldef' => ' B. Krishnan and; Parthasarathy, Advs.',
			'court' => 'Kerala',
			'court_type' => 'HC',
			'decidedon' => '2007-05-24',
			'deposition' => '',
			'favorof' => null,
			'findings' => null,
			'judge' => ' K.T. Sankaran, J.',
			'judgement' => 'ORDER<p style="text-align: justify;">K.T. Sankaran, J.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. In this Civil Revision Petition, the judgment-debtor challenges the order passed by the executing Court rejecting his application for exemption from attachment and sale of his immovable property under Clause (c) of the proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. A money decree was passed against the petitioner herein on 12-4-1991. Immovable property having an extent of 21 cents was attached before judgment On 26-10-1990. Execution Petition was filed in the year 1991. In the Appeal filed by the revision petitioner against the decree, the High Court granted stay of execution on condition of furnishing security for the decree amount. The revision petitioner offered the property in question (which was attached before judgment) as security. In the application filed by the judgment-debtor to receive security, he stated that he was eking out his livelihood from the earnings as a driver.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. In the counter dated 20-12-2001 filed by the judgment-debtor in the Execution Petition, he stated that the land value of the property sought to be sold was Rs. 1,05,000/- and that the market value of the property with improvements would be Rs. 1,30,000/-. Decree was for a sum of Rs. 33,504/- and the amount claimed in the E.P. was Rs. 45,359/-.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. After dismissal of the Appeal, the Execution Petition was proceeded with. In 2003, the judgment-debtor filed an application in the executing Court claiming the benefit under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure. He contended that he is an agriculturist eking out his livelihood by cultivating the property. He contended that he is residing with family in the house situated in the property sought to be sold.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. The decree-holder denied this case of the judgment-debtor and contended that he is not an agriculturist and that he is not residing in the house in the property. There is no house in the property sought to be sould The decree holder also raised a contention that the application is barred by res judicata since at the earlier stages of the execution the judgment-debtor did not raise any contention as is now raised by him. The property was ordered to be sold on 24-6-2003 It was contended that the judgment-debtor did not raise any objection to the attachment at any time before the order for sale was passed and therefore he is barred from raising such a contention. The judgment-debtor filed a rejoinder statement and contended that though he was a driver earlier, he could not continue that job after undergoing a surgical operation. Now, he is not a driver, butan agriculturist.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6. Heard. Sri G. Unnikrishnan, learned Counsel for the petitioner and Sri. Parthasarathy, learned Counsel for the respondent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7. Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that the property mentioned therein is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The proviso to Sub-section (1) states that the 'particulars' mentioned therein shall not be liable to such attachment or sale. Clause (3) of the proviso is the following:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">houses and other buildings (with the materials and the sites thereof and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment) belonging to an agriculturist or a labourer or a domestic servant and occupied by him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Explanation V to the proviso reads as follows:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For the purpose of this proviso, the expression 'agriculturists' means a person who cultivates land personally and who depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land, whether an owner, tenant, partner to agricultural labourer'. Explanation VI states when such an agriculturist 'shall be deemed to cultivate land personally.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">8. On combined reading of Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) and Explanation V thereto, I am of the view that in order to claim exemption under Clause (c), the judgment-debtor must prove the necessary ingredients thereof. He has to prove that he is an agriculturist. There must be evidence to prove that he cultivates land personally and that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. He must also prove that there is a house in the property sought to be sold and that it is occupied by him. Even if all these ingredients are proved, exemption from attachment or sale could be claimed only in respect of the house and other buildings and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">9. The judgment-debtor has, therefore, to prove that the land sought to be sold forms part of the land appurtenant to the house or other building. The proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 is in the nature of an exception to the general rule that lands or houses or other buildings or immovable property is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The existence of the necessary ingredients of Clause (c) of the proviso, therefore, must be proved by the judgment-debtor. The burden of proof is certainly on the judgment debtor. Exemption from attachment and sale could be successfully claimed only in respect of that which is exempted and not the whole property of which the exempted portion forms part. In Esthappanose v. Devamatha Kuries 1992 (2) KLT 793, Justice Paripoornan (as his lordship then was) held that the burden to prove that the land and the. building sought to be attached is entitled to exemption, is on the judgment-debtor. It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. I respectfully follow the decision of Justice Paripoornan in Esthappanose's case. The judgment-debtor did not adduce any documentary or oral evidence to prove that he is entitled to the exemption under Clause (c). He has not proved that he is an agriculturist. Nor did he prove that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. The judgment-debtor did not prove that the property sought to be sold includes a house occupied by him and that what is sought to be sold is the house and appurtenant land.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">10. In Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai v. Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube : [1961]2SCR163 , the Supreme Court, in the majority Judgment, held : 'The object of the exemption in Clause (c) apparently is that an agriculturist should not be left without a roof over, his head. In other words, the Legislature intended by Clauses (b) and (c) to prevent an agriculturist becoming destitute and homeless.' It was also held thus : 'It seems to us that even if it is not necessary that a person must till the land with his own hands to come within the meaning of the word 'agriculturist' he must at least show that he was really dependent for his living on tilling the soil and was unable to maintain himself otherwise.' Explanation V, which was inserted by the Amendment Act of 1976, evidently contains this principle.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. The order passed by the Court below does not call for interference on, this ground.