Atique Ahmad (In Jail) Vs. State of U.P. and ors. - Court Judgment

Excerpt:
- land acquisition act, 1894 [c.a. no. 1/1894]. section 4; [sushil harkauli, s.k. singh & krishna murari, jj] acquisition of land held, court cannot issue a writ of mandamus directing the state authorities to acquire a particular land. land acquisition is not purely ministerial act to be performed by executive no direction in nature of mandamus whether interim or final can be issued by court under article 226 necessarily to acquire particular land in public interest. land acquisition is not a purely ministerial act to be performed by the executive and therefore, no mandamus can be issued by the court in exercise of its power under article 226 of the constitution, whether suo motu or otherwise, whether in public interest litigation or otherwise directing acquisition of land under the provisions of land acquisition act, 1894. it would, however, be open to the court in exercise of that power to invite the attention of the executive to any public purpose and the need for land for meeting that public purpose and to require the executive to take a decision, even a reasoned decision, with regard to the same in accordance with the statutory provisions, perhaps even within a reasonable time frame. however, the power of the court under article 226 must necessarily stop at that. thereafter, if the decision taken by the executive is capable of challenge and, there exist appropriate legal grounds for such challenge, it may also be open to the court to quash the decision and to require reconsideration. but no direction in the nature of mandamus whether interim or final can be issued by the court under article 226 to the executive to necessarily acquire a particular area of a particular piece of land for a particular public purpose. section 4; compulsory acquisition of land powers of state government held, renewal of lease in favour of petitioners would not take away power of state government of compulsory acquisition of land. renewal of lease would at best be taken into consideration for determining quantum of compensation. - maine jamin milne ke ek saptah bad nirman shuru kar diya aur boundary, kamre banwakar pariwar ke sath rahati rahi. it is urged that at the best, the f. , learned counsel for the petitioner argued that at the best the allegations disclosed a civil wrong that rs. she has clearly alleged that the petitioner and his associates were operating in the form of a gang and nobody was even prepared to tender evidence owing to their fear and terror. it is well settled law that facts may give rise to civil claim and also amount to an offence. if the ingredients which establish the commission of the offence exist, then the prosecution cannot fail merely because there was an animus of the complainant or prosecution against the accused. 13. so far as the question of transfer of investigation to an independent agency is concerned, we would like to observe that normally the investigation should be done by the local police.m.c. jain, j.1. the facts, skipping unnecessary details, are that the petitioner is a sitting m.l.a. from allahabad constituency. against him an f.i.r. has been lodged by respondent no. 5 smt. urmila devi on 4-8-2002 at 2.05 p.m., resulting in registering of a case against him under sections 467/468/471/420/506/384/387, i.p.c. and section 2/3 of the u. p. gangsters anti social activities (prevention) act. he has filed this writ petition, claiming the following reliefs :'(i) to issue a writ, order or direction in the nature of certiorari quashing the first information report and further proceedings of case crime no. 311 of 2002, under sections 420, 467, 468, 471, 506, 384, 387, i.p.c. and 2/3 of uttar pradesh gangster act, police station dhoomanganj, allahabad, dated 4-8-2002, so far as it relates to the petitioner, (annexure no. 16 to the writ petition.(i) to issue a writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus restraining the respondents from taking the petitioner into judicial custody in respect of case crime no. 311 of 2002 under sections 420, 467, 468, 471, 506, 384, 387, i.p.c. and 2/3 uttar pradesh gangster act, police station dhoomanganj, allahabad, dated 4-8-2002 till the filing of the charge sheet against the petitioner in the aforesaid case.(ii) to issue a writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus commanding the opposite parties directing the respondent no. 1 to transfer the investigation of case crime no. 311 of 2002, under sections 420, 467, 468, 471, 506, 384, 387, i.p.c. and 2/3 uttar pradesh gangsters act, police station dhoomanganj, allahabad, dated 4-8-2002 by some independent agency which may be free from the influence of the present chief minister who has taken the pledge on the floor of the house on 17-5-2002 to take the tears out of the eyes of the petitioner.(iii) to issue any other writ, order or direction, which this hon'ble court may deem fit and proper under the facts and circumstances of the case, to which the petitioner may be found entitled in law.