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The Indian Penal Code 1860 Complete Act

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....1908, `India', means the territory of India excluding the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Under s. 2(e) of the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969, `India' means for the purposes of this Act the territories to which this Act extends (i.e., whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir). According to s. 2(27) of Customs Act, 1962, `India' includes the territorial waters of India. SECTION 19: "JUDGE" The word "judge" denotes not only every person who is officially designated as a Judge, but also every person, who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or criminal, a definitive judgement or a judgement which, if not appealed against, would be definitive, or a judgement which, if confirmed by some other authority, would be definitive, or who is one of a body of persons, which body of persons is empowered by law to give such a judgement. Illustrations (a) A Collector exercising jurisdiction in a suit under Act 10 of 1859, is a Judge. (b) A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has power to sentence to fine or imprisonment, with or without appeal, is a Judge. (c) A member of a Panchayat which has power.....

Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Chapter 17

Title: Of Offences Against Property

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....intends to deliver the indigo plant, and afterwards breaks his contract and does not deliver it, he does not cheat, but is liable only to a civil action for breach of contract. (h) A intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A has performed A's part of a contract made with Z, which he has not performed, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to pay money. A cheats. (i) A sells and conveys an estate to B. A, knowing that in consequence of such sale he has no right to the property, sells or mortgages the same to Z, without disclosing the fact of the previous sale and conveyance to B, and receives the purchase or mortgage money for Z. A cheats. Section 416 - Cheating by personation A person is said to "cheat by personation" if he cheats by pretending to be some other person, or by knowingly substituting one person for another, or representing that he or any other person is a person other than he or such other person really is. Explanation.--The offence is committed whether the individual personated is a real or imaginary person. Illustration (a) A cheats by pretending to be a certain rich banker of the same name. A cheats by personation. (b) A cheats by pretending to.....

Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Section 445

Title: House Breaking

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....means by which that passage was not intended by the occupier of the house to be opened. Fourthly.--If he enters or quits by opening any lock in order to the committing of the house-trespass, or in order 10 the quitting of the house after a house-trespass. Fifthly.--If he effects his entrance or departure by using criminal force or committing an assault or by threatening any person with assault. Sixthly.--If he enters or quits by any passage which he knows to have been fastened against such entrance or departure, and to have been unfastened by himself or by an abettor of the house-trespass. Explanation.--Any out-house or building occupied with a house, and between which and such house there is an immediate internal communication, is part of the house within the meaning of this section. Illustrations (a) A commits house-trespass by making a hole through the wall of Z's house, and putting his hand through the aperture. This is house-breaking. (b) A commits house-trespass by creeping into a ship at a port-hole between decks. This is house-breaking. (c) A commits house-trespass by entering Z's house through a window. This is house-breaking. (d) A commits.....

Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Chapter 2

Title: General Explanations

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....words which refer to acts done extend also to illegal omissions. Section 33 - "Act", "Omission" The word "act" denotes as well a series of acts as a single act : the word "omission" denotes as well as series of omissions as a single omission. Section 34 - Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention 1 [34. Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of the common intention of all, each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done by him alone.] ___________________ 1. Substituted by Act 27 of 1870, section 1, for the original section. Section 35 - When such an act is criminal by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention Whenever an act, which is criminal only by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention, is done by several persons, each of such persons who joins in the act with such knowledge or intention is liable for the act in the same manner as if the act were done by him alone with that knowledge or intention. Section 36 - Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission .....

Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Section 22

Title: "movable Property"

State: Central

Year: 1860

The words "movable property" are intended to include corporeal property of every description, except land and things attached to the earth or permanently fastened to anything which is attached to the earth.