Hakim Imtiyaz Hussain, J.
1. This Habeas Corpus petition has been filed by one Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag for quashing the order of detention passed against his son Sajad Ahmad Bhat and for his release.
2. Through the medium of the present petition the petitioner seeks quashment of order No. Det/PSA/05/08 dated 4.4.2005 passed by the District Magistrate, Anantnag under the provisions of the Jammu & Kashmir Public Safety Act, 1978 (for short the Act). The main ground raised to challenge the order of detention is that the same has been passed without due application of mind.
3. The State has filed the reply and has also produced the record to show that the order impugned is in accordance with the provisions of the Act.
4. Heard. I have perused the record relating to the detention of the detenue. District Magistrate, Anantnag has directed the detention of Sajad Ahmad Bhat the detenue vide order of detention No. Det/PSA/05/08 dated 4.4.20045. The order reads reads as under:
Whereas, Sr. Superintendent of Police Anantnag vide his No. Pros/Dett/05/6440-43 dated 2.4.2005 has produced material record such as dossier and other connecting documents in respect of Sh. Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag who has been arrested in case FIR No. 56/05 Under Section 212 RPC, 7/25 A. Act stands registered against the subject with Police Station Bijbehara.
Whereas I, Baseer Ahmad Khan District Magistrate Anantnag have gone through the contention of dossier produced before me carefully in respect of the said person.
Whereas, I am satisfied that with a view to preventing of Sh. Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag from acting in any manner which, is prejudicial to the security of the State and it is necessary so to do. Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by Section 8 Clause(a) of J&K; Public Safety Act, 1978 I, Baseer Ahmad Khan District Magistrate Anantnag hereby direct that the said Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag be detained and lodged in Central Jail Kotbilwal Jammu for a period of 24 months.
5. The detention has been ordered on the following grounds:
You Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag are a permanent resident of J&K; State.
Your age is about 21 years. Your educational qualification is 10+2 pass. . You have mole on left side of face as a mark of identification. You namely Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nakbi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag are an over ground worker of terrorist organization 'Hizbul Mujahideen' having its head quarter in Pakistan occupied Kashmir. The sole aim of this banned organization is to secede the State of Jammu & Kashmir from the union of India by waging an armed war in Jammu & Kashmir State. To achieve this gaol the organization has its aim/objective by killing the innocent people particularly politicians and the prominent citizen of the society on one hand so that chaos and confusion is created in the minds of general public to jeopardize the peace and tranquillity and disturb communal harmony in the State. On the other hands its aim is to indulge in armed attacks and ambushes on the members of security forces defending the mother land against the evil design of terrorist. The organization also indulge in Exploding improvised Explosive Devices. Lobbing of bomb to cause large scale destruction in persuit of its civil goals.
You namely Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag have been motivated by one Gulzar Ahmad Tantray who is an active militant of Hizbul Mujahideen banned outfit to join the said organization. On his motivation you joined the said militant outfit. You namely Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh.Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag were providing food and shelter to the militant and also carry their weapons from one place to another in order to carry antinational and subversive activities. You being an active worker of banned outfit 'Hizbul Mujahideen' were motivating the youths to join the said banned organization. You also provides information regarding movement of security, Police VIP & WIP's to the militant so that they could easily be targeted by the militant. You namely Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag alongwith your associate Tariq and Manzoor Ahmad have been arrested by SOG Anantnag at Darkhan Darigund on 29.3.2005 at recovered 02 detonators. 15 RDs of AK 47, one remote control set from your possession. In which connection case Fir No. 56/05 Under Section 212 RPC 7/25 A. Act stands registered in Police Station Bijbehara. You have been arrested in the instant case and are on proper remand.