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner submitted that the Court below erroneously thought the judgment-debtor has waived his right to claim exemption from attachment, he having not raised any objection till an order was passed for sale of the property. The learned Counsel submitted that the single Bench decision in Lalithamma v. Ramachandra Iyer 1987 (1) KLT 909 holding that there could be a waiver of the benefit of Clause (c) requires re-consideration. He submitted that in Lalithamma's case, the learned single Judge had not noticed Sub-section (1A) of Section 60, CPC. I do not think it is necessary to discuss this contention in great detail or to refer the case to a Division Bench in view of the finding I have, already arrived at and also in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi v. State Bank of Travancore : AIR1988Ker311 . In Lalithamma's case (supra), the question considered was whether the judgment-debtor would be barred by res judicata in claiming the benefit of Clause (c) when he did of raise any objection to attachment and did not challenge the order for sale. It was held that res judicata would apply. After holding thus, it was further held thus : 'It may also be noted that the prohibition contained in proviso (c) to Section 60(1) is not absolute and that the agriculturist can waive the benefit conferred on him. By not raising an objection to the sale, it may be inferred that the petitioner, even if she is an agriculturist entitled to the benefits of proviso (c) to Section 60(1) has waived the benefit conferred on her by the said proviso.' Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 provides that notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, an agreement by which a person agrees to waive the benefit of any exemption under the Section shall be void. In Lakshmi's case (supra), the question whether a mortgage of the' land and house executed by the judgment-debtor would amount to waiver within the meaning of Sub-section (1A) was considered and it was held in the negative. It was held in Lakshmi's case thus : 'It is not possible to treat execution of a mortgage governed by the provisions of the Transfer of Property Act as a waiver contemplated under Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 of the Code. The question of waiver would arise only in the context of attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The provision was introduced because of difference of opinion among various High Courts as to whether the benefit of exemption under Section 60(1) could be waived by judgment-debtors. It was to protect the interest of the beneficiaires of the exemption under proviso to Sub-section (1) that Sub-section (1A) was enacted by making it clear that there could be no waiver in the eyes of law.' Lalithamma's case 1987 (1) KLT 909 was decided after the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount. He relied on the decision of the Supreme Court in Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao : AIR1990SC119 . In view of the decision of the Supreme Court, the Court below should have considered this question before ordering sale of the entire property. The order impugned is set aside to that extent alone. The executing Court shall consider the question whether it is necessary to sell the entire extent of property in one lot or whether it is sufficient to sell the property in different lots. The executing Court shall allow the parties to adduce evidence on this aspect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Court below shall pass appropriate orders after hearing the parties on this question to the extent indicated above.<p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">',
			'observations' => null,
			'overruledby' => null,
			'prhistory' => '',
			'pubs' => 'AIR2007Ker287',
			'ratiodecidendi' => '',
			'respondent' => 'K.K. Govinda Rajan',
			'sub' => 'Property;Civil',
			'link' => null,
			'circuit' => null
		)
	),
	'args' => array(
		(int) 0 => '729414'
	)
)
$title_for_layout = 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan Semantic Analysis'
$shops = array(
	'LAW' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.2',
		(int) 1 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 2 => 'the Code of Civil Procedure',
		(int) 3 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure',
		(int) 4 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 5 => 'Section 60',
		(int) 6 => 'Section 60(1)(c',
		(int) 7 => 'the Amendment Act',
		(int) 8 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 9 => 'Section 60',
		(int) 10 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 11 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 12 => 'Section 60',
		(int) 13 => 'Section 60 of the Code',
		(int) 14 => 'Section 60(1'
	),
	'PERSON' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'Sankaran',
		(int) 1 => 'Sri G. Unnikrishnan',
		(int) 2 => 'Sri',
		(int) 3 => 'Parthasarathy',
		(int) 4 => 'Esthappanose',
		(int) 5 => 'Paripoornan',
		(int) 6 => 'Explanation V. I',
		(int) 7 => 'Paripoornan',
		(int) 8 => 'Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai',
		(int) 9 => 'Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube',
		(int) 10 => 'Ramachandra Iyer',
		(int) 11 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 12 => 'Subba Rao'
	),
	'NORP' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'J.1'
	),
	'ORG' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'this Civil Revision Petition',
		(int) 1 => 'Court',
		(int) 2 => 'Execution Petition',
		(int) 3 => 'Appeal',
		(int) 4 => 'the High Court',
		(int) 5 => 'the Execution Petition',
		(int) 6 => 'Court',
		(int) 7 => 'Devamatha Kuries',
		(int) 8 => 'KLT 793',
		(int) 9 => 'Esthappanose',
		(int) 10 => 'the Supreme Court',
		(int) 11 => 'Legislature',
		(int) 12 => 'Clauses',
		(int) 13 => 'Court',
		(int) 14 => 'Court',
		(int) 15 => 'Bench',
		(int) 16 => 'CPC',
		(int) 17 => 'Division Bench',
		(int) 18 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 19 => 'State Bank of Travancore',
		(int) 20 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 21 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 22 => 'the Transfer of Property Act',
		(int) 23 => 'High Courts',
		(int) 24 => 'Division Bench',
		(int) 25 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 26 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 27 => 'Division Bench',
		(int) 28 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 29 => 'AIR',
		(int) 30 => 'the Supreme Court',
		(int) 31 => 'Ambati Narasayya',
		(int) 32 => 'the Supreme Court',
		(int) 33 => 'Court',
		(int) 34 => 'Court',
		(int) 35 => 'Court',
		(int) 36 => 'Court'
	),
	'CARDINAL' => array(
		(int) 0 => '1',
		(int) 1 => '45,359/-.4',
		(int) 2 => '24',
		(int) 3 => '1',
		(int) 4 => '1',
		(int) 5 => '3',
		(int) 6 => '1',
		(int) 7 => '2',
		(int) 8 => '1961]2SCR163',
		(int) 9 => '1',
		(int) 10 => '909',
		(int) 11 => '1A',
		(int) 12 => '1A',
		(int) 13 => '1A',
		(int) 14 => '1A',
		(int) 15 => '1',
		(int) 16 => '1A',
		(int) 17 => '1',
		(int) 18 => '909',
		(int) 19 => '4',
		(int) 20 => '311.13',
		(int) 21 => 'one'
	),
	'DATE' => array(
		(int) 0 => '12-4-1991',
		(int) 1 => '26-10-1990',
		(int) 2 => 'the year 1991',
		(int) 3 => '20-12-2001',
		(int) 4 => '2003',
		(int) 5 => '1992',
		(int) 6 => '1976',
		(int) 7 => '1987',
		(int) 8 => '1987'
	),
	'MONEY' => array(
		(int) 0 => '21 cents'
	),
	'GPE' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'E.P.',
		(int) 1 => 'butan',
		(int) 2 => 'Counsel',
		(int) 3 => 'Counsel',
		(int) 4 => 'ground.12',
		(int) 5 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 6 => 'KLT',
		(int) 7 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 8 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 9 => 'KLT'
	),
	'PRODUCT' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'Judgment'
	)
)
$desc = array(
	'Judgement' => array(
		'id' => '729414',
		'acts' => 'Transfer of Property Act; <a href="/act/51117/code-of-civil-procedure-1908-complete-act">Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) , 1908</a> - Sections 60(1) and 60(1A)',
		'appealno' => 'CRP No. 1758 of 2003',
		'appellant' => 'A. Govindan',
		'authreffered' => '',
		'casename' => 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan',