(iv) allow this writ petition with special costs in favour of the petitioner, throughout.'2. the f.i.r. filed against him by respondent no. 5 smt. urrnila devi is annexure 16 to the writ petition and it would be relevant to excerpt below the material allegations made therein against him:..... .ham logon ne makan banane ke liye jamin ki talash ki. ham log sulem sarai ke as pas hi makan banana chahte the jamin ke silsile mein alka sahkari awas samiti ke karyalaya preetam nagar marg ke mor par gayee. samiti ke sanchalak rafat ullah se milkar jamin kharidne ki baat batai jinhone mujhe jhalwa mein jamin dilane ka vachan diya. rafatullah putra rahmatullah nivasi 79, chakia mujhe lekar tatkal vidhayak shahar paschimi atteeq ahmad ke nivas par gaye jahan ateeq ahmad aur achchhey urf rukhsar miyan baithey the dono ne gram jhalwa sthit araji sankhya 95 mein 850/-prativarg gaj ke dar se 100 varg gaj jamin rs. 85,000/- mein dena sweekar kiya. doosre din dinank 3.11.2000 ko main apane pati sri paras nath yadav ke saath atee ahmad ke avas par gayi jahan rafatullah aur achhey mian urf rukhsar miyan ki maujudgi mein 85000/- nagad diya jise vidhyak atee ahmad ne rafat ullah se ginvaya aur apne pas rakh liya, usi samay ateeq ahmad ke avas par kuchh log baithe the jisme se do logon ko achchhi tarah se janati pahchanti hun. jinke naam ali akbar putra afzalan tatha akram putra muturza niwasigan bhiti thana dhoomanganj allahabad bhee maujud the mujhe ateeq ahmed ke kahne par rafat ullah ne sahkri avas samiti ke naam se chhapi raseed 15000 rupaye ki diya puri rakam kee raseed mangane paratioue. achchhey tatha rafat ne dhamka kar kaha ki jamin se matlab rakho raseed se nahi. bare longo ke aage main chup chap rahi. dusare din rafat ullah aur achchhe minya mere niwas par aaye aur jhalwa kee arazi no. 95 par laye aur 100 varg gaj jamin nap kar chinh lagwa diya. maine jamin milne ke ek saptah bad nirman shuru kar diya aur boundary, kamre banwakar pariwar ke sath rahati rahi. lekin mujhe is jamin ke bainame ki chinta barabar bani rahi maine jab bhi ragistry ya agreement ki bat kahi to ateeq ahmed vidhayak aur rafat ullah va achchhe minya ne dantkar chup kara diya un longo ne mujhe 85000/ - rupaye ki raseed bhi nanhi dee. jab mujhe pata chala ki jis jamin par mera ghar bana hai us jamin ke bare men jaishree urf suraj kali naam ki aurat mukdama lar rahi hai. tab se mujhe jamin ke bainama karane ki chinta badh gayee aur maine kuchh din purv achchhe minya se bainama karne va paise kee raseed ke bare men nivedan kiya to achchhe minya ne dant kar kaha ki us jamin ke bare mein manik chand ne nabi anwar aadi se ikrarnama kiya hai vidhayak ji abhi jail men hain unse puchhkar koi nirnay karunga bar-bar bainama ke liye kahogi to rahne nihin dunga pura pariwar gayab kar dunga. aaj rafat ullah va achchhe minya mere ghar par aaye aur mujhse kaha ki 15000/- wali raseed do nanhi tumhare pure pariwar ko samapt kar denge prarthini ne dar kar mool raseed jo in longo ne dee thee unko de dee tatha uski photocopy prarthani ke pas hai prarthai tatha uska pariwar bahut dara huaa hai kyonki prarthani se uski mool raseed bhi yeh log le gaye. ab mujhe vishwas ho gaya hai ki atioue ahmed vidhayak ne mujhe dhokha dekar beimani kee niyat se paisa lekar harap liya hai. aur kam paise kee raseed apne sahyoginyo se dilwaya hai. in longo ka ek sangathit giroh hai hamari hi tarah kai longo ke sath dhokha dhari karke athwa dara dhamka kar paisa le liya hai. iske bhay va atank se koi bhee vyakti gawahi dene ko taiyar nanhi hai. yeh log nishchit mere pariwar ko mar denge ya gayab karwa denge. ...........'3. we have heard sri d.s. mishra, learned counsel for the petitioner at length and learned a.g.a. in opposition. we have also carefully examined the record. it has been urged for the petitioner that he does not subscribe to the policies and ideology of the present chief minister sushri mayawati and he refused to compromise with his principles. it is for this reason that she has made him and his family members the target of all kinds of victimization. it is submitted that she is operating from behind the scene in getting him and his family members implicated in a number of criminal cases under the lead of respondent no. 4 sri lalji shukla, superintendent of police (city), allahabad, who has particularly been brought back and posted at allahabad to achieve this goal. he remained in jail from 15-2-2001 to 21-7-2001 owing to false criminal cases initiated against him including detention under national security act which came to be revoked, having not been approved by the advisory board. it has also been argued that from 21st july 2001 to 6th june, 2002 there was 110 complaint or fresh case against him and on contesting the election in february 2002, he again got elected as m.l.a. sushri mayawati has come to power as chief minister in coalition with bhartiya janta party. learned counsel for the petitioner has invited the court's attention to annexure 3 to the writ petition which is said to be the copy of proceedings of the legislative assembly dated 17th may, 2002. it is sought to be emphasized with its help that when the petitioner was pointing out the ideological framework of the present chief minister, she threatened that she would ensure that tears would come to his eyes. the learned counsel for the petitioner has emphasized that he was again arrested on 6-6-2002 in connection with crime no. 253 of 2002 of p. s. dhoomanganj, allahabad, under various sections of indian penal code and u. p. gangsters and anti social activities (prevention) act on an fir made by smt. jai shree @ suraj kali. thereafter the series of registering of false cases against