You namely Sajad Ahmed Bhat S/o Gh. Nalbi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag are an over ground worker of Hizbul Mujahideen banned outfit having close links with anti national elements through your aspects and motivator your activities are highly prejudicial detrimental for maintenance of peace and security of the State otherwise for maintenance of peace and security otherwise you will be a great threat to the security of State of J&K.; It is manifest from the above facts that your activities are highly prejudicial to the security of the State. Hence you are hereby detained under the provision of J&K; Public Safety Act 1978 and you have a right of representation against the said order.
6. The detention order, reproduced above would show that the detention of the detenue is actually based on the dossier of the Senior Superintendent of Police Anantnag. Though the detaining authority states that the Sr. Superintendent of Police has produced other connecting documents in respect of the detenue but no such 'other' material is on file. The detaining authority has also observed that he has gone through 'the contention of dossier' which shows only the dossier has been produced or if any other material was sent to the detaining authority it was not considered by him. A perusal of the grounds of detention and the dossier shows that the grounds is a verbatim copy of the dossier with minor changes at the beginning of the sentence.
7. In Naba Lone v. District Magistrate 1988 SLJ 300 this Court while dealing with a case where a similar situation arose observed:
The grounds of detention supplied to the detenue is a copy of the police dossier, which was placed before the District Magistrate for his subjective satisfaction in order to detain the detenue. This shows total non-application of mind on the part of the detaining authority. He has dittoed the Police direction without applying his mind to the facts of the case.
8. In Noor-ud-Din Shah v. State of J&K; and Ors. 1989 SLJ 1, this Court quashed the order of detention which was only a reproduction of the dossier supplied to the Authority on the ground that it amounted to non-application of mind. The Court observed:
I have thoroughly by examined the dossier submitted by the Superintendent of Police, Anantnag, to District Magistrate, Anantnag as also the grounds of detention formulated by the latter for the detention of the detenue in the present case, and I find the said grounds of detention are nothing but the verbatim reproduction of the dossier as forwarded by the Police to the detaining authority. He has only changed the number of paragraphs, trying in vain to give it a different shape. This is in fact a case of non-application of mind on the detaining authority. Without applying his own mind to the facts of the case. He has acted as an agent of the police. It was his legal duty to find out if the allegations levelled by the police against the detenue in the dossier were really going to effect the maintenance of public order, as a result of the activities, allegedly, committed by him. He had also to find out whether such activities were going to affect the public order is future also as a result of which it was necessary to detain the detenue, so as to prevent him from doing so. After all, the preventive detention envisaged under the Act is in fact only to prevent a person from acting in any manner which may be prejudicial to the maintenance of public order, and not to punish him for his past penal acts. The learned District Magistrate appears to have passed the impugned order in a routine manner being in different to the import of preventive detention as or detained in the Act, Passing of an order without application of mind goes to the root of its validity, and in that case, the question of going into the genuinenss or otherwise of the grounds does not arise. Having found that the detaining authority has not applied his mind to the facts of the case while passing the impugned order, it is not necessary to go to the merits of the grounds of detention, as mandated by Section 10A of the Act.
9. A similar situation arose in Jai Singh and Ors. v. State of Jammu & Kashmir : 1985CriLJ527 before the Supreme Court. The court quashed the detention as it found that there cannot be a greater proof of non-application of mind and that the liberty of a subject being a serious matter, it is not to be tripled with in this casual, in different and routine manner. The Court observed:
First taking up the case of Jai Singh, the first of the petitioners before us, a perusal of the grounds of detention shows that it is a verbatim reproduction of the dossier submitted by the Senior Superintendent of Police, Udhampur to the District Magistrate requesting that a detention order may kindly be issued. At the top of the dossier, the name is mentioned as Sardar Jail Singh, father's name is mentioned as Sardar Ram Singh and the address is given as village Bharakh, Tehsil Reasi. Thereafter it is recited 'The subject is an important member of....'