		'casenote' => ' - CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908.[C.A. No. 5/1908]. Section 100-A [As substituted by C.P.C. Amendment Act, 2002]:  [V.K. Bali, CJ, Kurian Joseph & K. Balakrishnan Nair, JJ] Applicability  Held, Section is not retrospective. All appeals filed prior to 1.7.2002 are competent. But subsequent to 1.7.2002 intro Court appeals against judgment of single Judge is not maintainable. Provisions of Section 100-A, C.P.C., will prevail over the provisions contained in the Kerala High Court Act, 1959.          -  It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. 11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311. 13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount.',
		'caseanalysis' => null,
		'casesref' => 'Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao;',
		'citingcases' => '',
		'counselplain' => ' G. Unnikrishnon, Adv.',
		'counseldef' => ' B. Krishnan and; Parthasarathy, Advs.',
		'court' => 'Kerala',
		'court_type' => 'HC',
		'decidedon' => '2007-05-24',
		'deposition' => '',
		'favorof' => null,
		'findings' => null,
		'judge' => ' K.T. Sankaran, J.',
		'judgement' => 'ORDER<p style="text-align: justify;">K.T. Sankaran, J.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. In this Civil Revision Petition, the judgment-debtor challenges the order passed by the executing Court rejecting his application for exemption from attachment and sale of his immovable property under Clause (c) of the proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. A money decree was passed against the petitioner herein on 12-4-1991. Immovable property having an extent of 21 cents was attached before judgment On 26-10-1990. Execution Petition was filed in the year 1991. In the Appeal filed by the revision petitioner against the decree, the High Court granted stay of execution on condition of furnishing security for the decree amount. The revision petitioner offered the property in question (which was attached before judgment) as security. In the application filed by the judgment-debtor to receive security, he stated that he was eking out his livelihood from the earnings as a driver.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. In the counter dated 20-12-2001 filed by the judgment-debtor in the Execution Petition, he stated that the land value of the property sought to be sold was Rs. 1,05,000/- and that the market value of the property with improvements would be Rs. 1,30,000/-. Decree was for a sum of Rs. 33,504/- and the amount claimed in the E.P. was Rs. 45,359/-.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. After dismissal of the Appeal, the Execution Petition was proceeded with. In 2003, the judgment-debtor filed an application in the executing Court claiming the benefit under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure. He contended that he is an agriculturist eking out his livelihood by cultivating the property. He contended that he is residing with family in the house situated in the property sought to be sold.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. The decree-holder denied this case of the judgment-debtor and contended that he is not an agriculturist and that he is not residing in the house in the property. There is no house in the property sought to be sould The decree holder also raised a contention that the application is barred by res judicata since at the earlier stages of the execution the judgment-debtor did not raise any contention as is now raised by him. The property was ordered to be sold on 24-6-2003 It was contended that the judgment-debtor did not raise any objection to the attachment at any time before the order for sale was passed and therefore he is barred from raising such a contention. The judgment-debtor filed a rejoinder statement and contended that though he was a driver earlier, he could not continue that job after undergoing a surgical operation. Now, he is not a driver, butan agriculturist.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6. Heard. Sri G. Unnikrishnan, learned Counsel for the petitioner and Sri. Parthasarathy, learned Counsel for the respondent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7. Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that the property mentioned therein is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The proviso to Sub-section (1) states that the 'particulars' mentioned therein shall not be liable to such attachment or sale. Clause (3) of the proviso is the following:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">houses and other buildings (with the materials and the sites thereof and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment) belonging to an agriculturist or a labourer or a domestic servant and occupied by him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Explanation V to the proviso reads as follows:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For the purpose of this proviso, the expression 'agriculturists' means a person who cultivates land personally and who depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land, whether an owner, tenant, partner to agricultural labourer'. Explanation VI states when such an agriculturist 'shall be deemed to cultivate land personally.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">8. On combined reading of Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) and Explanation V thereto, I am of the view that in order to claim exemption under Clause (c), the judgment-debtor must prove the necessary ingredients thereof. He has to prove that he is an agriculturist. There must be evidence to prove that he cultivates land personally and that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. He must also prove that there is a house in the property sought to be sold and that it is occupied by him. Even if all these ingredients are proved, exemption from attachment or sale could be claimed only in respect of the house and other buildings and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">9. The judgment-debtor has, therefore, to prove that the land sought to be sold forms part of the land appurtenant to the house or other building. The proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 is in the nature of an exception to the general rule that lands or houses or other buildings or immovable property is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The existence of the necessary ingredients of Clause (c) of the proviso, therefore, must be proved by the judgment-debtor. The burden of proof is certainly on the judgment debtor. Exemption from attachment and sale could be successfully claimed only in respect of that which is exempted and not the whole property of which the exempted portion forms part. In Esthappanose v. Devamatha Kuries 1992 (2) KLT 793, Justice Paripoornan (as his lordship then was) held that the burden to prove that the land and the. building sought to be attached is entitled to exemption, is on the judgment-debtor. It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. I respectfully follow the decision of Justice Paripoornan in Esthappanose's case. The judgment-debtor did not adduce any documentary or oral evidence to prove that he is entitled to the exemption under Clause (c). He has not proved that he is an agriculturist. Nor did he prove that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. The judgment-debtor did not prove that the property sought to be sold includes a house occupied by him and that what is sought to be sold is the house and appurtenant land.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">10. In Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai v. Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube : [1961]2SCR163 , the Supreme Court, in the majority Judgment, held : 'The object of the exemption in Clause (c) apparently is that an agriculturist should not be left without a roof over, his head. In other words, the Legislature intended by Clauses (b) and (c) to prevent an agriculturist becoming destitute and homeless.' It was also held thus : 'It seems to us that even if it is not necessary that a person must till the land with his own hands to come within the meaning of the word 'agriculturist' he must at least show that he was really dependent for his living on tilling the soil and was unable to maintain himself otherwise.' Explanation V, which was inserted by the Amendment Act of 1976, evidently contains this principle.