him one after the other is continuing and the present f.i.r. is part of the chain. the respondent no. 4 lalji shukla, s. p. (city), allahabad is said to be operating as a tool in the hands of the present chief minister who is leaving no stone unturned to ensure the victimization of the petitioner and his family members. according to the learned counsel, the f.i.r. of the present case is false, baseless and outcome of mala fides, having been lodged at the behest of the present chief minister of the state who is operating to achieve her goal through respondent no. 4 above named. it is urged that at the best, the f.i.r. makes out a civil wrong. referring to the allegations made in the f.i.r., learned counsel for the petitioner argued that at the best the allegations disclosed a civil wrong that rs. 85,000/- had been taken from the informant against which a receipt of rs. 15,000/- was given, which too was subsequently taken back and that no agreement of sale or sale deed was executed. it has also been urged that the informant smt. urmila devi herself made an application on 6th august 2002 before the special judge, gangsters act/additional sessions judge along with an affidavit stating that she had not made any f.i.r. and that the s.o. of police station dhooman ganj had compelled her to sign on some plain papers. it is also the contention of the learned counsel for the petitioner that when the petitioner was being brought to appear before the chief judicial magistrate, allahabad in connection with a case pending against him on 7th august, 2002, an assailant had attacked him with hurling of bomb and he sustained injuries. it has further been urged by the learned counsel for the petitioner that local police being completely under the thumb and influence of the ruling chief minister of the state who is antagonized against the petitioner, fair investigation is not possible and the same should be directed to be made by some independent agency.4. on the other hand, the learned a.g.a. has vehemently opposed the prayers made in the writ petition and the arguments of the learned counsel for the petitioner. according to him, the f.i.r. in question makes out a case against the petitioner which has to be investigated according to the procedure prescribed by law. his submission is that the petitioner is unnecessarily hammering on irrelevant and imaginary factors accusing the ruling chief minister to be behind the filing of the present f.i.r. whereas actually she has nothing to do about it.5. so far as the alleged statement or threat of the present chief minister on the floor of the legislative assembly on 17-5-2002 is concerned, suffice it to say that the same cannot prima facie and rationally be interpreted as her mala fides against the petitioner to get him implicated in false criminal cases.6. this apart, a perusal of the f.i.r. in question dated 4th august, 2002 shows that it was lodged against the petitioner by a private citizen of the country, detailing her grievances against the petitioner which, in short, relate to the receipt from her of rs. 85,000/- on 3-11-2000 making over receipt of only rs. 15,000/- at his residence by rafatullah, permitting her to occupy the piece of the land without execution of any agreement of sale or sale deed; scuttling with threats, the demand of receipt by her of full amount of rs. 85,000/- and for execution of agreement of sale or sale deed; ultimately taking back receipt of rs. 15,000/- also from her under threats. she has clearly alleged that the petitioner and his associates were operating in the form of a gang and nobody was even prepared to tender evidence owing to their fear and terror. the entire background of the incident has been detailed and narrated. it cannot be said from the perusal of the f.i.r. that no prima facie case including of cheating and u. p. gangsters act is made out against the petitioner on these allegations. to say it other way, the contents of the f.i.r. do prima facie make out a case against the petitioner as we have just stated in the preceding sentences.7. so far as the alleged making of the application by the informant smt. urmila devi (respondent no. 5) before the court of addl. sessions judge on 6-8-2002 is concerned, suffice it to say at this stage that it is a factual matter required to be looked into at investigation stage and thereafter at the trial, if any, in the eventuality of a charge sheet being filed. this court would not enter into this factual folds in its writ jurisdiction.8. there is no manner of doubt that power of the high court to issue prerogative writs under article 226 of the constitution of india is plenary in nature. this power can be exercised by high court to prevent abuse of process or to further the cause of justice. ordinarily, the criminal proceedings which are instituted against the accused must be tried and taken to logical conclusion under the code of criminal procedure and high court would be reluctant to interfere with the proceedings at an interlocutory stage. as we have noted, having regard to the allegations made against the petitioner in the f. i. r. at hand, it cannot be said without stretching imagination beyond permissible limits that the allegations are so absurd and inherently improbable on the basis of which no prudent person can ever reach a conclusion that there was sufficient ground