M. Manick Peter and ors. Vs. K. Surendranathan - Court Judgment

SooperKanoon Citationsooperkanoon.com/718577
SubjectCivil
CourtKerala High Court
Decided OnJul-29-1987
Case NumberC.M.A. No. 15 of 1986
Judge P.C. Balakrishna Menon and; P.K. Shamsuddin, JJ.
Reported inAIR1988Ker161
ActsCode of Civil Procedure (CPC) , 1908 - Order 8, Rule 10 - Order 9, Rule 13 - Order 17, Rule 2
AppellantM. Manick Peter and ors.
RespondentK. Surendranathan
Appellant Advocate Joseph Franklin, Adv.
Respondent Advocate S. Ananthasubramanian,; N. Sukumaran and; S. Shyam,
DispositionAppeal dismissed
Cases ReferredPrakash Chander v. Janki Manchanda
Excerpt:
- - for the failure of the defendants to file a written statement within the time permitted by the court it cannot be said that the decree is not an ex parte decree. the defendant sand their counsel were absent on the date on which the suit was posted for hearing and for the reason that the defendants had failed to file the written statement, a judgment was pronounced and a decree was drawn up against them in their absence. janki manchanda, alr 1987 sc 42) at page 44: it is clear that in cases where a party is absent only course is as' mentioned in order i7(3)(b) to proceed under rule 2. it is therefore clear that in absence of the defendant, the court had no option but to proceed under rule 2. similarly the language of rule 2 as now stands also clearly lays down that if any one of the parties fails to appear, the court has to proceed to dispose of the suit in one of the modes directed under order 9. the explanation to rule 2 gives a discretion to the court to proceed under rule 3 even if a party is absent but that discretion is limited only in cases where a party which is absent has led some evidence or has examined substantial part of their evidence. there remains no doubt and therefore there is no possibility of any controversy'.6. on the failure of the defendants and their counsel to appear in court on the adjourned date of hearing of the suit its disposal under order viii rule 10 c. all the defendants had entered appearance through counsel as early as on 29-6-1984. they failed to file the written statement on 6--7-1984 the date of first hearing of the suit as required by order viii rule 1 c.balakrishna menon, j. 1. this appeal by the defendants is against the dismissal of their application to set aside the ex parte decree passed in the suit. the suit is for recovery of rs. 32,000/- with interest on the basis of six promissory notes executed by the defendants in favour of the plaintiff. the defendants were duly served with summons in the suit. all the defendants entered appearance on 29-6-1984. no written statement was filed on 6-7-1984 the date fixed for the first hearing of the suit as required by order viii rule 1 c.p.c. the defendants applied for time for filing written statement and the court on 6-7-1984 granted them time till 6-8-1984. the defendants on 6-8-1984 prayed for further time and the court granted time till 19-9-1984 for the defendants to file their written statement. the case was posted to 19-9-1984. no written statement was filed even on 19-9-1984. the defendants and their counsel were absent and the court on the same day pronounced judgment under order viii rule 10 c.p.c. decreeing the suit as prayed for on the basis of exts. al to a8 marked and proved by affidavit of the plaintiff.2. an application to set aside the ex parte decree was filed on 25-9-1984 supported by an affidavit by the counsel who had entered appearance on behalf of the defendants. this petition was dismissed by the lower court on the ground that a decree passed under order viii, rule 10 c.p.c, is not an ex pane decree and a petition under order ix rule 13 c.p.c. will not lie to set aside such a decree rule 10 of order viii c.p.c. as it stood prior to the amendment by the civil p.c. amendment act 104 of 1976 reads : --'where any party from whom a written statement is so required fails to present the same within the time fixed by the court, the court may pronounce judgment against him, or make such order in relation to the suit as it thinks fit'.3. an order under rule 10 was appealable under section 104 read with order 43 rule 1(b) c.p.c. the amended rule reads : --'order viii rule 10 -- procedure when party fails to present written statement called for by court :-- where any party from whom a written statement (is required under rule 1 or rule 9) fails to present the same within the time (permitted or fixed by the court, as the case maybe, the court shall) pronounce judgment against him, or make such order in relation to the suit as it thinks fit (and on the pronouncement of such judgment, a decree shall be drawn up)'.4. a right of appeal provided under order 43 rule 1(b) was taken away by deletion of sub-clause (b). the decree passed in the present case is in conformity with the requirements of order viii rule 10 as amended in 1976. for the absence of the defendants and their counsel, it is also a decree exparte. order ix rule 13 c.p.c. enable the defendants to apply to the court to set aside an ex parte decree against him 'if he satisfies the court, that the summons was not duly served, or that he was prevented by any sufficient cause from appearing when the suit was called on for hearing' and the court is empowered to 'make an order setting aside the decree as against him upon such terms as to costs, payment into court or otherwise as it thinks fit'.5. merely for the reason that the decree in the present case follows a judgment under order viii rule 10 c.p.c. for the failure of the defendants to file a written statement within the time permitted by the court it cannot be said that the decree is not an ex parte decree. the defendant sand their counsel were absent on the date on which the suit was posted for hearing and for the reason that the defendants had failed to file the written statement, a judgment was pronounced and a decree was drawn up against them in their absence. the madras high court in n. jayaraman v. glaxo laboratories india ltd., air 1981 mad 258 and the karnataka high court in kuvarp industries, bangalore v. state bank of mysore, air 1985 kant 77 have taken the view that the decree in similar circumstances is ex parte and a petition to set aside the same under order ix, rule 13 is maintaible. the supreme court in prakash chander v. janki manchanda, alr 1987 sc 42) at page 44:'it is clear that in cases where a party is absent only course is as' mentioned in order i7(3)(b) to proceed under rule 2. it is therefore clear that in absence of the defendant, the court had no option but to proceed under rule 2. similarly the language of rule 2 as now stands also clearly lays down that if any one of the parties fails to appear, the court has to proceed to dispose of the suit in one of the modes directed under order 9. the explanation to rule 2 gives a discretion to the court to proceed under rule 3 even if a party is absent but that discretion is limited only in cases where a party which is absent has led some evidence or has examined substantial part of their evidence. it is, therefore clear that if on a date fixed, one of the parties remain absent and for that party no evidence has been examined up to that date the court has no option but to proceed to dispose of the matter in accordance with order 17 rule 2 in any one of the modes prescribed under order 9, civil p.c. it is therefore clear that after this amendment in order 17 rule 2 and 3, civil p.c. there remains no doubt and therefore there is no possibility of any controversy'.6. on the failure of the defendants and their counsel to appear in court on the adjourned date of hearing of the suit its disposal under order viii rule 10 c.p.c. is therefore to be treated as a disposal in accordance with order xvii rule 2. an ex parte decree passed under order viii rule 10 is not to be treated differently from any other decree ex parte liable to be set aside under order ix, rule 13 c.p.c.7. the further question is whether the defendants have made out a case that they were prevented by sufficient cause from appearing in court when the suit was called for hearing on 19-9-1984. the application to set aside the ex parte decree is supported by an affidavit of the counsel who was appearing for the defendants in the suit. there is not even an affidavit by any of the defendants in support of the petition. the affidavit by the counsel does not disclose any reason for the absence of the defendants in court on 19-9-1984. they have no case that they were not aware of the posting of the case. all the defendants had entered appearance through counsel as early as on 29-6-1984. they failed to file the written statement on 6--7-1984 the date of first hearing of the suit as required by order viii rule 1 c.p.c. at the request of the defendants they were granted time till 6-8-1984 to the their written statement. no written statement was fifed even on that day and time was granted till 19-9-1984 for the defendants to file their written statement at their request. the defendants and their counsel were absent on 19-9-1984 and it was for that reason the court below passed a judgment under order viii rule 10 c.p.c. the affidavit in support of the petition to set aside the ex parte decree shows that the written statement in the case was prepared and signed on 27-6-1984. there is no explanation why the written statement was not filed on 6-7-1984. apparently the defendants wanted to prolong the matter and prayed for time for filing the written statement. they did not file the written statement even after obtaining two adjournments to 6-8-1984 and to 19-8-1984 for filing the written statement. the defendants have no bona fides in not filing the written statement within the time granted by the court below. there is also no explanation for their absence in court on the date on which the suit was posted for hearing.we see no merit in the petition to set aside the ex parte decree. we, therefore confirm the decision of the court below, and dismiss the appeal. no costs.
Judgment:

Balakrishna Menon, J.

1. This appeal by the defendants is against the dismissal of their application to set aside the ex parte decree passed in the suit. The suit is for recovery of Rs. 32,000/- with interest on the basis of six promissory notes executed by the defendants in favour of the plaintiff. The defendants were duly served with summons in the suit. All the defendants entered appearance on 29-6-1984. No written statement was filed on 6-7-1984 the date fixed for the first hearing of the suit as required by Order VIII Rule 1 C.P.C. The defendants applied for time for filing written statement and the court on 6-7-1984 granted them time till 6-8-1984. The defendants on 6-8-1984 prayed for further time and the court granted time till 19-9-1984 for the defendants to file their written statement. The case was posted to 19-9-1984. No written statement was filed even on 19-9-1984. The defendants and their counsel were absent and the court on the same day pronounced judgment under Order VIII Rule 10 C.P.C. decreeing the suit as prayed for on the basis of Exts. Al to A8 marked and proved by affidavit of the plaintiff.

2. An application to set aside the ex parte decree was filed on 25-9-1984 supported by an affidavit by the counsel who had entered appearance on behalf of the defendants. This petition was dismissed by the lower court on the ground that a decree passed under Order VIII, Rule 10 C.P.C, is not an ex pane decree and a petition under Order IX Rule 13 C.P.C. will not lie to set aside such a decree Rule 10 of Order VIII C.P.C. as it stood prior to the amendment by the Civil P.C. Amendment Act 104 of 1976 reads : --

'Where any party from whom a written statement is so required fails to present the same within the time fixed by the Court, the Court may pronounce judgment against him, or make such order in relation to the suit as it thinks fit'.