Thereafter follow various allegations against Jai Singh, paragraph by paragraph. In the grounds of detention, all that the District Magistrate has done is to change the first three words 'the subject is' into 'you Jai Singh, S/o Ram Singh, resident of village Bharakh, S/o Ram Singh, resident of village Bharakh, Tehsil Reasi'. Thereafter word for word the police dossier is repeated and the word 'he' wherever it occurs referring to Jail Singh in the dossier is changed into 'you' in the grounds of detention. We are afraid it is difficult of find greater proof of non-application of mind. The liberty of a subject is a serious matter and it is not to be trifled with in this casual, indifferent and routine manner.
10. It is well settled now that the courts while exercising powers of judicial review do not consider the challenge to an order of detention, as if on an appeal re-appreciating the materials, yet since an order of detention involves the fundamental rights of citizen, it is open to the courts to see whether there has been proper application of mind on the part of the detaining authority and that all the relevant and vital materials for the purpose have been noticed, adverted to and considered. Reliance in this behalf may be placed on Chowdradu Raghunandan v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors. : 2002CriLJ1836 where the Apex Court held:
Though, no doubt Courts exercising powers of judicial review do not consider the challenge to an order of detention, as if on an appeal re-appreciating the materials, yet since an order of detention in prison involves the fundamental rights of citizen, freedom of movement and pursuit of normal life and liberty, no absolute immunity can be claimed by the respondents as to the decision arrived and it is open to the Courts to see whether there has been due and proper application of mind and that all the relevant and vital materials for the purpose have been noticed, adverted to and considered. So far as the facts of the present case are concerned, the plea ion behalf of the petitioner is not that some one else also is concerned with the offending act but that he has nothing to do with it and that the baggage containing the contraband really belonged to such other person. Such plea cannot be also brushed aside in this case as one merely invented in the air but seem to have necessary basis from the fact that baggage Ticket Nos. 0021777 and 0021771 were registered in the name of one Babu and that concedingly action and investigation in this regard is still pending and has not concluded so far. If the baggage really belonged to another person as was stated to have been registered. It necessarily follows that the petitioner cannot be the owner of the very same baggage. The seriously doubtful position about the elementary and basic fact regarding the ownership of the baggage and the admitted inconclusive stage of the investigation in this regard could not legitimately help the authorities to pass any order of detention against the petitioner on the perfunctory and inchoate materials relied upon. Apart from the absence of any positive or concrete materials to connect the baggage in question with the petitioner, the nature of stand disclosed in the counter affidavit filed on behalf of the 1st respondent on this aspect does not really help the authority to prove that the said material and such vitally relevant aspect was either adverted to or really considered before passing the order of detention. Consequently, the impugned order suffers the vice of total non-application of mind to a relevant and vital material touching question of the culpability as well as the necessity to order the detention of the petitioner. The impugned order of detention therefore, has been rightly quashed and the writ petitioner ordered to be released from detention in prison.' It is only from the detention order and the material placed before the detaining authority that the court can come to the conclusion as to whether there was proper application of mind in directing the detention or not. Where the detaining authority solely basis its opinion on the dossier of the police and simply reproduces it in the grounds of detention and there is no indication either in the order of detention or the grounds of detention that the authority himself appreciated the contentions in the dossier, gave due considerations to it and was satisfied that there were grounds to proceed it cannot be said that there was a due application of mind on the part of the detaining authority. Mere reproduction of dossier is not sufficient unless supported with other material to show due application of mind.
11. Applying this settled legal position to the facts of the present case I find the order impugned cannot stand as it is based on the grounds of detention which is only a verbatim copy of the police dossier. In the facts and circumstances I find not due application of mind on the part of the detaining authority while passing the order impugned. In view of this ground I need not to go to other grounds raised in the petition.
12. The petition is therefore, allowed. Detention order No. Det/PSA/05/08 dated 4.4.2005 impugned in the present petition is hereby quashed. Detenue Sajad Ahmad Bhat S/o Gh. Nabi Bhat R/o Kathsoo Tehsil Pahalgam District Anantnag be released from custody in this case forthwith provided he is not required in any other case.
13. Record produced by Ld. Dy. AG is returned to him in the open court.