for proceeding against the petitioner. there is no justification which may lead to this conclusion either at this stage that the f. i. r. was actuated by rnala fides and that it is the handiwork of the present chief minister, sushri mayawati, who is said to be pulling the strings behind the screen. we also wish to say that the quashing of this f. i. r. cannot be sought on this premise either that the allegations are incorrect or wrong according to the petitioner when the f. i. r. is disclosing commission of cognizable offences and there is no ground for interference by this court to prevent the abuse of process of any court or otherwise to secure the ends of justice. the ordinary system of law must take its own course.9. the supreme court has held in the case of manohar m. galani v. ashok n. advani, 2000 scc (cri) 70 : (air 2000 sc 202) that the high court is not justified in quashing the f. i. r. by an elaborate discussion on merits of the matter. in another case of medchl chemicals and pharrna (p) ltd. v. biological e. ltd., 2000 scc (crl) 615 : (air 2000 sc 1869) also the apex court has dealt with the scope of the high court jurisdiction that a complaint has to be examined as a whole without going into the merits of the allegations made therein. if a prima facie case is made out disclosing the ingredients of the offence alleged against the accused, the court should not quash the complaint. the mere fact that the offence was committed during the course of commercial transaction by itself would not be sufficient to quash the complaint. this dictum of the supreme court squarely answers the argument of the learned counsel for the petitioner dealt with by us a little earlier that the f. i. r. discloses only a civil wrong. the same view was taken in the case of lalmuni devi v. state of bihar, 2001 scc (cri) 275 : (2001 air scw 2504) that the quashing of criminal complaint merely because the complaint spelt out a civil wrong also, is not justified if the alleged acts make out an offence. it is well settled law that facts may give rise to civil claim and also amount to an offence. merely because a civil claim is maintainable, does not mean that the criminal complaint cannot be maintained.10. on examining the present f. i. r., we are of the opinion that apart from this civil profile, the f. i. r. discloses the commission of criminal offences too and this argument of the learned counsel for the petitioner does not carry conviction.11. the normal rule is not to interfere with the investigation and criminal proceedings, except when the complaint or the f. i. r. broadly read, does not disclose any offence and can be termed as abuse of process of law. if prima facie an offence is disclosed in the f. i. r., the high court would decline to interfere with the statutory functions of the investigating agency and to quash the criminal proceedings.12. as to the allegations of mala fides, we have indicated above that there is no justification whatsoever at this stage to accept the same. moreover, in the case of state of maharashtra v. ishwar piraji kalpatri, 1996 scc (cri) 150 : (air 1996 sc 722) the supreme court has held that mala fide so animus of a complainant or prosecution is not relevant at the initial stage for quashing criminal proceedings. if on the basis of the allegations in the complaint a prima facie case is made out, the high court has no jurisdiction to quash the proceedings. it is not justified in judging the probability, reliability or genuineness of the allegations made. if the complaint which is made is correct and the offence had been committed, which will have to be established in a court of law, it is of no consequence that the complaint was by a person who was inimical or that: he was guilty of mala fides. if the ingredients which establish the commission of the offence exist, then the prosecution cannot fail merely because there was an animus of the complainant or prosecution against the accused. the allegations of rnala fides may be relevant while judging the correctness of the allegations or while examining the evidence. but the mere fact that the complainant is guilty of mala fides would be no ground for quashing the prosecution.13. so far as the question of transfer of investigation to an independent agency is concerned, we would like to observe that normally the investigation should be done by the local police. the mere allegation that the local police would not investigate the case properly does not entitle the accused to pray for handing over the investigation to some other agency. in the case of cbi v. rajesh gandhi, 1997 cri lj 63 : (air 1997 sc 93) the supreme court has held that the decision to investigate or the decision on the agency which should investigate, does not attract principles of natural justice. the accused cannot have a say in who should investigate the offences he is charged with.14. having dealt with all the aspects of the matter and the arguments of the learned counsel for the petitioner in the setting of the facts and circumstances of the present case including the allegations made by respondent no. 5 against the petitioner in the f. i. r. in question, we come to the conclusion that none of the prayers made in the writ petition referred to in the initial part of the judgment can be granted.15. the writ petition has no merit and we hereby dismiss it.