3. An order under Rule 10 was appealable under Section 104 read with Order 43 Rule 1(b) C.P.C. The amended Rule reads : --

'Order VIII Rule 10 -- Procedure when party fails to present written statement called for by Court :-- Where any party from whom a written statement (is required under Rule 1 or Rule 9) fails to present the same within the time (permitted or fixed by the Court, as the case maybe, the court shall) pronounce judgment against him, or make such order in relation to the suit as it thinks fit (and on the pronouncement of such judgment, a decree shall be drawn up)'.

4. A right of appeal provided under Order 43 Rule 1(b) was taken away by deletion of Sub-clause (b). The decree passed in the present case is in conformity with the requirements of Order VIII Rule 10 as amended in 1976. For the absence of the defendants and their counsel, it is also a decree exparte. Order IX Rule 13 C.P.C. enable the defendants to apply to the court to set aside an ex parte decree against him 'if he satisfies the court, that the summons was not duly served, or that he was prevented by any sufficient cause from appearing when the suit was called on for hearing' and the court is empowered to 'make an order setting aside the decree as against him upon such terms as to costs, payment into court or otherwise as it thinks fit'.

5. Merely for the reason that the decree in the present case follows a judgment under Order VIII Rule 10 C.P.C. for the failure of the defendants to file a written statement within the time permitted by the court it cannot be said that the decree is not an ex parte decree. The defendant sand their counsel were absent on the date on which the suit was posted for hearing and for the reason that the defendants had failed to file the written statement, a judgment was pronounced and a decree was drawn up against them in their absence. The Madras High Court in N. Jayaraman v. Glaxo Laboratories India Ltd., AIR 1981 Mad 258 and the Karnataka High Court in Kuvarp Industries, Bangalore v. State Bank of Mysore, AIR 1985 Kant 77 have taken the view that the decree in similar circumstances is ex parte and a petition to set aside the same under Order IX, Rule 13 is maintaible. The Supreme Court in Prakash Chander v. Janki Manchanda, AlR 1987 SC 42) at page 44:

'It is clear that in cases where a party is absent only course is as' mentioned in Order I7(3)(b) to proceed under Rule 2. It is therefore clear that in absence of the defendant, the Court had no option but to proceed under Rule 2. Similarly the language of Rule 2 as now stands also clearly lays down that if any one of the parties fails to appear, the court has to proceed to dispose of the suit in one of the modes directed under Order 9. The explanation to Rule 2 gives a discretion to the Court to proceed under Rule 3 even if a party is absent but that discretion is limited only in cases where a party which is absent has led some evidence or has examined substantial part of their evidence. It is, therefore clear that if on a date fixed, one of the parties remain absent and for that party no evidence has been examined up to that date the court has no option but to proceed to dispose of the matter in accordance with Order 17 Rule 2 in any one of the modes prescribed under Order 9, Civil P.C. It is therefore clear that after this amendment in Order 17 Rule 2 and 3, Civil P.C. there remains no doubt and therefore there is no possibility of any controversy'.

6. On the failure of the defendants and their counsel to appear in court on the adjourned date of hearing of the suit its disposal under Order VIII Rule 10 C.P.C. is therefore to be treated as a disposal in accordance with Order XVII Rule 2. An ex parte decree passed under Order VIII Rule 10 is not to be treated differently from any other decree ex parte liable to be set aside under Order IX, Rule 13 C.P.C.

7. The further question is whether the defendants have made out a case that they were prevented by sufficient cause from appearing in court when the suit was called for hearing on 19-9-1984. The application to set aside the ex parte decree is supported by an affidavit of the counsel who was appearing for the defendants in the suit. There is not even an affidavit by any of the defendants in support of the petition. The affidavit by the counsel does not disclose any reason for the absence of the defendants in court on 19-9-1984. They have no case that they were not aware of the posting of the case. All the defendants had entered appearance through counsel as early as on 29-6-1984. They failed to file the written statement on 6--7-1984 the date of first hearing of the suit as required by Order VIII Rule 1 C.P.C. At the request of the defendants they were granted time till 6-8-1984 to the their written statement. No written statement was fifed even on that day and time was granted till 19-9-1984 for the defendants to file their written statement at their request. The defendants and their counsel were absent on 19-9-1984 and it was for that reason the court below passed a judgment under Order VIII Rule 10 C.P.C. The affidavit in support of the petition to set aside the ex parte decree shows that the written statement in the case was prepared and signed on 27-6-1984. There is no explanation why the written statement was not filed on 6-7-1984. Apparently the defendants wanted to prolong the matter and prayed for time for filing the written statement. They did not file the written statement even after obtaining two adjournments to 6-8-1984 and to 19-8-1984 for filing the written statement. The defendants have no bona fides in not filing the written statement within the time granted by the court below. There is also no explanation for their absence in court on the date on which the suit was posted for hearing.

We see no merit in the petition to set aside the ex parte decree. We, therefore confirm the decision of the court below, and dismiss the appeal. No costs.