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. The order passed by the Court below does not call for interference on, this ground.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner submitted that the Court below erroneously thought the judgment-debtor has waived his right to claim exemption from attachment, he having not raised any objection till an order was passed for sale of the property. The learned Counsel submitted that the single Bench decision in Lalithamma v. Ramachandra Iyer 1987 (1) KLT 909 holding that there could be a waiver of the benefit of Clause (c) requires re-consideration. He submitted that in Lalithamma's case, the learned single Judge had not noticed Sub-section (1A) of Section 60, CPC. I do not think it is necessary to discuss this contention in great detail or to refer the case to a Division Bench in view of the finding I have, already arrived at and also in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi v. State Bank of Travancore : AIR1988Ker311 . In Lalithamma's case (supra), the question considered was whether the judgment-debtor would be barred by res judicata in claiming the benefit of Clause (c) when he did of raise any objection to attachment and did not challenge the order for sale. It was held that res judicata would apply. After holding thus, it was further held thus : 'It may also be noted that the prohibition contained in proviso (c) to Section 60(1) is not absolute and that the agriculturist can waive the benefit conferred on him. By not raising an objection to the sale, it may be inferred that the petitioner, even if she is an agriculturist entitled to the benefits of proviso (c) to Section 60(1) has waived the benefit conferred on her by the said proviso.' Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 provides that notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, an agreement by which a person agrees to waive the benefit of any exemption under the Section shall be void. In Lakshmi's case (supra), the question whether a mortgage of the' land and house executed by the judgment-debtor would amount to waiver within the meaning of Sub-section (1A) was considered and it was held in the negative. It was held in Lakshmi's case thus : 'It is not possible to treat execution of a mortgage governed by the provisions of the Transfer of Property Act as a waiver contemplated under Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 of the Code. The question of waiver would arise only in the context of attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The provision was introduced because of difference of opinion among various High Courts as to whether the benefit of exemption under Section 60(1) could be waived by judgment-debtors. It was to protect the interest of the beneficiaires of the exemption under proviso to Sub-section (1) that Sub-section (1A) was enacted by making it clear that there could be no waiver in the eyes of law.' Lalithamma's case 1987 (1) KLT 909 was decided after the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount. He relied on the decision of the Supreme Court in Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao : AIR1990SC119 . In view of the decision of the Supreme Court, the Court below should have considered this question before ordering sale of the entire property. The order impugned is set aside to that extent alone. The executing Court shall consider the question whether it is necessary to sell the entire extent of property in one lot or whether it is sufficient to sell the property in different lots. The executing Court shall allow the parties to adduce evidence on this aspect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Court below shall pass appropriate orders after hearing the parties on this question to the extent indicated above.<p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">',
		'observations' => null,
		'overruledby' => null,
		'prhistory' => '',
		'pubs' => 'AIR2007Ker287',
		'ratiodecidendi' => '',
		'respondent' => 'K.K. Govinda Rajan',
		'sub' => 'Property;Civil',
		'link' => null,
		'circuit' => null
	)
)
$args = array(
	(int) 0 => '729414'
)
$pattern = '/\(((0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01])[.](0[1-9]|1[012])[.](17|18|19|20)[0-9]{2}).*\)/'
include - APP/View/Case/meta.ctp, line 36
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 963
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

Warning (2): Invalid argument supplied for foreach() [APP/View/Case/meta.ctp, line 39]Code Context//$shops = $shops['entities'];

foreach ($shops2 as $key => $val) {
$viewFile = '/home/legalcrystal/app/View/Case/meta.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'title_for_layout' => 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan Semantic Analysis',
	'shops' => array(
		'LAW' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.2',
			(int) 1 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 2 => 'the Code of Civil Procedure',
			(int) 3 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure',
			(int) 4 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 5 => 'Section 60',
			(int) 6 => 'Section 60(1)(c',
			(int) 7 => 'the Amendment Act',
			(int) 8 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 9 => 'Section 60',
			(int) 10 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 11 => 'Section 60(1',
			(int) 12 => 'Section 60',
			(int) 13 => 'Section 60 of the Code',
			(int) 14 => 'Section 60(1'
		),
		'PERSON' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'Sankaran',
			(int) 1 => 'Sri G. Unnikrishnan',
			(int) 2 => 'Sri',
			(int) 3 => 'Parthasarathy',
			(int) 4 => 'Esthappanose',
			(int) 5 => 'Paripoornan',
			(int) 6 => 'Explanation V. I',
			(int) 7 => 'Paripoornan',
			(int) 8 => 'Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai',
			(int) 9 => 'Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube',
			(int) 10 => 'Ramachandra Iyer',
			(int) 11 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 12 => 'Subba Rao'
		),
		'NORP' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'J.1'
		),
		'ORG' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'this Civil Revision Petition',
			(int) 1 => 'Court',
			(int) 2 => 'Execution Petition',
			(int) 3 => 'Appeal',
			(int) 4 => 'the High Court',
			(int) 5 => 'the Execution Petition',
			(int) 6 => 'Court',
			(int) 7 => 'Devamatha Kuries',
			(int) 8 => 'KLT 793',
			(int) 9 => 'Esthappanose',
			(int) 10 => 'the Supreme Court',
			(int) 11 => 'Legislature',
			(int) 12 => 'Clauses',
			(int) 13 => 'Court',
			(int) 14 => 'Court',
			(int) 15 => 'Bench',
			(int) 16 => 'CPC',
			(int) 17 => 'Division Bench',
			(int) 18 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 19 => 'State Bank of Travancore',
			(int) 20 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 21 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 22 => 'the Transfer of Property Act',
			(int) 23 => 'High Courts',
			(int) 24 => 'Division Bench',
			(int) 25 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 26 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 27 => 'Division Bench',
			(int) 28 => 'Lakshmi',
			(int) 29 => 'AIR',
			(int) 30 => 'the Supreme Court',
			(int) 31 => 'Ambati Narasayya',
			(int) 32 => 'the Supreme Court',
			(int) 33 => 'Court',
			(int) 34 => 'Court',
			(int) 35 => 'Court',
			(int) 36 => 'Court'
		),
		'CARDINAL' => array(
			(int) 0 => '1',
			(int) 1 => '45,359/-.4',
			(int) 2 => '24',
			(int) 3 => '1',
			(int) 4 => '1',
			(int) 5 => '3',
			(int) 6 => '1',
			(int) 7 => '2',
			(int) 8 => '1961]2SCR163',
			(int) 9 => '1',
			(int) 10 => '909',
			(int) 11 => '1A',
			(int) 12 => '1A',
			(int) 13 => '1A',
			(int) 14 => '1A',
			(int) 15 => '1',
			(int) 16 => '1A',
			(int) 17 => '1',
			(int) 18 => '909',
			(int) 19 => '4',
			(int) 20 => '311.13',
			(int) 21 => 'one'
		),
		'DATE' => array(
			(int) 0 => '12-4-1991',
			(int) 1 => '26-10-1990',
			(int) 2 => 'the year 1991',
			(int) 3 => '20-12-2001',
			(int) 4 => '2003',
			(int) 5 => '1992',
			(int) 6 => '1976',
			(int) 7 => '1987',
			(int) 8 => '1987'
		),
		'MONEY' => array(
			(int) 0 => '21 cents'
		),
		'GPE' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'E.P.',
