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Indian Evidence Act 1872 Part 1

Title: Relevancy of Facts

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....context:- "Court".-Court" includes all Judges1 and Magistrates, 2 and all persons, except arbitrators, legally authorized to take evidence. "Fact".-"Fact" means and includes- (1) any thing, state of things, or relation of things, capable of being perceived by the senses; (2) any mental condition of which any person is conscious. Illustrations (a) That there are certain objects arranged in a certain order in a certain place, is a fact. (b) That a man heard or saw something, is a fact. (c) That a man said certain words, is a fact. (d) That a man holds a certain opinion, has a certain intention, acts in good faith or fraudulently, or uses a particular word in a particular sense, or is or was at a specified time conscious of a particular sensation, is a fact. (e) That a man has a certain reputation, is a fact. "Relevant".-One fact is said to be relevant to another when the one is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Act relating to the relevancy of facts. "Facts in issue".-The expression "facts in issue" means and includes--any fact from which, either by itself or in connection with other facts, the existence,.....

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Complete Act

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....to another when the one is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Act relating to the relevancy of facts. "Facts in issue" " The expression "facts in issue" means and includes " any fact from which, either by itself or in connection with other facts, the existence, non-existence, nature or extent of any right, liability, or disability, asserted or denied on any suit or proceeding, necessarily follows. Explanation - Whenever, under the provisions of the law for the time being in force relating to Civil Procedure, any Court records an issue of fact, the fact to be asserted or denied in the answer to such issue is a fact in issue. Illustrations A is accused of the murder of B. At his trial the following facts may be in issue:- That caused A B's death; That A intended to cause Bs' death; That A had received grave and sudden provocation from B; That A, at the time of doing the act which caused B's death, was, by reason of unsoundness of mind, incapable of knowing its nature. "Documents" " "Documents" means any matter expressed of described upon any substance by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means,.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Chapter 1

Title: Preliminary

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....context:- "Court".-Court" includes all Judges1 and Magistrates, 2 and all persons, except arbitrators, legally authorized to take evidence. "Fact".-"Fact" means and includes- (1) any thing, state of things, or relation of things, capable of being perceived by the senses; (2) any mental condition of which any person is conscious. Illustrations (a) That there are certain objects arranged in a certain order in a certain place, is a fact. (b) That a man heard or saw something, is a fact. (c) That a man said certain words, is a fact. (d) That a man holds a certain opinion, has a certain intention, acts in good faith or fraudulently, or uses a particular word in a particular sense, or is or was at a specified time conscious of a particular sensation, is a fact. (e) That a man has a certain reputation, is a fact. "Relevant".-One fact is said to be relevant to another when the one is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Act relating to the relevancy of facts. "Facts in issue".-The expression "facts in issue" means and includes--any fact from which, either by itself or in connection with other facts, the existence,.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Section 3

Title: Interpretation Clause

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....the Information Technology Act, 2000.] ________________ 1. Cf. the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act 5 of 1908), section 2, the Indian Penal Code (Act 45 of 1860), section 19; and, for a definition of "District Judge", the General Clauses Act, 1897 (10 of 1897), section 3 (17). 2. Cf. the General Clauses Act, 1897 (10 of 1897), section 3 (32) and the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Act 2 of 1974). 3. See now the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) as to the settlement of issues, See Schedule I, Order XIV. 4. Cf. the Indian Penal Code (Act 45 of 1860), section 29 and the General Clauses Act, 1897 (10 of 1897), section 3 (18). 5. Cf. definition of "writing in the General Clauses Act, 1897 (10 of 1897), section 3 (65). 6. Substituted by Act 21 of 2000, section 92 and Schedule II, for "all documents produced for the inspection of the Court." (w.e.f. 17-10-2000). 7. Substituted by Act 3 of 1951, section 3 and Schedule, for the definition of "State" and "States", which was inserted by the A.O. 1950. 8. Inserted by Act 21 of 2000, section 92 and Schedule II (w.e.f. 17-10-2000). 9. Substituted vide IT Amendment Act, 2008 prior text was "Digital Signature" .....

Code of Civil Procedure 1908 Complete Act

State: Central

Year: 1908

.....in the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1970 (5 of 1970). Explanation II : For the purposes of this section, a transaction is a commercial transaction, if it is connected with the industry, trade or business of the party incurring the liability.] (2) Where such a decree is silent with respect to the payment of further interest on such principal sum] from the date of the decree to the date of payment or other earlier date, the court shall be deemed to have refused such interest, and a separate suit therefor shall not lie. SECTION 35: COSTS (1) Subject to such conditions and limitations as may be prescribed, and to the provisions of any law for the time being in force, the costs of and incident to all suits shall be in the discretion of the court, and the court shall have full power to determine by whom or out of what property and to what extent such costs are to be paid, and to give all necessary directions for the purposes aforesaid. The fact that the court has no jurisdiction to try the suit shall be no bar to the exercise of such powers. (2) Where the court directs that any costs shall not follow the event, the court shall state its reasons in.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Chapter 2