			(int) 1 => 'butan',
			(int) 2 => 'Counsel',
			(int) 3 => 'Counsel',
			(int) 4 => 'ground.12',
			(int) 5 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 6 => 'KLT',
			(int) 7 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 8 => 'Lalithamma',
			(int) 9 => 'KLT'
		),
		'PRODUCT' => array(
			(int) 0 => 'Judgment'
		)
	),
	'desc' => array(
		'Judgement' => array(
			'id' => '729414',
			'acts' => 'Transfer of Property Act; <a href="/act/51117/code-of-civil-procedure-1908-complete-act">Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) , 1908</a> - Sections 60(1) and 60(1A)',
			'appealno' => 'CRP No. 1758 of 2003',
			'appellant' => 'A. Govindan',
			'authreffered' => '',
			'casename' => 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan',
			'casenote' => ' - CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908.[C.A. No. 5/1908]. Section 100-A [As substituted by C.P.C. Amendment Act, 2002]:  [V.K. Bali, CJ, Kurian Joseph & K. Balakrishnan Nair, JJ] Applicability  Held, Section is not retrospective. All appeals filed prior to 1.7.2002 are competent. But subsequent to 1.7.2002 intro Court appeals against judgment of single Judge is not maintainable. Provisions of Section 100-A, C.P.C., will prevail over the provisions contained in the Kerala High Court Act, 1959.          -  It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. 11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311. 13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount.',
			'caseanalysis' => null,
			'casesref' => 'Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao;',
			'citingcases' => '',
			'counselplain' => ' G. Unnikrishnon, Adv.',
			'counseldef' => ' B. Krishnan and; Parthasarathy, Advs.',
			'court' => 'Kerala',
			'court_type' => 'HC',
			'decidedon' => '2007-05-24',
			'deposition' => '',
			'favorof' => null,
			'findings' => null,
			'judge' => ' K.T. Sankaran, J.',
			'judgement' => 'ORDER<p style="text-align: justify;">K.T. Sankaran, J.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. In this Civil Revision Petition, the judgment-debtor challenges the order passed by the executing Court rejecting his application for exemption from attachment and sale of his immovable property under Clause (c) of the proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. A money decree was passed against the petitioner herein on 12-4-1991. Immovable property having an extent of 21 cents was attached before judgment On 26-10-1990. Execution Petition was filed in the year 1991. In the Appeal filed by the revision petitioner against the decree, the High Court granted stay of execution on condition of furnishing security for the decree amount. The revision petitioner offered the property in question (which was attached before judgment) as security. In the application filed by the judgment-debtor to receive security, he stated that he was eking out his livelihood from the earnings as a driver.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. In the counter dated 20-12-2001 filed by the judgment-debtor in the Execution Petition, he stated that the land value of the property sought to be sold was Rs. 1,05,000/- and that the market value of the property with improvements would be Rs. 1,30,000/-. Decree was for a sum of Rs. 33,504/- and the amount claimed in the E.P. was Rs. 45,359/-.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. After dismissal of the Appeal, the Execution Petition was proceeded with. In 2003, the judgment-debtor filed an application in the executing Court claiming the benefit under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure. He contended that he is an agriculturist eking out his livelihood by cultivating the property. He contended that he is residing with family in the house situated in the property sought to be sold.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. The decree-holder denied this case of the judgment-debtor and contended that he is not an agriculturist and that he is not residing in the house in the property. There is no house in the property sought to be sould The decree holder also raised a contention that the application is barred by res judicata since at the earlier stages of the execution the judgment-debtor did not raise any contention as is now raised by him. The property was ordered to be sold on 24-6-2003 It was contended that the judgment-debtor did not raise any objection to the attachment at any time before the order for sale was passed and therefore he is barred from raising such a contention. The judgment-debtor filed a rejoinder statement and contended that though he was a driver earlier, he could not continue that job after undergoing a surgical operation. Now, he is not a driver, butan agriculturist.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6. Heard. Sri G. Unnikrishnan, learned Counsel for the petitioner and Sri. Parthasarathy, learned Counsel for the respondent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7. Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that the property mentioned therein is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The proviso to Sub-section (1) states that the 'particulars' mentioned therein shall not be liable to such attachment or sale. Clause (3) of the proviso is the following:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">houses and other buildings (with the materials and the sites thereof and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment) belonging to an agriculturist or a labourer or a domestic servant and occupied by him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Explanation V to the proviso reads as follows:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For the purpose of this proviso, the expression 'agriculturists' means a person who cultivates land personally and who depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land, whether an owner, tenant, partner to agricultural labourer'. Explanation VI states when such an agriculturist 'shall be deemed to cultivate land personally.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">8. On combined reading of Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) and Explanation V thereto, I am of the view that in order to claim exemption under Clause (c), the judgment-debtor must prove the necessary ingredients thereof. He has to prove that he is an agriculturist. There must be evidence to prove that he cultivates land personally and that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. He must also prove that there is a house in the property sought to be sold and that it is occupied by him. Even if all these ingredients are proved, exemption from attachment or sale could be claimed only in respect of the house and other buildings and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">9. The judgment-debtor has, therefore, to prove that the land sought to be sold forms part of the land appurtenant to the house or other building. The proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 is in the nature of an exception to the general rule that lands or houses or other buildings or immovable property is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The existence of the necessary ingredients of Clause (c) of the proviso, therefore, must be proved by the judgment-debtor. The burden of proof is certainly on the judgment debtor. Exemption from attachment and sale could be successfully claimed only in respect of that which is exempted and not the whole property of which the exempted portion forms part. In Esthappanose v. Devamatha Kuries 1992 (2) KLT 793, Justice Paripoornan (as his lordship then was) held that the burden to prove that the land and the. building sought to be attached is entitled to exemption, is on the judgment-debtor. It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. I respectfully follow the decision of Justice Paripoornan in Esthappanose's case. The judgment-debtor did not adduce any documentary or oral evidence to prove that he is entitled to the exemption under Clause (c). He has not proved that he is an agriculturist. Nor did he prove that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. The judgment-debtor did not prove that the property sought to be sold includes a house occupied by him and that what is sought to be sold is the house and appurtenant land.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">10. In Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai v. Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube : [1961]2SCR163 , the Supreme Court, in the majority Judgment, held : 'The object of the exemption in Clause (c) apparently is that an agriculturist should not be left without a roof over, his head. In other words, the Legislature intended by Clauses (b) and (c) to prevent an agriculturist becoming destitute and homeless.' It was also held thus : 'It seems to us that even if it is not necessary that a person must till the land with his own hands to come within the meaning of the word 'agriculturist' he must at least show that he was really dependent for his living on tilling the soil and was unable to maintain himself otherwise.' Explanation V, which was inserted by the Amendment Act of 1976, evidently contains this principle.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. The order passed by the Court below does not call for interference on, this ground.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner submitted that the Court below erroneously thought the judgment-debtor has waived his right to claim exemption from attachment, he having not raised any objection till an order was passed for sale of the property. The learned Counsel submitted that the single Bench decision in Lalithamma v. Ramachandra Iyer 1987 (1) KLT 909 holding that there could be a waiver of the benefit of Clause (c) requires re-consideration. He submitted that in Lalithamma's case, the learned single Judge had not noticed Sub-section (1A) of Section 60, CPC. I do not think it is necessary to discuss this contention in great detail or to refer the case to a Division Bench in view of the finding I have, already arrived at and also in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi v. State Bank of Travancore : AIR1988Ker311 . In Lalithamma's case (supra), the question considered was whether the judgment-debtor would be barred by res judicata in claiming the benefit of Clause (c) when he did of raise any objection to attachment and did not challenge the order for sale. It was held that res judicata would apply. After holding thus, it was further held thus : 'It may also be noted that the prohibition contained in proviso (c) to Section 60(1) is not absolute and that the agriculturist can waive the benefit conferred on him. By not raising an objection to the sale, it may be inferred that the petitioner, even if she is an agriculturist entitled to the benefits of proviso (c) to Section 60(1) has waived the benefit conferred on her by the said proviso.' Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 provides that notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, an agreement by which a person agrees to waive the benefit of any exemption under the Section shall be void. In Lakshmi's case (supra), the question whether a mortgage of the' land and house executed by the judgment-debtor would amount to waiver within the meaning of Sub-section (1A) was considered and it was held in the negative. It was held in Lakshmi's case thus : 'It is not possible to treat execution of a mortgage governed by the provisions of the Transfer of Property Act as a waiver contemplated under Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 of the Code. The question of waiver would arise only in the context of attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The provision was introduced because of difference of opinion among various High Courts as to whether the benefit of exemption under Section 60(1) could be waived by judgment-debtors. It was to protect the interest of the beneficiaires of the exemption under proviso to Sub-section (1) that Sub-section (1A) was enacted by making it clear that there could be no waiver in the eyes of law.' Lalithamma's case 1987 (1) KLT 909 was decided after the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount. He relied on the decision of the Supreme Court in Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao : AIR1990SC119 . In view of the decision of the Supreme Court, the Court below should have considered this question before ordering sale of the entire property. The order impugned is set aside to that extent alone. The executing Court shall consider the question whether it is necessary to sell the entire extent of property in one lot or whether it is sufficient to sell the property in different lots. The executing Court shall allow the parties to adduce evidence on this aspect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Court below shall pass appropriate orders after hearing the parties on this question to the extent indicated above.<p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">',
			'observations' => null,
			'overruledby' => null,
			'prhistory' => '',
			'pubs' => 'AIR2007Ker287',
			'ratiodecidendi' => '',
			'respondent' => 'K.K. Govinda Rajan',
			'sub' => 'Property;Civil',
			'link' => null,
			'circuit' => null
		)
	),
	'args' => array(
		(int) 0 => '729414'
	)
)
$title_for_layout = 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan Semantic Analysis'
$shops = array(
	'LAW' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.2',
		(int) 1 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 2 => 'the Code of Civil Procedure',
		(int) 3 => 'Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure',
		(int) 4 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 5 => 'Section 60',
		(int) 6 => 'Section 60(1)(c',
		(int) 7 => 'the Amendment Act',
		(int) 8 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 9 => 'Section 60',
		(int) 10 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 11 => 'Section 60(1',
		(int) 12 => 'Section 60',
		(int) 13 => 'Section 60 of the Code',
		(int) 14 => 'Section 60(1'
	),
	'PERSON' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'Sankaran',
		(int) 1 => 'Sri G. Unnikrishnan',
		(int) 2 => 'Sri',
		(int) 3 => 'Parthasarathy',
		(int) 4 => 'Esthappanose',
		(int) 5 => 'Paripoornan',
		(int) 6 => 'Explanation V. I',
		(int) 7 => 'Paripoornan',
		(int) 8 => 'Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai',
		(int) 9 => 'Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube',
		(int) 10 => 'Ramachandra Iyer',
		(int) 11 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 12 => 'Subba Rao'
	),
	'NORP' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'J.1'
	),
	'ORG' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'this Civil Revision Petition',
		(int) 1 => 'Court',
		(int) 2 => 'Execution Petition',
		(int) 3 => 'Appeal',
		(int) 4 => 'the High Court',
		(int) 5 => 'the Execution Petition',
		(int) 6 => 'Court',
		(int) 7 => 'Devamatha Kuries',
		(int) 8 => 'KLT 793',
		(int) 9 => 'Esthappanose',
		(int) 10 => 'the Supreme Court',
		(int) 11 => 'Legislature',
		(int) 12 => 'Clauses',
		(int) 13 => 'Court',
		(int) 14 => 'Court',
		(int) 15 => 'Bench',
		(int) 16 => 'CPC',
		(int) 17 => 'Division Bench',
		(int) 18 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 19 => 'State Bank of Travancore',
		(int) 20 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 21 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 22 => 'the Transfer of Property Act',
		(int) 23 => 'High Courts',
		(int) 24 => 'Division Bench',
		(int) 25 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 26 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 27 => 'Division Bench',
		(int) 28 => 'Lakshmi',
		(int) 29 => 'AIR',
		(int) 30 => 'the Supreme Court',
		(int) 31 => 'Ambati Narasayya',
		(int) 32 => 'the Supreme Court',
		(int) 33 => 'Court',
		(int) 34 => 'Court',
		(int) 35 => 'Court',
		(int) 36 => 'Court'
	),
	'CARDINAL' => array(
		(int) 0 => '1',
		(int) 1 => '45,359/-.4',
		(int) 2 => '24',
		(int) 3 => '1',
		(int) 4 => '1',
		(int) 5 => '3',
		(int) 6 => '1',
		(int) 7 => '2',
		(int) 8 => '1961]2SCR163',
		(int) 9 => '1',
		(int) 10 => '909',
		(int) 11 => '1A',
		(int) 12 => '1A',
		(int) 13 => '1A',
		(int) 14 => '1A',
		(int) 15 => '1',