Title: Of the Relevancy of Facts

State: Central

Year: 1872

..... _______________________ 1. See now the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) Section 6 - Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction Facts which, though not in issue, are so connected with a fact in issue as to form part of the same transaction, are relevant, whether they occurred at the same time and place or at different times and places. Illustrations (a) A is accused of the murder of B by beating him. Whatever was said or done by A or B or the by-standers at the beating, or so shortly before or after it as to form part of the transaction, is a relevant fact. (b) A is accused of waging war against the 1 [Government of India] by taking part in an armed insurrection in which property is destroyed, troops are attacked and goals are broken open. The occurrence of these facts is relevant, as forming part of the general transaction, thought A may not have been present at all of them. (c) A sues B for a libel contained in a letter forming part of a correspondence. Letters between the parties relating to the subject out of which the libel arose, and forming part of the correspondence in which it is contained, are relevant facts, though they do not.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Section 9

Title: Facts Necessary to Explain or Introduce Relevant Facts

State: Central

Year: 1872

Facts necessary to explain or introduce a fact in issue or relevant fact, or which support or rebut an inference suggested by a fact in issue or relevant fact, or which establish the identity of any thing or person whose identity is relevant, or fix the time or place at which any fact in issue or relevant fact happened, or which show the relation of parties by whom any such fact was transacted, are relevant in so far as they are necessary for that purpose. Illustrations (a) The question is, whether a given document is the will of A. The state of A's property and of his family at the date of the alleged will may be relevant facts. (b) A sues B for a libel imputing disgraceful conduct to A; B affirms that the matter alleged to be libellous is true. The position and relations of the parties at the time when the libel was published may be relevant facts as introductory to the facts in issue. The particulars of a dispute between A and B about a matter unconnected with the alleged libel are irrelevant though the fact that there was a dispute may be relevant if it affected the relations between A and B. (c) A is accused of a crime. The fact that, soon after the.....

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 Rule 1 to 7

Title: Settlement of Issues and Determination of Suit on Issues of Law or on Issues Agreed Upon

State: Central

Year: 1908

.....proposition of fact or law is affirmed by the one party and denied by the other. (2) Material propositions are those propositions of law or fact which a plaintiff must allege in order to show a right to sue or a defendant must allege in order to constitute his defence. (3) Each material proposition affirmed by one party and denied by the other shall form the subject of a distinct issue. (4) issues are of two kinds: (a) issues of fact, (b) issues of law. (5) At the first hearing of the suit the Court shall, after reading the plaint and the written statements, if any, and 1 [after examination under rule 2 of Order X and after hearing the parties or their pleaders], ascertain upon what material propositions of fact or of law the parties are at variance, and shall thereupon proceed to frame and record the issues on which the right decision of the case appears to depend. (6) Nothing in this rule requires the Court to frame and record issues where the defendant at the first hearing of the suit makes no defence. 2 [2. Court to pronounce judgment on all issues (1) Notwithstanding that a case may be disposed of on a preliminary issue, the Court shall, subject to.....

Commercial Documents Evidence Act, 1939 Complete Act

State: Central

Year: 1939

.....The result is that a party desirous of delaying the proceedings can often insist on the other side getting Commissions issued to take evidence as to facts which are for all practical purposes sufficiently established by the documents in question. It is proposed to undertake legislation on the lines of the Bankers Books Evidence Act, 1891, so as to provide that commercial documents which are accepted as prima facie correct in commercial circles may be admitted in evidence without formal proof. A list of such documents has been prepared in consultation with Commercial Associations and Local Governments. and in included in the Schedule to the Bill, power being reserved to the Government of India to add to the list from time to time and to remove items from it." -Gazette of India, 1937 Pat V. p. 119 An Act to amend the Law of Evidence with respect to certain commercial documents. Whereas it is expedient to amend the Law of Evidence with respect to certain commercial documents; It is hereby enacted as follows:- SECTION 01: SHORT TITLE AND EXTENT This Act has been applied to the Darjeeling district, with effect from the 8th February, 1940, by the late Bengal Government.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Section 8

Title: Motive, Preparation and Previous or Subsequent Conduct

State: Central

Year: 1872

Any fact is relevant which shows or constitutes a motive or preparation for any fact in issue or relevant fact. The conduct of any party, or of any agent to any party, to any suit or proceeding, in reference to such suit or proceeding, or in reference to a fact in issue therein or relevant thereto, and the conduct of any person an offence against whom is the subject of any proceeding, is relevant, if such conduct influences or is influenced by any fact in issue or relevant fact, and whether it was previous or subsequent thereto. Explanation 1.The word "conduct" in this section does not include statements, unless those statements accompany and explain acts other than statements, but this explanation is not to affect the relevancy of statements under any other section of this Act. Explanation 2.When the conduct of any person is relevant, any statement made to him or in his presence and hearing, which affects such conduct, is relevant. Illustrations (a) A is tried for the murder of B. The facts that A murdered C, that B knew that A had murdered C, and that B had tried to extort money from A by threatening to make his knowledge public, are relevant. (b) A sues B upon a.....