		(int) 16 => '1A',
		(int) 17 => '1',
		(int) 18 => '909',
		(int) 19 => '4',
		(int) 20 => '311.13',
		(int) 21 => 'one'
	),
	'DATE' => array(
		(int) 0 => '12-4-1991',
		(int) 1 => '26-10-1990',
		(int) 2 => 'the year 1991',
		(int) 3 => '20-12-2001',
		(int) 4 => '2003',
		(int) 5 => '1992',
		(int) 6 => '1976',
		(int) 7 => '1987',
		(int) 8 => '1987'
	),
	'MONEY' => array(
		(int) 0 => '21 cents'
	),
	'GPE' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'E.P.',
		(int) 1 => 'butan',
		(int) 2 => 'Counsel',
		(int) 3 => 'Counsel',
		(int) 4 => 'ground.12',
		(int) 5 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 6 => 'KLT',
		(int) 7 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 8 => 'Lalithamma',
		(int) 9 => 'KLT'
	),
	'PRODUCT' => array(
		(int) 0 => 'Judgment'
	)
)
$desc = array(
	'Judgement' => array(
		'id' => '729414',
		'acts' => 'Transfer of Property Act; <a href="/act/51117/code-of-civil-procedure-1908-complete-act">Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) , 1908</a> - Sections 60(1) and 60(1A)',
		'appealno' => 'CRP No. 1758 of 2003',
		'appellant' => 'A. Govindan',
		'authreffered' => '',
		'casename' => 'A. Govindan Vs. K.K. Govinda Rajan',
		'casenote' => ' - CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908.[C.A. No. 5/1908]. Section 100-A [As substituted by C.P.C. Amendment Act, 2002]:  [V.K. Bali, CJ, Kurian Joseph & K. Balakrishnan Nair, JJ] Applicability  Held, Section is not retrospective. All appeals filed prior to 1.7.2002 are competent. But subsequent to 1.7.2002 intro Court appeals against judgment of single Judge is not maintainable. Provisions of Section 100-A, C.P.C., will prevail over the provisions contained in the Kerala High Court Act, 1959.          -  It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. 11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311. 13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount.',
		'caseanalysis' => null,
		'casesref' => 'Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao;',
		'citingcases' => '',
		'counselplain' => ' G. Unnikrishnon, Adv.',
		'counseldef' => ' B. Krishnan and; Parthasarathy, Advs.',
		'court' => 'Kerala',
		'court_type' => 'HC',
		'decidedon' => '2007-05-24',
		'deposition' => '',
		'favorof' => null,
		'findings' => null,
		'judge' => ' K.T. Sankaran, J.',
		'judgement' => 'ORDER<p style="text-align: justify;">K.T. Sankaran, J.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. In this Civil Revision Petition, the judgment-debtor challenges the order passed by the executing Court rejecting his application for exemption from attachment and sale of his immovable property under Clause (c) of the proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. A money decree was passed against the petitioner herein on 12-4-1991. Immovable property having an extent of 21 cents was attached before judgment On 26-10-1990. Execution Petition was filed in the year 1991. In the Appeal filed by the revision petitioner against the decree, the High Court granted stay of execution on condition of furnishing security for the decree amount. The revision petitioner offered the property in question (which was attached before judgment) as security. In the application filed by the judgment-debtor to receive security, he stated that he was eking out his livelihood from the earnings as a driver.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. In the counter dated 20-12-2001 filed by the judgment-debtor in the Execution Petition, he stated that the land value of the property sought to be sold was Rs. 1,05,000/- and that the market value of the property with improvements would be Rs. 1,30,000/-. Decree was for a sum of Rs. 33,504/- and the amount claimed in the E.P. was Rs. 45,359/-.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. After dismissal of the Appeal, the Execution Petition was proceeded with. In 2003, the judgment-debtor filed an application in the executing Court claiming the benefit under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure. He contended that he is an agriculturist eking out his livelihood by cultivating the property. He contended that he is residing with family in the house situated in the property sought to be sold.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. The decree-holder denied this case of the judgment-debtor and contended that he is not an agriculturist and that he is not residing in the house in the property. There is no house in the property sought to be sould The decree holder also raised a contention that the application is barred by res judicata since at the earlier stages of the execution the judgment-debtor did not raise any contention as is now raised by him. The property was ordered to be sold on 24-6-2003 It was contended that the judgment-debtor did not raise any objection to the attachment at any time before the order for sale was passed and therefore he is barred from raising such a contention. The judgment-debtor filed a rejoinder statement and contended that though he was a driver earlier, he could not continue that job after undergoing a surgical operation. Now, he is not a driver, butan agriculturist.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6. Heard. Sri G. Unnikrishnan, learned Counsel for the petitioner and Sri. Parthasarathy, learned Counsel for the respondent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7. Sub-section (1) of Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that the property mentioned therein is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The proviso to Sub-section (1) states that the 'particulars' mentioned therein shall not be liable to such attachment or sale. Clause (3) of the proviso is the following:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">houses and other buildings (with the materials and the sites thereof and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment) belonging to an agriculturist or a labourer or a domestic servant and occupied by him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Explanation V to the proviso reads as follows:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For the purpose of this proviso, the expression 'agriculturists' means a person who cultivates land personally and who depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land, whether an owner, tenant, partner to agricultural labourer'. Explanation VI states when such an agriculturist 'shall be deemed to cultivate land personally.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">8. On combined reading of Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1) and Explanation V thereto, I am of the view that in order to claim exemption under Clause (c), the judgment-debtor must prove the necessary ingredients thereof. He has to prove that he is an agriculturist. There must be evidence to prove that he cultivates land personally and that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. He must also prove that there is a house in the property sought to be sold and that it is occupied by him. Even if all these ingredients are proved, exemption from attachment or sale could be claimed only in respect of the house and other buildings and the land immediately appurtenant thereto and necessary for their enjoyment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">9. The judgment-debtor has, therefore, to prove that the land sought to be sold forms part of the land appurtenant to the house or other building. The proviso to Sub-section (1) of Section 60 is in the nature of an exception to the general rule that lands or houses or other buildings or immovable property is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The existence of the necessary ingredients of Clause (c) of the proviso, therefore, must be proved by the judgment-debtor. The burden of proof is certainly on the judgment debtor. Exemption from attachment and sale could be successfully claimed only in respect of that which is exempted and not the whole property of which the exempted portion forms part. In Esthappanose v. Devamatha Kuries 1992 (2) KLT 793, Justice Paripoornan (as his lordship then was) held that the burden to prove that the land and the. building sought to be attached is entitled to exemption, is on the judgment-debtor. It was held that the burden is on the Judgment-debtor to establish facts, clearly to bring his case within Section 60(1)(c) read with Explanation V. I respectfully follow the decision of Justice Paripoornan in Esthappanose's case. The judgment-debtor did not adduce any documentary or oral evidence to prove that he is entitled to the exemption under Clause (c). He has not proved that he is an agriculturist. Nor did he prove that he depends for his livelihood mainly on the income from agricultural land. The judgment-debtor did not prove that the property sought to be sold includes a house occupied by him and that what is sought to be sold is the house and appurtenant land.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">10. In Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai v. Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube : [1961]2SCR163 , the Supreme Court, in the majority Judgment, held : 'The object of the exemption in Clause (c) apparently is that an agriculturist should not be left without a roof over, his head. In other words, the Legislature intended by Clauses (b) and (c) to prevent an agriculturist becoming destitute and homeless.' It was also held thus : 'It seems to us that even if it is not necessary that a person must till the land with his own hands to come within the meaning of the word 'agriculturist' he must at least show that he was really dependent for his living on tilling the soil and was unable to maintain himself otherwise.' Explanation V, which was inserted by the Amendment Act of 1976, evidently contains this principle.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">11. The judgment-debtor failed to prove, that he is entitled to claim exemption under Clause (c) of the proviso to Section 60(1). The contentions raised by the revision petitioner are without merit. The order passed by the Court below does not call for interference on, this ground.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">12. The learned Counsel for the petitioner submitted that the Court below erroneously thought the judgment-debtor has waived his right to claim exemption from attachment, he having not raised any objection till an order was passed for sale of the property. The learned Counsel submitted that the single Bench decision in Lalithamma v. Ramachandra Iyer 1987 (1) KLT 909 holding that there could be a waiver of the benefit of Clause (c) requires re-consideration. He submitted that in Lalithamma's case, the learned single Judge had not noticed Sub-section (1A) of Section 60, CPC. I do not think it is necessary to discuss this contention in great detail or to refer the case to a Division Bench in view of the finding I have, already arrived at and also in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi v. State Bank of Travancore : AIR1988Ker311 . In Lalithamma's case (supra), the question considered was whether the judgment-debtor would be barred by res judicata in claiming the benefit of Clause (c) when he did of raise any objection to attachment and did not challenge the order for sale. It was held that res judicata would apply. After holding thus, it was further held thus : 'It may also be noted that the prohibition contained in proviso (c) to Section 60(1) is not absolute and that the agriculturist can waive the benefit conferred on him. By not raising an objection to the sale, it may be inferred that the petitioner, even if she is an agriculturist entitled to the benefits of proviso (c) to Section 60(1) has waived the benefit conferred on her by the said proviso.' Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 provides that notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, an agreement by which a person agrees to waive the benefit of any exemption under the Section shall be void. In Lakshmi's case (supra), the question whether a mortgage of the' land and house executed by the judgment-debtor would amount to waiver within the meaning of Sub-section (1A) was considered and it was held in the negative. It was held in Lakshmi's case thus : 'It is not possible to treat execution of a mortgage governed by the provisions of the Transfer of Property Act as a waiver contemplated under Sub-section (1A) of Section 60 of the Code. The question of waiver would arise only in the context of attachment and sale in execution of a decree. The provision was introduced because of difference of opinion among various High Courts as to whether the benefit of exemption under Section 60(1) could be waived by judgment-debtors. It was to protect the interest of the beneficiaires of the exemption under proviso to Sub-section (1) that Sub-section (1A) was enacted by making it clear that there could be no waiver in the eyes of law.' Lalithamma's case 1987 (1) KLT 909 was decided after the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case. I am of the view that the finding of waiver in paragraph 4 of the judgment in Lalithamma's case does not hold good in view of the Division Bench decision in Lakshmi's case AIR 1988 Ker 311.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13. The learned Counsel for the revision petitioner contended that even if the property is liable to be sold, it is not necessary to sell the whole extent of the property as sale of a portion of the property would be sufficient to realize the decree amount. He relied on the decision of the Supreme Court in Ambati Narasayya v. Subba Rao : AIR1990SC119 . In view of the decision of the Supreme Court, the Court below should have considered this question before ordering sale of the entire property. The order impugned is set aside to that extent alone. The executing Court shall consider the question whether it is necessary to sell the entire extent of property in one lot or whether it is sufficient to sell the property in different lots. The executing Court shall allow the parties to adduce evidence on this aspect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Court below shall pass appropriate orders after hearing the parties on this question to the extent indicated above.<p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">',
		'observations' => null,
		'overruledby' => null,
		'prhistory' => '',
		'pubs' => 'AIR2007Ker287',
		'ratiodecidendi' => '',
		'respondent' => 'K.K. Govinda Rajan',
		'sub' => 'Property;Civil',
		'link' => null,
		'circuit' => null
	)
)
$args = array(
	(int) 0 => '729414'
)
$pattern = '/\(((0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01])[.](0[1-9]|1[012])[.](17|18|19|20)[0-9]{2}).*\)/'
$shops2 = null
include - APP/View/Case/meta.ctp, line 39
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 963
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

LAW: Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure.2, Section 60(1, the Code of Civil Procedure, Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure, Section 60(1, Section 60, Section 60(1)(c, the Amendment Act, Section 60(1, Section 60, Section 60(1, Section 60(1, Section 60, Section 60 of the Code, Section 60(1

PERSON: Sankaran, Sri G. Unnikrishnan, Sri, Parthasarathy, Esthappanose, Paripoornan, Explanation V. I, Paripoornan, Shrimant Appasaheb Tuljaram Desai, Bhalchandra Vithalrao Thube, Ramachandra Iyer, Lalithamma, Subba Rao

NORP: J.1

ORG: this Civil Revision Petition, Court, Execution Petition, Appeal, the High Court, the Execution Petition, Court, Devamatha Kuries, KLT 793, Esthappanose, the Supreme Court, Legislature, Clauses, Court, Court, Bench, CPC, Division Bench, Lakshmi, State Bank of Travancore, Lakshmi, Lakshmi, the Transfer of Property Act, High Courts, Division Bench, Lakshmi, Lalithamma, Division Bench, Lakshmi, AIR, the Supreme Court, Ambati Narasayya, the Supreme Court, Court, Court, Court, Court

CARDINAL: 1, 45,359/-.4, 24, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1961]2SCR163, 1, 909, 1A, 1A, 1A, 1A, 1, 1A, 1, 909, 4, 311.13, one

DATE: 12-4-1991, 26-10-1990, the year 1991, 20-12-2001, 2003, 1992, 1976, 1987, 1987

MONEY: 21 cents

GPE: E.P., butan, Counsel, Counsel, ground.12, Lalithamma, KLT, Lalithamma, Lalithamma, KLT

PRODUCT: Judgment